Distribution of the ten known laminin chains in the pathways and targets of developing sensory axons

Lentz, Stephen I.; Miner, Jeffrey H.; Sanes, Joshua R.; Snider, William D.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19970224)378:4<547::aid-cne9>3.0.co;2-2

Cited by 62 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The myogenin, MyoD, and desmin probes were described previously (14). The probes for the laminin-␣1 and laminin-␣2 chains also were described previously (15). The amounts of loaded RNA were normalized by subsequent hybridization with the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase probe.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle Regeneration and Myogenic Differentiation Defects in Mice Lacking TIS7

Vadivelu

Kurzbauer

Dieplinger

et al. 2004

Molecular and Cellular Biology

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The tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate-induced sequence 7 gene (tis7) is regulated during cell fate processes and functions as a transcriptional coregulator. Here, we describe the generation and analysis of mice lacking the tis7 gene. Surprisingly, TIS7 knockout mice show no gross histological abnormalities and are fertile. Disruption of the tis7 gene by homologous recombination delayed muscle regeneration and altered the isometric contractile properties of skeletal muscles after muscle crush damage in TIS7 ؊/؊ mice. Cultured primary myogenic satellite cells (MSCs) from TIS7 ؊/؊ mice displayed marked reductions in differentiation potential and fusion index in a strictly cell-autonomous fashion. Loss of TIS7 caused the down-regulation of musclespecific genes, such as those for MyoD, myogenin, and laminin-␣2. Fusion potential in TIS7 ؊/؊ MSCs could be rescued by TIS7 expression or laminin supplementation. Therefore, TIS7 is not essential for mouse development but plays a novel regulatory role during adult muscle regeneration.Cell proliferation and differentiation are governed by different stimuli, including soluble growth factors, the extracellular matrix (1, 12), and direct cell-cell interactions (8). While each of these signals uniquely regulates mitogenic responses and gene activity, the proliferation, differentiation, or apoptosis of a cell is an integrated response to its adhesive and growth factor environments (18,19).The mouse tis7 (PC4) gene was identified as an immediateearly gene specifically induced by tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate, epidermal growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor in Swiss 3T3 mouse cells and cultured rat astrocytes (2, 20). Vietor et al. showed previously that TIS7 is up-regulated after c-Jun activation in epithelial cells, translocates into the nucleus, and acts as a transcriptional coregulator (22). TIS7 can interact with mSin3B and histone deacetylase (HDAC) 1 as well as other members of the HDAC complex and is capable of specific transcriptional repression in an HDAC-dependent manner (22).TIS7 was shown to be expressed in C2C12 myoblasts and in differentiated myotubes, with a transient decrease after the onset of differentiation (7). In vitro studies with C2C12 myoblasts and antisense tis7 DNA transfection or microinjection of anti-TIS7 polyclonal antibodies caused a delay in myoblast differentiation (7). To define the essential functions of TIS7 in vivo, we have generated mice lacking a functional tis7 gene by homologous recombination. TIS7 Ϫ/Ϫ mice are viable and fertile but develop an interesting muscle regeneration phenotype upon muscle crush damage (MCD). In addition, we identified several myoblast-specific genes involved in muscle regeneration as being regulated by TIS7. This phenotype can be recapitulated in vitro in TIS7Ϫ/Ϫ primary myogenic satellite cell (MSC) cultures and is characterized by an almost complete absence of fusion-competent MSCs. In addition, we identified several myoblast-specific genes involved in satellite cell function as being regulated by TIS7. These d...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle Regeneration and Myogenic Differentiation Defects in Mice Lacking TIS7

Vadivelu

Kurzbauer

Dieplinger

et al. 2004

Molecular and Cellular Biology

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“…In the tissues studied, the ␣4-and ␣5-chains co-localized with the either the ␤1-or the ␤2-chain and the ␥1-chain. Expression patterns of isoforms containing ␣4 and ␣5, as well as other laminin isoforms, in the peripheral nervous system and the spinal cord are reviewed by Lentz et al (1997). Overall, ␣5 has a widespread distribution in adult tissues and might replace ␣1 either in endothelium or in epithelium, which lack ␣1.…”

Section: New Additions To the Laminin Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

Still More Complexity in Mammalian Basement Membranes

Erickson

Couchman

2000

J Histochem Cytochem.

269

193

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At the epithelial/mesenchymal interface of most tissues lies the basement membrane (BM). These thin sheets of highly specialized extracellular matrix vary in composition in a tissue-specific manner, and during development and repair. For about two decades it has been apparent that all BMs contain laminins, entactin-1/nidogen-1, Type IV collagen, and proteoglycans. However, within the past few years this complexity has increased as new components are described. The entactin/nidogen (E/N) family has expanded with the recent description of a new isoform, E/N-2/osteonidogen. Agrin and Type XVIII collagen have been reclassified as heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), expanding the repertoire of HSPGs in the BM. The laminin family has become more diverse as new α-chains have been characterized, increasing the number of laminin isoforms. Interactions between BM components are now appreciated to be regulated through multiple, mostly domain-specific mechanisms. Understanding the functions of individual BM components and their assembly into macromolecular complexes is a considerable challenge that may increase as further BM and cell surface ligands are discovered for these proteins.

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“…35 S-labeled riboprobes were prepared from linearized cDNA templates for in situ hybridization of MLE-15 cells as described previously (25). MLE-15 cells were cultured on glass slides until near confluence, serum deprived for 1 day, treated with TGF-␤ for 1 day, and fixed in methanol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laminin α-chain expression and basement membrane formation by MLE-15 respiratory epithelial cells

Nguyen

Bai

Mochitate

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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-Basement membranes have a critical role in alveolar structure and function. Alveolar type II cells make basement membrane constituents, including laminin, but relatively little is known about the production of basement membrane proteins by murine alveolar type II cells and a convenient system is not available to study basement membrane production by murine alveolar type II cells. To facilitate study of basement membrane production, with particular focus on laminin chains, we examined transformed murine distal respiratory epithelial cells (MLE-15), which have many structural and biochemical features of alveolar type II cells. We found that MLE-15 cells produce laminin-␣5, a trace amount of laminin-␣3, laminins-␤1 and -␥1, type IV collagen, and perlecan. Transforming growth factor-␤1 significantly induces expression of laminin-␣1. When grown on a fibroblast-embedded collagen gel, MLE-15 cells assemble a basement membrane-like layer containing laminin-␣5. These findings indicate that MLE-15 cells will be useful in modeling basement membrane production and assembly by alveolar type II cells. murine alveolar type II cells; transforming growth factor-␤; extracellular matrix BASEMENT MEMBRANES ARE THIN sheets of extracellular matrix that serve as a structural support for cells. They also act as a selective barrier to various solutes and affect cell properties, including proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and migration (for review, see Ref. 6). The major components of basement membranes are laminins, type IV collagens, entactins (nidogens), and perlecan. Basement membrane composition varies between tissues and even in the same tissue at different stages of development. Laminins contribute to the diversity of basement membranes. Laminins are a family of heterotrimeric glycoproteins in which each member contains an ␣-, ␤-, and ␥-chain. To date, five ␣-, three ␤-, and three ␥-chains forming 15 laminin isoforms have been described. Laminin-␥3 is the most recently described (23) laminin chain and is the only laminin chain that is not found in basement membranes. In the current model, basement membrane assembly occurs via linking of a type IV collagen network with a laminin network by entactin (41).In the lung, alveolar type I and alveolar type II cells rest on a continuous basement membrane; however, the composition of the basement membrane under both cell types is not the same. Differences exist in the location of basement membrane anionic sites beneath alveolar type I and type II cells (34). Subsets of alveolar type II cells have localized interruptions or discontinuities of the basement membrane where cytoplasmic processes extend and contact or closely approximate interstitial fibroblasts and extracellular matrix, whereas the basement membrane beneath type I cells does not (5).The alveolar epithelial basement membrane is complex in composition and undergoes changes during development. Recent studies (29, 30) highlight the variability of laminin ␣-chain expression in the lung. Laminin-␣1 and -␣2 are present in fet...

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Distribution of the ten known laminin chains in the pathways and targets of developing sensory axons

Cited by 62 publications

References 79 publications

Muscle Regeneration and Myogenic Differentiation Defects in Mice Lacking TIS7

Muscle Regeneration and Myogenic Differentiation Defects in Mice Lacking TIS7

Still More Complexity in Mammalian Basement Membranes

Laminin α-chain expression and basement membrane formation by MLE-15 respiratory epithelial cells

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