Divergent Connectivity of Homologous Command Neurons Mediates Segment-Specific Touch Responses in Drosophila

Takagi, Sadayuki F.; Cocanougher, Benjamin T.; Niki, Sawako; Miyamoto, Dohjin; Kohsaka, Hiroshi; Kazama, Hokto; Fetter, Richard D.; Truman, James W.; Zlatic, Marta; Cardon, Albert; Nose, Akinao

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3155835

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 80 publications

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“…A local stimulation microscope was used for muscular imaging and optogenetic stimulation (Matsunaga et al, 2013; Takagi et al, 2017). The microscope (FV1000, Olympus, Japan) has two separate optical paths for muscular imaging and optical stimulation, respectively: blue light from a Xeon lamp (X-Cite exacte, Excelitas Technologies, US) and a GFP dichroic mirror (U-MGFP/XL, Olympus, Japan), which were used to image the muscles in the abdominal segments A3/A4 to A7/A8, and a scanning laser of blue (488 nm) or green (559 nm) light, which was used to stimulate the CNS optogenetically.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronous multi-segmental activity between metachronal waves controls locomotion speed in Drosophila larvae

Liu

Hasegawa

Nose

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The ability to adjust the speed of locomotion is essential for survival. In limbed animals, the frequency of locomotion is modulated primarily by changing the duration of the stance phase. The underlying neural mechanisms of this selective modulation remain an open question. Here, we report a neural circuit controlling a similarly selective adjustment of locomotion frequency in Drosophila larvae. Drosophila larvae crawl using peristaltic waves of muscle contractions. We find that larvae adjust the frequency of locomotion mostly by varying the time between consecutive contraction waves, reminiscent of limbed locomotion. A specific set of muscles, the lateral transverse (LT) muscles, co-contract in all segments during this phase, the duration of which sets the duration of the interwave phase. We identify two types of GABAergic interneurons in the LT neural network, premotor neuron A26f and its presynaptic partner A31c, which exhibit segmentally synchronized activity and control locomotor frequency by setting the amplitude and duration of LT muscle contractions. Altogether, our results reveal an inhibitory central circuit that sets the frequency of locomotion by controlling the duration of the period in between peristaltic waves. Further analysis of the descending inputs onto this circuit will help understand the higher control of this selective modulation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronous multi-segmental activity between metachronal waves controls locomotion speed in Drosophila larvae

Liu

Hasegawa

Nose

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Data-driven analysis of motor activity implicates 5-HT2A neurons in backward locomotion of larval Drosophila

Park

Kondo

Tanimoto

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Rhythmic animal behaviors are regulated in part by neural circuits called the central pattern generators (CPGs). Classifying neural population activities correlated with body movements and identifying the associated component neurons are critical steps in understanding CPGs. Previous methods that classify neural dynamics obtained by dimension reduction algorithms often require manual optimization which could be laborious and preparation-specific. Here, we present a simpler and more flexible method that is based on the pre-trained convolutional neural network model VGG-16 and unsupervised learning, and successfully classifies the fictive motor patterns in Drosophila larvae under various imaging conditions. We also used voxel-wise correlation mapping to identify neurons associated with motor patterns. By applying these methods to neurons targeted by 5-HT2A-GAL4, which we generated by the CRISPR/Cas9-system, we identified two classes of interneurons, termed Seta and Leta, which are specifically active during backward but not forward fictive locomotion. Optogenetic activation of Seta and Leta neurons increased backward locomotion. Conversely, thermogenetic inhibition of 5-HT2A-GAL4 neurons or application of a 5-HT2 antagonist decreased backward locomotion induced by noxious light stimuli. This study establishes an accelerated pipeline for activity profiling and cell identification in larval Drosophila and implicates the serotonergic system in the modulation of backward locomotion.

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Data-driven analysis of motor activity implicates 5-HT2A neurons in backward locomotion of larvalDrosophila

Park

Kondo

Tanimoto

et al. 2018

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rhythmic animal behaviors are regulated in part by neural circuits called the central pattern generators (CPGs). Classifying neural activities correlated with body movements and identifying component neurons associated with the activities are critical steps in understanding the workings of CPGs and animal locomotion. Here, we present a novel method for classifying motor activities in large-scale calcium imaging data of Drosophila larvae. The method is based on pre-trained convolutional neural network model VGG-16 and unsupervised learning, and successfully classified activities correlated with forward and backward locomotion in activity data of different types of neurons and under different imaging conditions. We also used voxel-wise correlation mapping to identify neurons associated with each motor activity. By applying these methods to neurons targeted by 5-HT2A-GAL4, which we generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knock-in, we identified two classes of interneurons, termed Seta and Leta, which are specifically active during backward but not forward fictive locomotion. Optogenetic activation of Seta and Leta neurons increases backward locomotion. Conversely, thermogenetic inhibition of 5-HT2A-GAL4 neurons or application of a 5-HT2 antagonist decreased backward locomotion induced by noxious light stimuli. Our results suggest that 5-HT modulates backward locomotion by acting on Seta and Leta neurons via the 5-HT2A receptor. This study establishes an accelerated pipeline for activity profiling and cell identification in larval Drosophila and implicates a serotonergic system in the modulation of backward locomotion.

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Divergent Connectivity of Homologous Command Neurons Mediates Segment-Specific Touch Responses in Drosophila

Cited by 3 publications

References 80 publications

Synchronous multi-segmental activity between metachronal waves controls locomotion speed in Drosophila larvae

Synchronous multi-segmental activity between metachronal waves controls locomotion speed in Drosophila larvae

Data-driven analysis of motor activity implicates 5-HT2A neurons in backward locomotion of larval Drosophila

Data-driven analysis of motor activity implicates 5-HT2A neurons in backward locomotion of larvalDrosophila

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