Distribution of the tensor of the vastus intermedius

Abstract

The tensor of the vastus intermedius (TVI) was first described by originates from the anteroinferior greater trochanter and inserts into the upper patella and receives blood and nerves independently of other muscles. It has been overlooked, but since micro-surgery and detailed rehabilitation treatments are being developed, more research on it is warranted. Here we report on the TVI in a Korean cadaveric

Unveiling the Tensor Vastus Intermedius – A distinct anatomical phenomenon or a standard variation? A comparative analysis of comprehensive literature and original cadaveric studies

“…The body of research on the tensor vastus intermedius (TVI), a relatively under-explored fith head of the quadriceps femoris muscle, presents significant information yet remains fragmented and inconsistently categorized. Studies encompassing large sample sizes (exceeding 50 cadavers) exhibit a broad range in the reported prevalence of the TVI, with findings varying dramatically from 34% [15] to a full 100% [6,10]. This wide discrepancy highlights the need for more rigorous and standardized methodological approaches in future research.…”

“…The second challenge lies in discrepancies in anatomical descriptions. While some researchers focus exclusively on the muscle portion of TVI, other authors [15,16] emphasize the need to consider both muscle and tendon parts for a more comprehensive understanding.…”

“…Dimensional measurements of TVI, including muscle and tendon sizes, have been largely overlooked. These measurements are crucial for understanding the functional implications of TVI variations, as indicated by Hyeng-Kyu Park [15]. Detailed and standardized measurements across various types of TVI will contribute to a better understanding of its biomechanical role and potential clinical significance.…”

“…detailing gender-specific incidence, unilateral and bilateral occurrences, and TVI type distribution[15]. Bonnechère's dissection of 10 cadavers paralleled Park's methodology, focusing on gender-specific and unilateral/bilateral prevalence of TVI, and also considering QF in triceps form[16].…”