Distribution of the species of Achromobacter in a French Cystic Fibrosis Centre and multilocus sequence typing analysis reveal the predominance of A. xylosoxidans and clonal relationships between some clinical and environmental isolates

Amoureux, Lucie; Bador, Julien; Zouak, Fatma Bounoua; Chapuis, Angélique; Curraize, Claire de; Neuwirth, Catherine

doi:10.1016/j.jcf.2015.12.009

Cited by 38 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…A similar diversity was observed in the USA (14 different Achromobacter species and genogroups from 341 CF patients) [15], in Spain (six different species and genogroups from 14 CF patients) [16], in the UK (12 species and genogroups from 96 CF patients) [17] and in France (11 species and genogroups from 47 CF patients) [18]. In congruence with these studies, A. xylosoxidans was the Achromobacter sp.…”

supporting

confidence: 79%

Prevalence and species distribution of Achromobacter sp. cultured from cystic fibrosis patients attending the Aarhus centre in Denmark

Gade

Nørskov‐Lauritsen

Ridderberg

2017

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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supporting

confidence: 79%

Prevalence and species distribution of Achromobacter sp. cultured from cystic fibrosis patients attending the Aarhus centre in Denmark

Gade

Nørskov‐Lauritsen

Ridderberg

2017

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Biofilm production in A. xylosoxidans was previously found to be significantly associated with CF patient infections (9). It may also facilitate horizontal gene transfer between bacteria, promoting the spread of antimicrobial resistance (9,34), which may provide a differential adaptive stability in the environment and airways to establish chronic infection (5,24,35). We found that A. xylosoxidans demonstrated increased biofilm biomass production compared to that of other species (A. insuavis and A. dolens).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Studies have attributed persistent Achromobacter infections predominantly to A. xylosoxidans (2,11,12,18), with a few exceptions, including A. insuavis and A. dolens (5,6). We now know that this may represent a broader species distribution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Prevalence and Outcomes of Achromobacter Species Infections in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: a North American Cohort Study

et al. 2017

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Achromobacter species are increasingly being detected in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, with an unclear epidemiology and impact. We studied a cohort of patients attending a Canadian adult CF clinic who had positive sputum cultures for Achromobacter species in the period from 1984 to 2013. Infection was categorized as transient or persistent (Ն50% positive cultures for 1 year). Those with persistent infection were matched 2:1 with age-, sex-, and time-matched controls without a history of Achromobacter infection, and mixed-effects models were used to assess pulmonary exacerbation (PEx) frequency and lung function decline. Isolates from a biobank were retrospectively assessed, identified to the species level by nrdA sequencing, and genotyped using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Thirty-four patients (11% of those in our clinic), with a median age of 24 years (interquartile range [IQR], 20.3 to 29.8 years), developed Achromobacter infection. Ten patients (29%) developed persistent infection. Persistence did not denote permanence, as most patients ultimately cleared infection, often after years. Patients were more likely to experience PEx at incident isolation than at prior or subsequent visits (odds ratio [OR], 2.7 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.2 to 6.7]; P ϭ 0.03). Following persistent infection, there was no difference in annual lung function decline (Ϫ1.08% [95% CI, Ϫ2.73 to 0.57%] versus Ϫ2.74% [95% CI, Ϫ4.02 to 1.46%]; P ϭ 0.12) or the odds of PEx (OR, 1.21 [95% CI, 0.45 to 3.28]; P ϭ 0.70). Differential virulence among Achromobacter species was not observed, and no cases of transmission occurred. We demonstrated that incident Achromobacter infection was associated with a greater risk of PEx; however, neither transient nor chronic infection was associated with a worsened long-term prognosis. Large, multicenter studies are needed to clarify the clinical impact, natural history, and transmissibility of Achromobacter.

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“…Of note, the species A. mucicolens and A. animicus were until then isolated from human samples only. Most species identified from the domestic environment in our study were considered minor CF-associated species in several studies (8,(26)(27)(28). For example, A. mucicolens, a species described in 2013 on the basis of five human clinical isolates, including one from CF sputum (29), and currently only scarcely reported for CF, was the major species identified in domestic environments in this study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 49%

Chronic Airway Colonization by Achromobacter xylosoxidans in Cystic Fibrosis Patients Is Not Sustained by Their Domestic Environment

Dupont

Jumas‐Bilak

Doisy

et al. 2018

Appl Environ Microbiol

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spp. are nonfermentative Gram-negative bacilli considered emergent pathogens in cystic fibrosis (CF). Although some cross-transmission events between CF patients have been described, strains were mostly patient specific, suggesting sporadic acquisitions from nonhuman reservoirs. However, sources of these emergent CF pathogens remain unknown. A large collection of specimens ( = 273) was sampled in the homes of 3 CF patients chronically colonized by with the aim of evaluating the potential role of domestic reservoirs in sustaining airway colonization of the patients. Samples were screened for the presence of by using genus-specific molecular detection. Species identification, multilocus genotypes, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns observed for environmental isolates were compared with those of clinical strains. Patient homes hosted a high diversity of species ( = 7), including and, two species previously isolated from human samples only, and genotypes ( = 15), all showing an overall susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. strains were mostly isolated from indoor moist environments and siphons, which are potential reservoirs for several CF emerging pathogens., the worldwide prevalent species colonizing CF patients, was not the major species inhabiting domestic environments. genotypes chronically colonizing the patients were not detected in their household environments. These results support the notions that the domestic environment could not be incriminated in sustained patient colonization and that after initial colonization, the environmental survival of clones adapted to the CF airways is probably impaired. spp. are worldwide emerging opportunistic pathogens in CF patients, able to chronically colonize the respiratory tract. Apart from regular consultations at the hospital CF center, patients spend most of their time at home. Colonization from nonhuman sources has been suggested, but the presence of spp. in CF patients' homes has not been explored. The domestic environments of CF patients chronically colonized by , especially wet environments, host several opportunistic pathogens, including a large diversity of species and genotypes. However, genotypes colonizing the patients were not detected in their domestic environments, making it unlikely that a shuttle between environment and CF airways is involved in persisting colonization. This also suggests that once the bacteria have adapted to the respiratory tract, their survival in the domestic environment is presumably impaired. Nevertheless, measures for reducing domestic patient exposure should be targeted on evacuation drains, which are frequently contaminated by CF opportunistic pathogens.

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Distribution of the species of Achromobacter in a French Cystic Fibrosis Centre and multilocus sequence typing analysis reveal the predominance of A. xylosoxidans and clonal relationships between some clinical and environmental isolates

Cited by 38 publications

References 28 publications

Prevalence and species distribution of Achromobacter sp. cultured from cystic fibrosis patients attending the Aarhus centre in Denmark

Prevalence and species distribution of Achromobacter sp. cultured from cystic fibrosis patients attending the Aarhus centre in Denmark

Prevalence and Outcomes of Achromobacter Species Infections in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: a North American Cohort Study

Chronic Airway Colonization by Achromobacter xylosoxidans in Cystic Fibrosis Patients Is Not Sustained by Their Domestic Environment

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