Diurnal root zone temperature variations affect strawberry water relations, growth, and fruit quality

Fuentes, José Antonio González; Shackel, Kenneth A.; Lieth, J. Heinrich; Albornoz, Francisco; Benavides-Mendoza, Adalberto; Evans, Russell

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2016.03.039

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The results are consistent with those of earlier studies, which found that RZT significantly affected plant biomass, bleeding rate, and root activities [1, 55]. Moreover, suboptimal RZT both increases root oxygen demand and decreases oxygen concentration available in soil, which can result in hypoxic conditions and reduce root and shoot growth [56].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

24-Epibrassinolide promotes NO3− and NH4+ ion flux rate and NRT1 gene expression in cucumber under suboptimal root zone temperature

Anwar

et al. 2019

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Suboptimal root zone temperature (RZT) causes a remarkable reduction in growth of horticultural crops during winter cultivation under greenhouse production. However, limited information is available on the effects of suboptimal RZT on nitrogen (N) metabolism in cucumber seedlings. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of 24-Epibrassinolide (EBR) on nitrate and ammonium flux rate, N metabolism, and transcript levels of NRT1 family genes under suboptimal RZT in cucumber seedlings. Results Suboptimal RZT (LT) negatively affected on cucumber growth and proportionately decreased EBR contents, bleeding rate, root activity, enzyme activities of nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamate synthase (GOGAT), nitrate (NO 3 − ) influx rate, ammonium (NH 4 + ) efflux rate, and transcript levels of nitrate transporter ( NRT1 ) encoding genes. However, exogenous EBR reduced the harmful effects of suboptimal RZT and increased endogenous EBR contents, bleeding rate, root activity, enzyme activities of NR, NiR, GS, and GOGAT, NH 4 + and NO 3 − flux rates and contents, and N accumulation. EBR-treated seedlings also upregulated the transcript levels of nitrate transporters CsNRT1.1 , CsNRT1.2A , CsNRT1.2B , CsNRT1.2C , CsNRT1.3 , CsNRT1.4A , CsNRT1.5B , CsNRT1.5C , CsNRT1.9 , and CsNRT1.10 , and downregulated CsNRT1.5A and CsNRT1.8 . LT treatment upregulated the expression level of CsNRT1.5A , while exogenous BZR application downregulated the expression level of NRT1 genes. Conclusion These results indicate that exogenous application of EBR alleviated the harmful effects of suboptimal RZT through changes in N metabolism, NH 4 + and NO 3 − flux rates, and NRT1 gene expression, leading to improved cucumber seedlings growth. Our study provides the first evidence of the role of EBR in the response to suboptimal RZT in cucumber, and can be used to improve vegetable production. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-019-1838-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

24-Epibrassinolide promotes NO3− and NH4+ ion flux rate and NRT1 gene expression in cucumber under suboptimal root zone temperature

Anwar

et al. 2019

BMC Plant Biol

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“…e mechanisms of root temperature on the growth of tomato plants are the results of both direct and indirect processes. Root growth, nutrient, and water uptake are directly influenced, whereas stomatal conductance, leaf expansion, photosynthesis, hormone synthesis, and distribution are indirectly related [18][19][20][21][22][23]. Cooper [24] described the general response curve of all species to root temperature as a downward parabola, with optimal root temperature for tomato being between 25 and 30°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Root Cooling on Plant Growth and Fruit Quality of Cocktail Tomato during Two Consecutive Seasons

Fang

Thiele

Watt

et al. 2019

Journal of Food Quality

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Understanding the effects of root temperature on plant growth and key food components of horticultural crops under greenhouse conditions is important. Here, we assess the impact of root cooling on plant growth and fruit quality of two cocktail tomato cultivars (Lycopersicon esculentum cv “Amoroso” and cv “Delioso”) during the winter of 2017-2018 and the summer of 2018. Plants were grown hydroponically on rockwool under different root temperatures (16–27°C and 10°C) from the 2nd inflorescence to harvest inside the greenhouse. A root temperature of 10°C was controlled independently from air temperature (18–23°C in winter and 21–29°C in summer) by circulating cooling water. Reductions of marketable yield per plant (7.9–20.9%) in both cultivars were observed in response to root cooling in winter, but not significantly in summer. In most cases, root cooling had a positive effect on the functional quality (sugars, vitamin C, and carotenoids levels). In the case of “Delioso,” glucose concentration increased by 7.7–10.3%, vitamin C by 20–21%, and lycopene by 16.9–20.5% in both seasons. “Amoroso” exhibited only higher consistent values in glucose with increments between 6.9 and 7.8% in the two seasons. The levels of elements decreased by root cooling, with statistically significant reduction of N, P, S, and Fe by 12.1–15.7% in “Delioso” in winter and P and Zn by 9.1–22.2% in both cultivars in summer. Thus, manipulation of root temperature could be a feasible method to improve the overall fruit quality of cocktail tomato; however, this effect was also dependent on cultivars and other environmental factors.

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“…In this way, plants on black mulch experience greater diurnal RZT fluctuation than plants on fully metalized mulch or metalized-striped mulch. Despite this, there are several studies that suggest that diurnal RZT fluctuations have little overall effect on strawberry growth and yield when temperature extremes are avoided (Gonzalez-Fuentes et al, 2016;Kumakura and Shishido, 1994). We suspect that small changes in diurnal RZT fluctuation by the metalized mulch films were unimportant to affecting early yield in our study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Metalized-striped Plastic Mulch Reduces Root-zone Temperatures during Establishment and Increases Early-season Yields of Annual Winter Strawberry

Deschamps¹,

Agehara²

2019

horts

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Black plastic mulch is used predominantly for winter strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.) production in Florida because of its warming effects. However, black plastic mulch can increase heat stress during establishment, especially when growers advance planting dates (e.g., late September) to improve earliness. Consequently, we designed a new plastic mulch film that has a metalized center stripe with black shoulders. We hypothesized that metalized-striped mulch can minimize heat stress during establishment, while maintaining the warming effects of black mulch during winter. We conducted field trials over two seasons to evaluate black mulch, fully metalized mulch, and metalized-striped mulch using two cultivars differing in heat stress tolerance and fruit production patterns: ‘Florida Radiance’ and ‘Florida Beauty’. The effect of plastic mulch type on plant growth and yield was generally consistent across both seasons. Compared with black mulch, metalized-striped mulch reduced afternoon root-zone temperature (RZT) by up to 3.1 °C and reduced the duration of heat stress conditions (RZT > 30 °C) by 119 hours across October and November, but exhibited equivalent soil warming during winter. Yield increases by metalized-striped mulch compared with black mulch ranged from 19% to 34% in the early season (November–January), 6% to 20% in the late season (February–March), and 12% to 26% over the entire season. Statistical significance was detected for the 2016–17 early-season yield and when yield data were expressed on a weekly basis. Compared with black mulch, metalized-striped mulch improved fruit number significantly without affecting fruit weight or canopy area, suggesting that heat stress on black mulch negatively affects flower and fruit development more than plant growth. Weekly fruit yield data indicate that metalized-striped mulch can produce greater yields than fully metalized mulch. Metalized-striped mulch is an easily implementable strategy for reducing establishment heat stress and improving fruit earliness in subtropical winter strawberry production regions.

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Diurnal root zone temperature variations affect strawberry water relations, growth, and fruit quality

Cited by 26 publications

References 55 publications

24-Epibrassinolide promotes NO3− and NH4+ ion flux rate and NRT1 gene expression in cucumber under suboptimal root zone temperature

24-Epibrassinolide promotes NO3− and NH4+ ion flux rate and NRT1 gene expression in cucumber under suboptimal root zone temperature

Effects of Root Cooling on Plant Growth and Fruit Quality of Cocktail Tomato during Two Consecutive Seasons

Metalized-striped Plastic Mulch Reduces Root-zone Temperatures during Establishment and Increases Early-season Yields of Annual Winter Strawberry

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