Distribution of uronate residues in alginate chains in relation to alginate gelling properties — 2: Enrichment of β-d-mannuronic acid and depletion of α-l-guluronic acid in sol fraction

Stokke, Bjørn T.; Smidsrød, Olav; Zanetti, Flavio; Strand, Wenche Iren; Skjåk‐Bræk, Gudmund

doi:10.1016/0144-8617(93)90115-k

Cited by 66 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Therefore it is expected that the Wsep values are much higher than the ΔGbu, and this proves to be the case. This result reflects our current understanding that the minimum length of a stable junction zone is 8 guluronic acids, capable of complexing 4 Ca 2+ ions (Stokke et al, 1993) and so we identify the strong interaction observed for the 4-site oligoG as the eggbox junction zone. Candidates for the identity of the weaker interaction may be the 'tilted eggbox', formed at low ratios of Ca 2+ to G in alginates (Borgogna, Skjåk-Braek, Paoletti, & Donati, 2013) or the perpendicular junction involving 3 Ca 2+ ions identified by Stewart et al (Stewart, Gray, Vasiljevic, & Orbell, 2014) from molecular dynamics simulations.…”

Section: Distinguishing Single and Multiple Bond Rupture Eventssupporting

confidence: 56%

Single molecule investigation of the onset and minimum size of the calcium-mediated junction zone in alginate

Bowman

Aarstad

Nakamura

et al. 2016

Carbohydrate Polymers

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Section: Distinguishing Single and Multiple Bond Rupture Eventssupporting

confidence: 56%

Single molecule investigation of the onset and minimum size of the calcium-mediated junction zone in alginate

Bowman

Aarstad

Nakamura

et al. 2016

Carbohydrate Polymers

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“…Measurement of the storage modulus in gels of exclusively S-Alg indicated a threshold in DS for the formation of stable crosslinks by gelation with CaCO 3 . Previous studies have shown that the number of consecutive guluronate units required for stable junction zones is approximately 8 for calcium alginate gels (Stokke et al, 1993). As the sulphation follows a random pattern, sequences of nonsulphated monosaccharides able to form stable cross-links Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomimetic sulphated alginate hydrogels suppress IL-1β-induced inflammatory responses in human chondrocytes

Arlov¹,

Öztürk²,

Steinwachs³

et al. 2017

eCM

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Loss of articular cartilage from ageing, injury or degenerative disease is commonly associated with inflammation, causing pain and accelerating degradation of the cartilage matrix. Sulphated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are involved in the regulation of immune responses in vivo, and analogous polysaccharides are currently being evaluated for tissue engineering matrices to form a biomimetic environment promoting tissue growth while suppressing inflammatory and catabolic activities. Here, we characterise physical properties of sulphated alginate (S-Alg) gels for use in cartilage engineering scaffolds, and study their anti-inflammatory effects on encapsulated chondrocytes stimulated with IL-1β. Sulphation resulted in decreased storage modulus and increased swelling of alginate gels, whereas mixing highly sulphated alginate with unmodified alginate resulted in improved mechanical properties compared to gels from pure S-Alg. S-Alg gels showed extensive anti-inflammatory and anti-catabolic effects on encapsulated chondrocytes induced by IL-1β. Cytokine-stimulated gene expression of pro-inflammatory markers IL-6, IL-8, COX-2 and aggrecanase ADAMTS-5 were significantly lower in the sulphated gels compared to unmodified alginate gels. Moreover, sulphation of the microenvironment suppressed the protein expression of COX-2 and NF-κB as well as the activation of NF-κB and p38-MAPK. The sulphated alginate matrices were found to interact with IL-1β, and proposed to inhibit inflammatory induction by sequestering cytokines from their receptors. This study shows promising potential for sulphated alginates in biomimetic tissue engineering scaffolds, by reducing cytokine-mediated inflammation and providing a protective microenvironment for encapsulated cells.

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“…The ionotropic gelation basically depends on the ratio of a-L-guluronic acid (G) to b-D-mannuronic acid (M) [34][35][36].…”

Section: Alginatementioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharide-based aerogels as drug carriers

Mehling¹,

Смирнова²,

Guenther³

et al. 2009

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

277

168

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Distribution of uronate residues in alginate chains in relation to alginate gelling properties — 2: Enrichment of β-d-mannuronic acid and depletion of α-l-guluronic acid in sol fraction

Cited by 66 publications

References 13 publications

Single molecule investigation of the onset and minimum size of the calcium-mediated junction zone in alginate

Single molecule investigation of the onset and minimum size of the calcium-mediated junction zone in alginate

Biomimetic sulphated alginate hydrogels suppress IL-1β-induced inflammatory responses in human chondrocytes

Polysaccharide-based aerogels as drug carriers

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