Distribution of Typical Taste and Odor Compounds and Possible Formation of 2,4,6-Trichloroanisole in Drinking Water Treatment Plants

Qu, Zhipeng; Li, Bin; Li, Haipu; Zhang, Ting; Yang, Zhaoguang

doi:10.1007/s11270-017-3474-6

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Taste and odor (T&O) compounds occurring in natural waters released by algal and other microbial species, such as diatoms and bacteria, cause serious problems for water utilities (Agus et al, 2011; Andreadakis et al, 2010; Bai et al, 2017; Graham et al, 2010; Peter & Von Gunten, 2007). These compounds often impart unpleasant taste and odor to the water, creating public concern about water quality and negatively impact their confidence in the water quality (Li et al, 2016; Zamyadi, Henderson, et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatability of 18 taste and odor compounds in drinking water using oxidation

et al. 2023

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The occurrence of taste and odor (T&O) compounds in drinking water can lead to public concern about quality when left unaddressed, therefore suitable treatment is needed. This study evaluated the treatability of 18 T&O compounds using chlorine, permanganate, and ozone in MilliQ and river water. Nine T&O compounds showed complete oxidation (>99% removal) in all water matrices by ozone. Most of the remaining T&O compounds were removed to >50% by ozone. Alkalinity, pH, and natural organic matter (NOM) had a significant impact on the decay of ozone. Chlorine and permanganate were ineffective (removal <30%) for 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB), geosmin, hexanal, pyrazines, and haloanisoles. Although chlorine achieved complete removal for alkyl sulfides and indole, it was only partially effective for aldehydes and ketones. Permanganate was more effective than chlorine in oxidizing unsaturated aldehydes and ketones. Increased NOM and pH reduced oxidation effectiveness for chlorine, but not permanganate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatability of 18 taste and odor compounds in drinking water using oxidation

et al. 2023

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“…Taste and odor (T&O) compounds can be released from natural sources, such as algae, cyanobacteria, and other phytoplankton; from anthropogenic sources, such as industrial and wastewater effluents; or during treatment (Agus et al, 2011; Andreadakis et al, 2010; Bai et al, 2017; Graham et al, 2010; Peter & Von Gunten, 2007). T&O compounds alter the characteristics of drinking water, such as smell and taste, making the water unpleasant to drink, and are not always effectively removed during conventional treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Activated carbon has been an effective treatment for many organic T&O compounds when applied as either powdered activated carbon (PAC) or granular activated carbon (GAC) capped filters or post‐filter contactors (Najm et al, 1991; Srinivasan & Sorial, 2011). The commonly used oxidants, chlorine, chlorine dioxide and permanganate, are generally not effective in oxidizing 2‐MIB, geosmin, pyrazines, or anisoles (Antonopoulou et al, 2014; Bai et al, 2017; Li et al, 2016). Ozone can selectively oxidize some compounds containing unsaturated bonds, activated aromatic systems, and non‐protonated amines, but may require higher concentrations and/or longer reaction times as the kinetics of oxidation may be very slow for some of the compounds (Li et al, 2016; Peter & Von Gunten, 2007; von Gunten, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatability of 18 taste and odor compounds using powdered activated carbon in drinking water utilities

et al. 2022

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Taste and odor (T&O) compounds in source waters can enter drinking water utilities causing customer concerns about the water quality if not removed during treatment. While there has been extensive research on two common T&O compounds, 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) and geosmin, research on non-MIB/ geosmin compounds has been limited. This study evaluated the treatability of 16 non-MIB/geosmin compounds, 2-MIB, and geosmin using powdered activated carbon (PAC). Four types of PAC were tested: two bituminous-based, one lignite-based, and one wood-based PAC. Among the 18 compounds, PAC was effective for 15 compounds with at least 90% removal with typical PAC dosing, but was not suitable for dimethyl disulfide, ethyl methyl dioxolane, and cis-3-hexenol. The bituminous-based PACs showed greater removal with higher adsorption rates compared to the lignite-and wood-based PACs. The adsorption behavior of T&O compounds varied based on their physical and chemical characteristics, for example, hydrophobicity, and nature of functional groups.

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Geosmin reduction by algaecide application to drinking water: field scale efficacy and mechanistic insights

Hammond

Murri

Mastitsky³

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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Ten years of field data from an Oklahoma drinking water utility were analyzed for the effects of an acid-stabilized, ionic copper algaecide/bactericide called EarthTec on geosmin concentrations in the water traveling by pipeline from the source lake to a water treatment plant. The data show that geosmin already present in the raw water is reduced more during periods of applying algaecide than when not. Median reduction in geosmin concentration from pipe intake to pipe outfall by natural degradation without addition of algaecide was 5.6 ng/L removed (56.7% reduction) and improved to 126 ng/L removed (83% reduction) during periods the algaecide was being dosed at 1 μL/L, equivalent to 0.06 mg/L as copper. A laboratory study to replicate the phenomenon at bench-scale showed that either the algaecide itself or its copper-free acidic carrier can be used to depress pH and drive a reaction converting geosmin to an odorless dehydration product, argosmin. Algaecides intuitively reduce the organisms that produce geosmin, but this study shows that geosmin already present in the water is also being reduced through chemical conversion to the odorless argosmin, representing a novel means of geosmin removal in drinking water.

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Distribution of Typical Taste and Odor Compounds and Possible Formation of 2,4,6-Trichloroanisole in Drinking Water Treatment Plants

Cited by 7 publications

References 41 publications

Treatability of 18 taste and odor compounds in drinking water using oxidation

Treatability of 18 taste and odor compounds in drinking water using oxidation

Treatability of 18 taste and odor compounds using powdered activated carbon in drinking water utilities

Geosmin reduction by algaecide application to drinking water: field scale efficacy and mechanistic insights

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