We define an order polarity to be a polarity (X, Y, R) where X and Y are partially ordered, and we define an extension polarity to be a triple (e X , e Y , R) such that e X : P → X and e Y : P → Y are poset extensions and (X, Y, R) is an order polarity. We define a hierarchy of increasingly strong coherence conditions for extension polarities, each equivalent to the existence of a pre-order structure on X ∪ Y such that the natural embeddings, ι X and ι Y , of X and Y , respectively, into X ∪ Y preserve the order structures of X and Y in increasingly strict ways. We define a Galois polarity to be an extension polarity where e X and e Y are meet-and join-extensions respectively, and we show that for such polarities there is a unique pre-order on X ∪ Y such that ι X and ι Y satisfy particularly strong preservation properties. We define morphisms for polarities, providing the class of Galois polarities with the structure of a category, and we define an adjunction between this category and the category of ∆ 1 -completions and appropriate homomorphisms. We formalize the theory of extension polarities and prove a duality principle to the effect that if a statement is true for all extension polarities then so too must be its dual statement.