Disturbances in the Skin Homeostasis: Wound Healing, an Undefined Process

Férnandez-Guarino, Montserrat; Naharro-Rodriguez, Jorge; Bacci, Stefano

doi:10.3390/cosmetics11030090

Cosmetics

2024

DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics11030090

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Disturbances in the Skin Homeostasis: Wound Healing, an Undefined Process

Montserrat Férnandez-Guarino,

Jorge Naharro-Rodriguez,

Stefano Bacci

Abstract: This review was written with the aim of examining the effects that cause an insult, such as a wound, to an organ, such as the skin. Before examining the cellular mechanisms relating to wound healing, the reader is invited to read about the structure of the skin as a necessary basis for understanding the final aim of this review. The structure of the skin as a basis for understanding the phenomena relating to wound healing is addressed, taking into account the updated literature that addresses the numerous prob… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

References 89 publications

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Integration of two-dimensional MXene into polymeric-based nanocomposite hydrogels for various biomedical applications: Recent advances and future prospects

Shahzad,

Raza,

Hussain

et al. 2024

European Polymer Journal

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Integration of two-dimensional MXene into polymeric-based nanocomposite hydrogels for various biomedical applications: Recent advances and future prospects

Shahzad,

Raza,

Hussain

et al. 2024

European Polymer Journal

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In Vitro Toxicity Evaluation of Some Plant Extracts and Their Potential Application in Xerosis cutis

Ghica,

Tănase,

Niculițe

et al. 2024

Cosmetics

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Xerosis cutis represents one of the most common dermatological diagnoses, which, when untreated, can be the trigger for open wounds, infections, and other skin diseases. Plant extracts are a valuable option for long-term treatments for xerosis due to their phytocompounds, especially polyphenols, flavonoids, triterpenes, and polysaccharides, with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, moisturizing, and reparatory effects. Active substances have different mechanisms; therefore, evaluating the effects on the cells can be a key indicator, providing valuable information in terms of both cytotoxicity and efficacy. The in vitro and in vivo toxicity tests performed for Betulae extractum, Liquiritiae extractum, and Avenae extractum highlighted potential toxic effects at higher concentrations in a dose-dependent relationship, but at lower levels they can be considered safe (12.5 µg/mL for birch and licorice extracts, 50 µg/mL for oat extract). Concerning the re-epithelialization process, the results revealed that all three dry extracts effectively stimulate skin cell migration, highlighting a potential anti-inflammatory effect by increasing the cell migration rate in conditions of induced inflammation associated with oxidative stress. Among the tested concentrations with a potential contribution to wound healing, the following standout: are birch bark extract 3 μg/mL, licorice root extract 7.5 µg/mL, and oat herb (harvested before flowering) extract 7.5 µg/mL.

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Molecular Biomarkers in Cutaneous Photodynamic Therapy: A Comprehensive Review

Naharro-Rodriguez,

Bacci,

Fernandez-Guarino

2024

Diagnostics

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Background/Objectives: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is widely utilized in dermatology for the treatment of various skin conditions. Despite its effectiveness, the exact biomolecular changes underlying therapeutic outcomes remain only partially understood. This review, through a transversal approach, aims to provide an in-depth exploration of molecular biomarkers involved in PDT, evaluate its underlying mechanisms, and examine how these insights can contribute to enhanced treatment protocols and personalized therapy approaches. Methods: A narrative review of the literature was conducted, targeting peer-reviewed articles and clinical trials that focus on PDT and its molecular biomarker effects on dermatological conditions. The databases searched included PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, and the inclusion criteria encompassed original research articles, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses in English. Results: PDT effectively reduces the expression of critical biomarkers such as p53, Cyclin D1, and Ki-67 in AK and other cancerous lesions, leading to reduced cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. Additionally, PDT promotes extracellular matrix remodeling and stimulates collagen production, which has a rejuvenating effect on the skin and a promising role in the treatment of chronic wounds. Conclusions: PDT represents a powerful and versatile treatment option for various dermatological conditions due to its ability to target cellular pathways involved in proliferation and apoptosis. Further research into optimizing treatment parameters and combining PDT with other targeted therapies may enhance patient outcomes, reduce resistance, and pave the way for more individualized therapeutic approaches in dermatology.

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Disturbances in the Skin Homeostasis: Wound Healing, an Undefined Process

Cited by 3 publications

References 89 publications

Integration of two-dimensional MXene into polymeric-based nanocomposite hydrogels for various biomedical applications: Recent advances and future prospects

Integration of two-dimensional MXene into polymeric-based nanocomposite hydrogels for various biomedical applications: Recent advances and future prospects

In Vitro Toxicity Evaluation of Some Plant Extracts and Their Potential Application in Xerosis cutis

Molecular Biomarkers in Cutaneous Photodynamic Therapy: A Comprehensive Review

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