Diurnal distribution of dairy cow defecation and urination

Aland, A.; Lidfors, Lena; Ekesbo, I.

doi:10.1016/s0168-1591(02)00080-1

Cited by 63 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The quantity of manure excreted by an adult cow is 5.8% (wet basis) of its weight (ASAE, 2003). Normally, adult cows will defecate up to 16 times and urinate up to nine times a day (Aland et al, 2002). Therefore, the cowdung has to be collected first prior to its introduction into the biogas digester.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on Biogas Production from Cow Dung in A Semi Continuous Anaerobic Digester

Haryanto

Triyono

Wicaksono

2018

Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev.

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The efficiency of biogas production in semi-continuous anaerobic digester is influenced by several factors, among other is loading rate. This research aimed at determining the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the biogas yield. Experiment was conducted using lab scale self-designed anaerobic digester of 36-L capacity with substrate of a mixture of fresh cow dung and water at a ratio of 1:1. Experiment was run with substrate initial amount of 25 L and five treatment variations of HRT, namely 1.31 gVS/L/d (P1), 2.47 gVS/L/d (P2), 3.82 gVS/L/d (P3), 5.35 gVS/L/d (P4) and 6.67 gVS/L/d (P5). Digester performance including pH, temperature, and biogas yield was measured every day. After stable condition was achieved, biogas composition was analyzed using a gas chromatograph. A 10-day moving average analysis of biogas production was performed to compare biogas yield of each treatment. Results showed that digesters run quite well with average pH of 6.8-7.0 and average daily temperature 28.7-29.1. The best biogas productivity (77.32 L/kg VSremoval) was found in P1 treatment (organic loading rate of 1.31 g/L/d) with biogas yield of 7.23 L/d. With methane content of 57.23% treatment P1 also produce the highest methane yield. Biogas production showed a stable rate after the day of 44. Modified Gompertz kinetic equation is suitable to model daily biogas yield as a function of digestion time.Article History: Received March 24th 2018; Received in revised form June 2nd 2018; Accepted June 16th 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Haryanto, A., Triyono, S., and Wicaksono, N.H. (2018) Effect of Loading Rate on Biogas Production from Cow Dung in A Semi Continuous Anaerobic Digester. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 7(2), 93-100.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.2.93-100

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on Biogas Production from Cow Dung in A Semi Continuous Anaerobic Digester

Haryanto

Triyono

Wicaksono

2018

Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev.

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“…Verschillende onderzoeken bij runderen lieten een grote individuele variatie zien in frequenties van mesten en urineren (Aland et al, 2002;Hirata et al, 2011;Vaughan et al, 2014b;Villettaz Robichaud et al, 2011). Er blijkt geen duidelijk verband te zijn tussen het aantal mest-en urinelozingen per dier (Aland et al, 2002), en zowel dat onderzoek als dat van (Villettaz Robichaud et al, 2011) geven aan dat het aantal lozingen niet samenhangt met melkproductie.…”

Section: Natuurlijk Uitscheidingsgedrag Van Runderenunclassified

“…Er blijkt geen duidelijk verband te zijn tussen het aantal mest-en urinelozingen per dier (Aland et al, 2002), en zowel dat onderzoek als dat van (Villettaz Robichaud et al, 2011) geven aan dat het aantal lozingen niet samenhangt met melkproductie. Voor het aantal keren mesten per dag zijn gemiddelden gerapporteerd tussen 10 en 16 keer; dagelijkse gemiddelden voor het aantal keren urineren per dag van melkkoeien liggen in de orde van grootte van 7 tot 9 keer.…”

Section: Natuurlijk Uitscheidingsgedrag Van Runderenunclassified

“…De range voor de dagelijkse frequentie mesten loopt van 3 tot 36 keer; die voor de dagelijkse frequentie urineren van 2 tot 19 keer (Aland et al, 2002;Villettaz Robichaud et al, 2011). Volgens Hirata et al (2011) is de hoeveelheid mest per defecatie groter wanneer dieren rusten of herkauwen dan wanneer ze grazen en zich verplaatsen.…”

Section: Natuurlijk Uitscheidingsgedrag Van Runderenunclassified

“…Volgens Hirata et al (2011) is de hoeveelheid mest per defecatie groter wanneer dieren rusten of herkauwen dan wanneer ze grazen en zich verplaatsen. Alle onderzoeken waarin zowel het aantal defecaties als het aantal urinelozingen van melkkoeien is gescoord laten zien dat vaker gemest dan geürineerd wordt (Aland et al, 2002;Hirata et al, 2011;Oudshoorn et al, 2008;Villettaz Robichaud et al, 2011).…”

Section: Natuurlijk Uitscheidingsgedrag Van Runderenunclassified

See 2 more Smart Citations

Scheiding van urine en feces bij melkvee: fysiologie, gedragsherkenning en techniek

Verdoes

Bokma

2017

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Inter-animal radiation as potential heat stressor in lying animals

Berman

2013

Int J Biometeorol

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A model for predicting inter-animal radiant heat exchange in shaded animals is presented, with emphasis on mature cattle. When a cow's surface temperature is 35 °C, as is common in warmer climates, it loses ∼510 Watt m(-2) as radiant heat. Net radiant heat balance depends on radiation coming from bodies in the vicinity. In the 30 °C radiant temperature shaded environment typical of warm climates, net radiant loss from a lactating cow is ∼60 Watt m(-2), i.e., 30 % of its ∼173 Watt m(-2) heat production. Cows rest for 8-14 h day(-1). The heat exchange of a lying cow differs from that of a standing one: the body center is low and 20-30 % of its surface contacts a surface of relatively low heat conductance. Lying reduces the impact of the surrounding shaded area on heat exchange but increases that of heat radiating from neighboring cows. When a cow rests adjacent to other cows, with 1.25 m between body centers when in stalls, it occupies about 140° of the horizontal plane of view. Heat emitted from the animal's surface reduces the net radiant heat loss of a resting cow by ∼30 Watt m(-2). In contrast, the presence of cows at 5 and 10 m distance, e.g., cows resting on straw in loose yard housing, reduces the net radiant heat loss of the resting cow by 9 and 5 Watt m(-2), respectively. Radiant heat input increases with animal density, which is beneficial in cooler climates, but acts as a stressor in warm climates.

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Diurnal distribution of dairy cow defecation and urination

Cited by 63 publications

References 5 publications

Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on Biogas Production from Cow Dung in A Semi Continuous Anaerobic Digester

Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on Biogas Production from Cow Dung in A Semi Continuous Anaerobic Digester

Scheiding van urine en feces bij melkvee: fysiologie, gedragsherkenning en techniek

Inter-animal radiation as potential heat stressor in lying animals

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