Disturbance and Resilience in Tropical American Palm Populations and Communities

Montúfar, Rommel; Anthelme, Fabien; Pintaud, Jean‐Christophe; Balslev, Henrik

doi:10.1007/s12229-011-9085-9

Cited by 49 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 202 publications

(256 reference statements)

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“…Reproductive resilience is emerging as a new conceptual model to assess the impacts of climate change on productivity in diverse species, such as arctic birds (Martin & Wiebe 2004), lemurs (Canale et al 2012), and palm trees (Montúfar et al 2011). In this study, we have integrated emerging understanding of reproductive processes, both in terms of spatio-temporal reproductive behavior and demographic effects (or the BOFFFF effect) with this concept to help quantify expected reproductive resilience to fishing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing reproductive resilience: an example with South Atlantic red snapper Lutjanus campechanus

Lowerre‐Barbieri¹,

Crabtree²,

Switzer³

et al. 2015

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We developed a conceptual model of reproductive resilience based on spatio-temporal diversity in spawning activity and the 'big old fat fecund female fish' effect, i.e., trends in reproductive traits with size and age. We chose red snapper Lutjanus campechanus as our case study, as this species is highly fecund, currently overfished, and long-lived (50+ yr). The intrinsic reproductive resilience of red snapper was assessed in terms of spawning site distribution, variability in time of spawning, and potential reproductive lifespan. To assess how age truncation might erode reproductive resilience, we evaluated the strength of the relationship between size and age and the following traits: spawning habitat, reproductive timing, batch fecundity, and egg quality. Few fish were older than 7 yr. Although younger fish occurred in a more restricted range of depths, there was no trend between size or age and depth. Spawning activity was well distributed over space and time, with actively spawning females collected at 92 of 195 sampling sites over an extended spawning season. Larger, older females exhibited longer spawning periods and higher batch fecundities, but neither greater spawning frequency nor egg dry weight. The ratio of the effective to predicted reproductive lifespan at maximum sustainable yield was 31%. Many parameters estimated in this study are common to fish reproductive studies, but we hope that integrating them into a reproductive resilience framework will help focus the need for research on the underlying relationships between reproductive traits and stock productivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing reproductive resilience: an example with South Atlantic red snapper Lutjanus campechanus

Lowerre‐Barbieri¹,

Crabtree²,

Switzer³

et al. 2015

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Palms are key species to the maintenance of frugivores because of high fruit production in periods of scarcity of other resources and the consumption by a wide variety of animals (Terborgh 1986;Genini et al 2009). Several palms from Brazilian Atlantic Forest have suffered the effects of forest fragmentation, selective harvest and loss of seed dispersers (reviewed in Montúfar et al 2011). However, little is known about recruitment and long-term persistence of these palms in small Atlantic Forest fragments (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive phenology, seed removal and early regeneration in relation to distance from parental plants of a native palm in small Atlantic forest fragments

Mariano

Christianini

2016

Acta Bot. Bras.

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Th e Brazilian Atlantic Forest is a global biodiversity hotspot, but most of what remains are small fragments. Small fragments are often harsh environments for forest plant recruitment due to edge eff ects and the loss of frugivorous animals that provide seed dispersal. We recorded the one-year reproductive phenology of the keystone palm Syagrus romanzoffi ana in small (<2.5ha) Atlantic Forest fragments in southeastern Brazil. We tested the Janzen-Connell hypothesis with seed-removal experiments and followed the fi ve-year survival of recruits in relation to the distance from parental plants. Palms produced many fruits throughout the year (mean 2,600/plant). More seedlings were found away from parental plants than near them, thereby supporting the Janzen-Connell hypothesis. Almost 45% of seedlings alive in 2010 were dead fi ve years later, but recruitment of new seedlings compensated for this mortality. Distance-dependent factors infl uenced the density of early ontogenetic stages, but had limited eff ects on juveniles or on seed removal. High seed production, seed dispersal provided by disturbance-tolerant frugivores and the relatively long-term survival of adults, seedlings and juveniles seem to allow the persistence of S. romanzoffi ana in the forest fragments, but possibly at the cost of an increased clumped distribution and reduced gene fl ow at the landscape scale.

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“…Deforestation and habitat fragmentation threaten the conservation of wild populations of wax palm [5,[10][11][12]. Clear cutting or selective logging generate microclimatic stress by changing local temperature and relative humidity [13], which in some species may exceed physiological limits and lead to the extinction of palm populations in deforested areas [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Leaf Harvest on Wax Palm (Ceroxylon Echinulatum Galeano) Growth, and Implications for Sustainable Management in Ecuador

Duarte

Montúfar

2012

Tropical Conservation Science

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The wax palm (Ceroxylon echinulatum) is an arborescent, dioecious and slow-growing palm distributed on Andean slopes at 1000-2000 m elevation in Ecuador and northern Peru. The leaves of wax palm have been traditionally harvested and used for the making of handicrafts during Easter celebrations. It has been suggested that removal of unexpanded leaves may be the main source of threat to the survival of the species. The goal of this work was to evaluate the impact of leaf removal on growth and development of C. echinulatum. Leaf production and growth were monitored in 60 young individuals divided into three treatments: T0 -control, T1-without damage to adjacent leaves; T2-with damage to adjacent leaves. Results from two years of observation reveal that leaf growth rate and the number of new leaves produced per individual are not adversely affected by this practice. Harvest treatments were equal or even higher than the control for both variables. Balance of leaf number in the crown (before and after the extraction) was negative in the harvest treatments, indicating a factor of unsustainability in the annual harvest management of the species. The results suggest that biennial harvesting of one young leaf per individual could be sustainable. An appropriate management strategy could be to distinguish young individual populations by marking palms with nine or more leaves in the crown in different quadrants of extraction, in order to perform rotational, biennial and monitored cropping.Key words: Arecaceae; cloud forest; leaf harvest; non-timber forest products. ResumenLa palma de ramos Ceroxylon echinulatum es una especie arborescente, dioica y de lento crecimiento presente en las estribaciones andinas de Ecuador y norte del Perú entre los 1000 a 2000 m snm. Las hojas jóvenes (cogollo o ramo) son utilizadas para la elaboración de artesanías durante las celebraciones en semana santa. Se ha sugerido que la extracción de hojas durante este periodo podría ser el principal motivo de amenaza a la sobrevivencia de la especie. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de la extracción de hojas en el crecimiento y desarrollo de C. echinulatum. La producción y el crecimiento de hojas nuevas fue monitoreada en 60 individuos jóvenes divididos en tres tratamientos: T0 -control, T1-corte del ramo sin daño de hoja adyacente, T2 -corte del ramo con daño de hoja adyacente. Resultados de dos años de observación revelan que el crecimiento foliar y el número de hojas nuevas producidas por individuo no fue negativamente afectado por la cosecha, presentando valores iguales o aún superiores al control para las dos variables. El balance de hojas en la corona (antes y después del inicio de la extracción) fue negativo en los tratamientos de cosecha, alertando la no sostenibilidad de la cosecha anual de los cogollos. Los resultados sugieren que la cosecha bianual de un ramo por individuo puede ser sostenible. Una estrategia de manejo apropiada sería la zonificación de poblaciones de individuos jóvenes en diferentes cuadrantes de e...

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Disturbance and Resilience in Tropical American Palm Populations and Communities

Cited by 49 publications

References 202 publications

Assessing reproductive resilience: an example with South Atlantic red snapper Lutjanus campechanus

Assessing reproductive resilience: an example with South Atlantic red snapper Lutjanus campechanus

Reproductive phenology, seed removal and early regeneration in relation to distance from parental plants of a native palm in small Atlantic forest fragments

Effect of Leaf Harvest on Wax Palm (Ceroxylon Echinulatum Galeano) Growth, and Implications for Sustainable Management in Ecuador

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