Diurnal Variation in Choroidal Thickness in Relation to Sex, Axial Length, and Baseline Choroidal Thickness in Healthy Korean Subjects

Lee, Seungwon; Yu, Seung-Young; Seo, Kyung Hoon; Kim, Eung Suk; Kwak, Hyung Woo

doi:10.1097/iae.0b013e3182993f29

Cited by 104 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Thus, the present finding possibly can be explained by increased choroidal thickness in males than females. 22,23 Among the other results, the MD of VF showed a significant negative association with overall PLCD in the The average RNFL thickness showed significant association with overall PLCD in univariate analysis but not in multivariate analysis. The PLCD measurement was performed at the central three of the five cross-line scans with 0.25-mm spacing at each meridian.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Peripheral lamina cribrosa depth in primary open-angle glaucoma: a swept-source optical coherence tomography study of lamina cribrosa

Kim

Jeoung

et al. 2015

Eye

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Purpose To investigate peripheral lamina cribrosa depth (PLCD) and its verticalhorizontal difference in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods Patients with POAG (n = 90 eyes) and age-matched healthy individuals (n = 90 eyes) underwent swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) scans centered at the optic discs. The PLCD was defined as the vertical distance between the most peripheral visible end of anterior lamina cribrosa (LC) surface and the reference plane connecting the Bruch's membrane openings. The PLCD in each quadrant region and the vertical-horizontal PLCD difference were compared between the POAG and healthy eyes. The clinical factors associated with increased PLCD were evaluated. Results The PLCD was significantly larger in the POAG eyes than the control eyes at the horizontal (P = 0.034) and vertical (P = 0.001) meridians. The vertical PLCD was significantly larger than the horizontal PLCD, both in the POAG eyes (Po0.001) and in the control eyes (P = 0.003). However, the vertical-horizontal PLCD difference was significantly larger in the POAG eyes (47 ± 60 μm) than in the control eyes (18 ± 54 μm, P = 0.001). Multivariate regression showed a significant association of male gender (P = 0.005), increased baseline IOP (P = 0.043), and decreased MD of VF (P = 0.025) with increased PLCD. Conclusions The peripheral LC was displaced more posteriorly in the POAG eyes compared with the age-matched healthy eyes. In the POAG eyes, the peripheral LC was displaced more posteriorly at the vertical meridian than at the horizontal meridian. The peripheral LC in the vertical meridian might have increased IOP-related strain (deformation) compared with horizontal meridian in glaucomatous eyes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Peripheral lamina cribrosa depth in primary open-angle glaucoma: a swept-source optical coherence tomography study of lamina cribrosa

Kim

Jeoung

et al. 2015

Eye

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“…The choroid typically exhibits an approximate anti-phase relationship with axial length, with a peak in thickness around mid-night and a trough around mid-day (Nickla et al, 1998b;Nickla et al, 1998a;Papastergiou et al, 1998;Chakraborty et al, 2011;Lee et al, 2014;Kinoshita et al, 2016) and several studies have established an association between diurnal changes in axial length and choroidal thickness (Weiss & Schaeffel, 1993;Nickla et al, 1998b;Papastergiou et al, 1998;Nickla et al, 2001Nickla et al, , 2002Stone et al, 2004;Wilson et al, 2006;Brown et al, 2009;Chakraborty et al, 2011Chakraborty et al, , 2012Chakraborty et al, , 2013Nickla, 2013). These associations suggest that choroidal variations may have contributed towards the axial length changes observed in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

The Influence of Light Exposure and Seasonal Changes on Short-Term and Longer-Term Changes in Axial Length of the Human Eye

Ulaganathan¹

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It is widely accepted that environmental factors play a significant role in regulating eye growth and myopia development. There is also considerable evidence that ambient light exposure is an important environmental risk factor associated with eye growth in children, however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Furthermore, animal studies have shown that diurnal variations in ocular components appear to be involved in the mechanisms controlling eye growth. Animal studies also suggest that altering light exposure disrupts normal diurnal variations and can lead to the development of refractive errors. Despite this evidence, the exact role of light exposure and ocular diurnal rhythms in the regulation of human eye growth, and the interaction between these factors is not well understood. Myopia development and progression have been widely documented in young adults and typically occurs due to axial elongation, but there has been limited research examining the potential impact of ambient light exposure upon eye growth and myopia development and progression in young adults.Therefore, this research examined the habitual light exposure patterns in a population of young adult emmetropes and progressing myopes using objective techniques, and assessed the influence of light exposure upon daily axial length variations and longitudinal axial eye growth in this population. The potential association between daily axial length fluctuations and longer-term changes in axial length was also explored.Since there is no consensus on the optimal sampling strategy required for capturing personal objective light exposure measurements, in the first study, we systematically examined the impact of different measurement durations and measurement frequencies upon objective light exposure measures, in order to determine the optimal sampling strategy to reliably capture habitual light exposure patterns of both children (Age: 11 to vi The influence of light exposure and seasons upon the axial length changes in humans 15 years) and young adults (Age: 18 to 30 years). Ambient light exposure data were obtained using a wrist-worn light sensor (Actiwatch 2), which was configured to measure instantaneous light levels every 30 seconds, 24 hours a day for a period of 14 consecutive days in children (n = 30) and young adults (n = 31). Daily time exposed to bright outdoor (>1000 lux) light levels was derived from the raw 14 days of data with 30 second sampling, and was subsequently derived from data re-sampled from 12, 10, 8, 6, 4 and 2 randomly selected measurement days using 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 10 minute sampling rates. Calculating daily outdoor light exposure time using a lower number of days and coarser sampling frequencies did not significantly alter the mean time spent in bright (outdoor) light. However, a significant increase in measurement variability occurred for outdoor light exposure derived from less than 8 days and from 3 minutes or coarser measurement frequencies in adults, and from less than 8 days and from 4 minutes or coarser...

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“…All examinations were performed between 1300 to 1500 hours to avoid diurnal variations. 13 Pertinent clinical data recorded included patient age, sex, hypertension, duration of diabetes mellitus, baseline and follow-up BCVA, complete biomicroscopic examination findings, spherical equivalent (SE) values of refractive errors and axial length (AL) measured by using optical biometer (AL scan). An informed consent was obtained from the subjects.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of ocular pulse amplitude and choroidal thickness in diabetic macular edema

Totan

Akyüz

Güler

et al. 2015

Eye

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Purpose The aim of this study is to evaluate the ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) and choroidal thickness (CT) measurements in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) and healthy subjects. Methods A total of 34 patients (12 male and 22 female) who had type 2 diabetes mellitus with DME and 34 sex-matched healthy subjects (13 male and 21 female) were included in this prospective study. The intraocular pressure (IOP) and OPA were measured with Dynamic contour tonometer (Pascal DCT, Switzerland). The subfoveal CT was measured using the Cirrus HD-OCT (Carl Zeiss Meditec). The CT at 1500 μm and 3000 μm nasal and temporal to the central fovea was also measured. Results The mean IOP values were 18.4 ± 3.5 and 17.1 ± 2.1 mm Hg in DME patients and healthy controls, respectively (P = 0.091). The mean OPA values in patients with DME (2.58 ± 0.96) and controls (3.52 ± 1.03) were statistically different (Po0.001). The mean subfoveal CT value was 273.5 ± 30.2 μm in the eyes with DME and 321.4 ± 36.5 μm in the control group (Po 0.001). In both groups, linear regression analysis showed no significant association between OPA and CT measurements. The IOP showed a significantly positive correlation with OPA in both DME (P = 0.002, r = 0.526) and controls (P = 0.004, r = 0.483). Conclusions The current study suggests that both pulsatile choroidal blood flow and CT are decreased in patients with DME.

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Diurnal Variation in Choroidal Thickness in Relation to Sex, Axial Length, and Baseline Choroidal Thickness in Healthy Korean Subjects

Abstract: In men as well as in those with a shorter AL and thick baseline CT, a greater pattern of diurnal variation with significantly greater amplitude was observed.

Cited by 104 publications

References 40 publications

Peripheral lamina cribrosa depth in primary open-angle glaucoma: a swept-source optical coherence tomography study of lamina cribrosa

Peripheral lamina cribrosa depth in primary open-angle glaucoma: a swept-source optical coherence tomography study of lamina cribrosa

The Influence of Light Exposure and Seasonal Changes on Short-Term and Longer-Term Changes in Axial Length of the Human Eye

Evaluation of ocular pulse amplitude and choroidal thickness in diabetic macular edema

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