Distribution of the neurokinin‐1 receptor in equine intestinal smooth muscle

Solinger, N.; Sonea, Ioana M.

doi:10.2746/042516408x278184

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Intestinal disturbance also characterized by altered motility patterns such as anterior enteritis, and colonic impaction [6]. Colic is the single most common and serious equine emergency recognized nationally and internationally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Major Causes of Equine Colic at the Donkey Sanctuary and SPANA Clinic in Bishoftu Town

Tadesse¹,

Abera²

2018

J Vet Sci Technol

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A case series study was conducted between December 2009 and April 2010 at the donkey sanctuary and SPANA clinics in Bishoftu town to determine the major causes of equine colic. During the study period a total of 121 (9.1%) episodes of colic were recorded in a population of 1336 equine (800 horses, 500 donkeys and 36 mules). From the total cases 93 (11.6%) and 28 (5.6%) were horses and donkeys, respectively. No mule was observed with colic problem. The proportion of colic cases in horses was significantly (p= 0.0003) higher than that of donkeys. The major risk factors found associated with colic were feed change, parasite infestation and poor deworming history, enteroliths, heavy work, age and dental abnormalities (P<0.05) in the cases. Physical and clinical examination of the colic cases showed elevated respiratory and pulse rates, congested mucous membrane, increased mean of PVC-value, decreased appetite, abdominal distension, poor body condition, intermittent and continuous abdominal pain and dullness. Donkey were more commonly affected with impaction colic (78.6%) and less commonly with flatulent colic (21.4%). The most important colic identified in horses was spasmodic colic (66.7%) followed by impaction colic (25.8%) and undefined colic (7.6%). In conclusion, improving feeding management, implementing parasite control strategies and raising the awareness of the owners of equids are needed in order to prevent the impact of the diseases on equine production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Major Causes of Equine Colic at the Donkey Sanctuary and SPANA Clinic in Bishoftu Town

Tadesse¹,

Abera²

2018

J Vet Sci Technol

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“…Given limited cDNA and financial restrictions the use of ACTB was considered an acceptable 'housekeeping' gene. Furthermore, recent publications suggest ACTB would be an appropriate housekeeping gene for equine intestine (Solinger and Sonea, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of c-kit gene expression and c-Kit immunoreactivity in horses with and without obstructive intestinal disease

Fintl

Pearson

Mayhew

et al. 2010

The Veterinary Journal

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Previous immunohistochemical studies targeting the receptor tyrosine kinase (c-Kit) have demonstrated an apparent reduction in the number of gastrointestinal pacemaker cells--the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC)--in horses with intestinal motility disorders. This study compared the level of transcription of the c-kit gene encoding this receptor in horses with and without such motility disorders. Transcription levels of this gene were also compared to the density of ICC immunohistochemically positive for the c-Kit antigen. Intestinal samples were collected from 18 horses with intestinal disease and from 15 control animals. Following gene extraction and identification, real-time quantitative analysis of c-kit and a control gene, ACTB (β-actin), was carried out on all samples and the density of the c-Kit-positive ICC compared. There was a significant reduction in c-Kit immunoreactivity in the ICC of horses with large intestinal obstructive disorders relative to controls but no significant difference in the transcription of the c-kit gene between normal and affected animals. Further studies will be required to elucidate the mechanisms regulating c-Kit expression and to assess the pathophysiological significance of these findings.

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“…The absence of primer-dimer compounds was also verified in this way. The NK2 and NK3 primers designed for this study, which were based on bovine NK2 and NK3 sequences, as well as the housekeeping gene β-actin and NK1 receptor sequences previously determined [19] are presented in Table 1. .…”

Section: Generation Of Pcr Product With Nk2 and Nk3 Primersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies have evaluated SP immunoreactivity [15][16][17]. One study examined the distribution of NK receptors in the pelvic flexure [18] and another quantified NK1 receptors but not NK2 or 3 receptors in all regions of the intestinal tract [19]. A positive contractile effect to NKA and NKB was observed in the equine duodenum and the ileum, with circular muscle being more responsive than longitudinal [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Neurokinin 2 and 3 Receptor mRNA In the Normal Equine Gastrointestinal Tract and Effect of Inflammation on Neurokinin 1, 2, And 3 Receptor mRNA In the Equine Jejunum.

2020

gjvcr

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Objectives – To quantify neurokinin 2 and 3 receptor mRNA from nine regions throughout the equine intestinal tract, and to evaluate the effect of jejunal ischemia/reperfusion and intraluminal obstruction on neurokinin 1, 2, and 3 receptor mRNA. Methods – Specimens were harvested from 5 adult horses euthanized for reasons unrelated to gastrointestinal disease for the study of normal distribution of neurokinin receptor mRNA. Jejunal segments from 6 healthy adult horses subjected to intraluminal distension or ischemia/reperfusion injury were harvested to study the influence of inflammation on neurokinin 1, 2, and 3 receptor mRNA expression. RNA was isolated from normal tissues and also from tissues that underwent either a sham operation (control), 60 minutes of ischemia followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion (ISO), or 120 minutes of intraluminal distension (ILD) as part of an inflammatory model. RNA was reverse transcribed into cDNA. NK2 and NK3 primers were designed and mRNA was quantified using real-time PCR for all experimental groups. Results – Expression of NK2 receptor mRNA was highest for the duodenum and the body of the cecum. NK3 mRNA expression had high variability. In the inflammatory model, no statistical significant difference was noted between treatment groups for NK1 or NK3 receptor mRNA. NK2 receptor mRNA expression was significantly decreased for ILD when compared to control. Conclusions –The description of neurokinin receptor mRNA distribution throughout the equine intestinal tract is an important initial step towards determining potential clinical applications of tachykinin agonists and antagonists, as well as their role in gastrointestinal ischemia/reperfusion and intraluminal obstruction injury.

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Distribution of the neurokinin‐1 receptor in equine intestinal smooth muscle

Abstract: Tachykinins probably affect intestinal contractility and propulsion in the proximal small intestine and in the ventral colon.

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Study on Major Causes of Equine Colic at the Donkey Sanctuary and SPANA Clinic in Bishoftu Town

Study on Major Causes of Equine Colic at the Donkey Sanctuary and SPANA Clinic in Bishoftu Town

Comparative analysis of c-kit gene expression and c-Kit immunoreactivity in horses with and without obstructive intestinal disease

Distribution of Neurokinin 2 and 3 Receptor mRNA In the Normal Equine Gastrointestinal Tract and Effect of Inflammation on Neurokinin 1, 2, And 3 Receptor mRNA In the Equine Jejunum.

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