Disturbance of contralateral unipedal postural control after stimulated and voluntary contractions of the ipsilateral limb

Effect of unilateral knee extensor fatigue on force and balance of the contralateral limb

“…Some research has shown that local fatigue occurring in one limb can result in decreased force production in the homologous muscle (Martin and Rattey 2007;Halperin et al 2014a;Kawamoto et al 2014) as well as in heteronymous muscles (Takahashi et al 2011;Kennedy et al 2013;Halperin et al 2014b) of a non-fatigued limb. This crossover or non-local fatigue effect has been identified for upper (Humphry et al 2004;Halperin et al 2014a, b) and lower limbs (Rattey et al 2006;Martin and Rattey 2007;McLean and Samorezov 2009;Paillard et al 2010;Halperin et al 2014a, b). Despite this evidence of crossover fatigue, controversy about its existence remains with many studies being unable to confirm its occurrence (Zijdewind et al 1998;Grabiner and Owings 1999;Todd et al 2003;Regueme et al 2007;Strang et al 2009;Place et al 2004;Ross et al 2007Ross et al , 2010Elmer et al 2013;Halperin et al 2014a, b).…”

“…There is only one study that has examined such effects of unilateral fatigue (Paillard et al 2010). Paillard et al (2010) demonstrated crossover fatigue effects on balance reporting increased sway area of center of pressure (CoP), although no decrease in the non-fatigued quadriceps femoris maximum voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) was noted.…”

“…Although Paillard et al (2010) provided initial insight into the effects of unilateral fatigue on contralateral limb balance, it remains unknown whether the balance changes in the non-fatigued limb were due to alterations in quadriceps femoris function or whether the effects of the fatigue were more global, affecting the activation patterns and force production of many other lower limb muscles. Also, it is not clear how fatigue in a non-postural muscle such as the quadriceps femoris (Masani et al 2013) could have such a profound effect on non-fatigue limb balance.…”

“…Based on these questions, the main objective of the current study was to examine the effect of unilateral knee extensor fatigue on non-fatigued limb's standing balance, muscle force and activation. From the results obtained by Paillard et al (2010), it was hypothesized that knee extensors fatigue would result in reduced balance while standing on the non-fatigued limb and would also affect muscle force and activation patterns in lower limb muscles.…”

Chronic physical activity preserves efficiency of proprioception in postural control in older women

“…Application of the wavelet transform method to COP displacements provides a time-frequency chart of body sway and a three-dimensional representation of body sway [26][27]. The spectral analysis was computed for three frequency bands defined on the x-axis (frontal plane) and the y-axis (sagittal plane) as follows: 0.05-0.5 Hz (low frequencies LF x and LF y ), 0.5-1.5 Hz (medium frequencies MF x and MF y ), and 1.5-10 Hz (high frequencies HF x and HF y ), expressed in arbitrary units [28].…”