Diterpenoids of terrestrial origin

Abstract

This review covers the isolation and chemistry of diterpenoids from terrestrial as opposed to marine sources and includes labdanes, clerodanes, abietanes, pimaranes, kauranes, cembranes and their cyclization products. There are 214 references.

The isolation and synthesis of neodolastane diterpenoids

“…Interestingly, the additional oxidation at C19/C20 in the terminal position of the isopropyl group is present in radianspene D (28). Thus, this compound can be considered as the "missing link" in the biogenesis of guanacastepenes K-M (12)(13)(14) (vide infra).…”

“…The 1,4-oxazepine motif exists in guanacastepenes D (5) and H (9). Guanacastepenes L (13) and M (14) possess an additional fused tetrahydrofuran arising from cyclisation at C13, while guanacastepene K (12) contains the more complex norbornane ring system.…”

“…The structures of guanacastepenes A-O (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16) were determined by X-ray crystallography. 16,17 The family is characterized by the typical tricyclic C 5 -C 7 -C 6 neodolastane skeleton 1.…”

An Erratum

“…Natural cyclic diterpenoids include mono-, bi-, tri-and tetracyclic metabolites. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Carbocyclic diterpenes, also known as diterpenoids, represent a large class of natural compounds found in plants, algae, lichens, marine invertebrates, bacteria and are produced by various fungi and fungal endophytes. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The highly oxygenated diterpenoid (HOD) that belong to a small group of diterpenoid peroxides are of great interest to researchers, since representatives of this group demonstrate a wide range of biological activities.…”

Biological activity of natural sesquiterpenoids containing a gem-dimethylcyclopropane unit

“…Although sesquiterpenes [1][2][3][4][5][6] and diterpenes [7][8][9][10][11] have been the subject of numerous reviews, sesquiterpenes containing a gemdimethylcyclopropyl subunit need a comprehensive review because of the wide range of their potentially valuable biological activities and broad structural diversity.…”