Distribution System Planning With Reliability

Abstract

This paper presents a model for solving the multistage planning problem of a distribution network. The objective function to be minimized is the net present value of the investment cost to add, reinforce or replace feeders and substations, losses cost, and operation and maintenance cost. The model considers three levels of load in each node and two investment alternatives for each resource to be added, reinforced or replaced. The nonlinear objective function is approximated by a piecewise linear function, resulting in a mixed integer linear model that is solved using standard mathematical programming. The model allows us to find multiple solutions in addition to the optimal one, helping the decision maker to analyze and choose from a pool of solutions. In addition to the optimization problem, reliability indexes and associated costs are computed for each solution, based on the regulation model used in Brazil. Numerical results and discussion are presented for an illustrative 27-node test network.

A review of power distribution planning in the modern power systems era: Models, methods and future research

“…A multistage distribution expansion problem is formulated as a MILP problem that is solved by a branch-and-bound algorithm and/or standard commercial solvers [20,21,24,46]. An integral planning methodology of primary-secondary distribution systems is formulated and solved using MILP [6].…”

Optimal dynamic expansion planning of distribution systems considering non-renewable distributed generation using a new heuristic double-stage optimization solution approach

“…Finally, the distribution test systems that are publicly available, such as those used in this paper and the other research works in the area of distribution network's planning, e.g. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], have radial structure. All buses of the primary distribution system are considered as candidate locations for DG installation except slack bus (i.e.…”

“…However, non-renewable DGs, such as gas-operated generators, are considered in the proposed DDSEP model of this paper. In this context, it is assumed that natural gas resources are available all over the distribution system, which is a well-known assumption widely used in the other research works in the area, such as [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. DG units are modeled as negative PQ bus all over the distribution system with a fixed lagging power factor.…”

“…The mutation operator of (15) searches around the best solution of the HM using various difference vectors. As a result, besides the local search of (14), MIHS can effectively search the promising areas of the solution space using (15) and thus can benefit from higher exploitation capability for obtaining more optimal solutions compared to classical IHS.…”

“…Their model is solved using the combination of genetic algorithm (GA) and optimal power flow (OPF). In [15], a reliability-constrained multi-stage planning framework for expansion of distribution systems is presented. Their model includes the investment cost to replace/reinforce the feeders and substations, losses' cost, and operation and maintenance cost as the objectives.…”