“…The synthesis of intermediates 5-(2,7-dioctyl-1,3,6,8tetraoxo-1,2,3,6,7,8-hexahydrobenzo[lmn] [3,8] phenanthrolin-4-yl) thiophene-2-carbaldehyde (1) and 5,5 '-(2,7-dioctyl-1,3,6,8-tetraoxo-1,2,3,6,7,8-hexahydrobenzo[lmn] [3,8] phenanthroline-4,9diyl)bis(thiophene-2-carbaldehyde (2) were prepared according to previously reported protocol. [17] Both S4 and S5 were synthesized in an identical manner by reacting 1 and 2 intermediates with C 60 in the presence of sarcosine in nitrobenzene solvent at 120°C for 36 h, affording S4 in 35 % and S5 in 39 % yields, respectively. The newly synthesized dyad S4 and triad S5 were fully characterized by FT-IR, 1 H and 13…”