Distribution of subtypes and immunophenotypic characterization of 1379 cases of paediatric acute leukaemia

Jamal, Saba; Meraj, Fatima; Mansoor, Neelum; Parveen, Sadia; Shaikh, Ameerah; Jabbar, Naeem

doi:10.12669/pjms.37.3.3552

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Negativity for CD20, as B-cell specific marker was observed in 61.8% of B-ALL cases reported by Tong et al 26 Absence of CD10 expression was in 5% to 18.8% in eastern and western studies 26,32 and in this study, we found it 24% which is higher. It is an established fact that CD3 is the best marker for T-ALL, we found it 100% cases of T-ALL similar like other studies 33,34 but CD5 (33%) and CD7(33%) expressions found lower in this study may be due to small sample size. In this study, in case of AML maximum positivity was MPO (93.24%) followed by CD33 (86.58%), CD13 (79.92%) and CD117 (73.26%) but study from Pakistan and India shows that maximum positivity is for CD33 & CD13.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…In this study, in case of AML maximum positivity was MPO (93.24%) followed by CD33 (86.58%), CD13 (79.92%) and CD117 (73.26%) but study from Pakistan and India shows that maximum positivity is for CD33 & CD13. 34,35 Also there is 6.66% aberrant expression of B-cell marker CD19 and T-cell marker CD3 (6.66%), CD5 (6.66%) and CD7 (6.66%) found in our study. Tien HF et al reported that in B-cell marker (7.5% cases) and Tcell marker (16.8% cases) may be present in case of AML.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

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Immunophenotypic Characterization of Childhood Acute Leukaemia in A Tertiary Care Center of Bangladesh

Ferdousi,

Md Moslem,

Nahar

et al. 2023

Dhaka Shishu (Child) Hosp. J.

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Background: Leukemia is one of the most common tumors in children. Childhood acute leukaemia (AL) is a heterogenous disease. Immunophenotyping is an essential part of the modern diagnostic workup/for typing and subtyping and prognostic stratification of AL and thus for an appropriate treatment of these complex and heterogeneous diseases. Objectives: Objective of this study was to find immunophenotypic charectarization of childhood acute leukemia in children of Bangladesh. There is very limited study done on this subject in our country. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study done in children with acute leukemia under 15 years of age, treated in two tertiary care centers for Paediatric Oncology [Combined Military Hospital Dhaka and Ahsania Mission Cancer Hospital, Mirpur, Dhaka]. Data were collected from hospital registry from 2014 to 2020 and then analyzed. Results: Total study population were 82; among them male 55%, female 45% and M:F 1:0.82. Most common age group was <5 years age with 55% patients. Disease distribution showed 77% patients had ALL and 23% AML. Among ALL, subtype distribution showed B-cell type 90.5% T-cell type 9.5%. A good number of patients did Immuno-phenotyping analaysis before starting chemotherapy, 68 out of 82 acute leukemia patients (83%). In case of B-ALL highest expression of antigen was CD19 (90%) followed by CD10 (76%), HLADR (76%), CD22 (74%), CD79a (68%), TdT (56%) and CD34 (48%). co-expression of CD10/19was seen in 38% cases. Even in 13% cases, expression of myeloid marker CD13 (14%) and T cell marker CD5 (2%) were seen. In case of T-ALL there was 100% expression of CD3. Expression of other antigen CD4, CD5, CD7, CD45, TdT was 33.33% in each. Expression of CD10, CD1a, CD2 and TCRAb also found 33.33% in each. In case of AML highest expression was MPO (93.24%) followed by CD33 (86.58%), CD13 (79.92%), CD117 (73.26%), CD45 (66%), HLADR (46.62%) and CD64 (46.62%). There was 6.66% aberrant expression of B cell marker CD19 and and T-cell marker CD3 (6.66%), CD5 (6.66%) and CD7 (6.66%). Conclusion: In this study we found in case of B-ALL there was maximum expression was CD19 (90%), 2% aberrant expression of T-ALL marker CD5 and 14% aberrant expression of myeloid marker CD13 were present. In case of T-ALL maximum expression was CD3 (100%). In case of AML there was maximum expression of MPO (93%) and CD33 (87%) along with aberrant expression of B cell marker CD19 (6.66%) and 6.66% of each T cell marker CD3, CD5 and CD7 were present. DS (Child) H J 2022; 38(2): 96-102

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Immunophenotypic Characterization of Childhood Acute Leukaemia in A Tertiary Care Center of Bangladesh

Ferdousi,

Md Moslem,

Nahar

et al. 2023

Dhaka Shishu (Child) Hosp. J.

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“…In two studies, the frequency of TDT-negative among a series of B-ALL ranged between 2.5 and 11%, where it was evaluated by both FC and immunohistochemistry (IHC). 2 4 5 Another larger study of 917 patients demonstrated a TDT-negative rate of 2.3%, which was examined by FC only. 6 The authors found that TDT-negative patients tended to be younger, had high WBC count, and carried KMT2A-r mutation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PAX5 and TDT-Negative B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with Unusual Genetic Mutations: A Case Report

et al. 2022

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B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is commonly encountered in clinical practice. Patients present with increased percentage of lymphoblasts in bone marrow and/or peripheral blood. Immunophenotypic study by flow cytometry or immunohistochemistry is essential to establish the diagnosis. Paired box-5 (PAX5) is a B cell lineage protein and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TDT) is an immature marker, both of which are routinely tested in the pathologic workup of acute leukemia. In this report, we describe a case of B-ALL in a 37-year-old woman in which both PAX5 and TDT were negative. Next-generation sequencing test detected mutations in DNA methyltransferase 3 α and Fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 3 genes, which are frequently mutated in acute myeloid leukemia rather than B-ALL. The constellation of these rare findings in a single case signifies the importance of examining a wide panel of markers when the diagnosis of ALL is suspected.

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“…The most common childhood cancer is acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), with 80-85% of cases coming from the B lineage. 1 , 2 Childhood B lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) usually has a good prognosis, with a cure rate approaching 90% in high-income countries. 3 , 4 This improvement in outcome is a result of appropriate risk stratification, the introduction of risk-adjusted treatment protocols, and better supportive care.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome-1 abnormalities in Childhood B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia – An analysis with reference to clinical variables and survival outcome

Mansoor,

Rafiq,

Jamal

et al. 2023

Pak J Med Sci

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Background: Chromosome-1 abnormalities (C1As) are common genetic aberrations in hematological malignancies. We sought to evaluate significance of these abnormalities with reference to clinical characteristics and survival outcome in a pediatric B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL) cohort. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in cytogenetic section of Indus Hospital and Health Network. Data was retrieved from October 2020 to July 2022 for childhood B-ALL cases exhibiting C1As. Chromosome analysis was performed on Cytovision MB8 using G-banded metaphases derived from unstimulated bone marrow culture. Results were recorded according to the International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (ISCN-2020). Data analyzed using SPSS, version 24.0. Results: C1As were observed in 60/450 (13.3%) cases of B-ALL. Among C1As, 29 (48%) cases had t(1;19). There were 13 (45%) balanced and 16 (55%) unbalanced translocations. The aberrations without t(1;19) were seen in 31 (52%) cases including 1q duplication with hyperdiploidy in 14 (45%) cases. The median age for C1As with and without t(1;19) was eight years and six years while the median leukocyte count was 32 x 109/L vs. 17 x 109/L. Event-free survival (EFS) for cases with and without t(1;19) was 69% and 74.2% respectively. Conclusion: Despite the fact that the t(1;19) positive group had a higher median age, a higher white cell count and more CNS positives, the difference in EFS is statistically insignificant when compared to the t(1;19) negative cases. Furthermore, we found a survival difference between balanced and unbalanced t(1;19) groups, which is statistically insignificant but warrants large-scale prospective studies for further understanding. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.2(ICON).8946 How to cite this: Mansoor N, Rafiq N, Jamal S, Ehsan A. Chromosome-1 abnormalities in Childhood B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia – An analysis with reference to clinical variables and survival outcome. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(2):S47-S52. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.2(ICON).8946 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Distribution of subtypes and immunophenotypic characterization of 1379 cases of paediatric acute leukaemia

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Immunophenotypic Characterization of Childhood Acute Leukaemia in A Tertiary Care Center of Bangladesh

Immunophenotypic Characterization of Childhood Acute Leukaemia in A Tertiary Care Center of Bangladesh

PAX5 and TDT-Negative B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with Unusual Genetic Mutations: A Case Report

Chromosome-1 abnormalities in Childhood B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia – An analysis with reference to clinical variables and survival outcome

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