Divergent gene expression responses to Complicated Grief and Non-complicated Grief

O’Connor, Mary Frances; Schultze-Florey, Christian; Irwin, Michael R.; Arevalo, Jesusa M.G.; Cole, Steven W.

doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2013.12.017

Cited by 41 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Still, bereavement is associated with a variety of negative mental and physical health outcomes (for reviews: Stroebe, Schut, & Stroebe, ; Zisook et al, ). Physical health outcomes include an increased risk of mortality (Buckley et al, ), suicidality (Prigerson et al, ; Zisook et al, ), and morbidity (Buckley et al, ; Keyes et al, ; O'Connor, Schultze‐Florey, Irwin, Arevalo, & Cole, ). Mental health outcomes include depression, post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and difficulties in grieving that extend in duration and severity beyond the scope of “normal” grief symptoms, also termed complicated grief (CG) (Zisook et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of bereavement counselling through a community‐based organization: A naturalistic, controlled trial

Newsom

Schüt

Stroebe

et al. 2017

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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This controlled, longitudinal investigation tested the effectiveness of a bereavement counselling model for adults on reducing complicated grief (CG) symptoms. Participants (N = 344; 79% female; mean age: 49.3 years) were adult residents of Scotland who were bereaved of a close relation or partner, experiencing elevated levels of CG, and/or risks of developing CG. It was hypothesized that participants who received intervention would experience a greater decline in CG levels immediately following the intervention compared to the control participants, but the difference would diminish at follow‐up (due to relapse). Data were collected via postal questionnaire at 3 time points: baseline (T), post‐intervention (T + 12 months), and follow‐up (T + 18 months). CG, post‐traumatic stress, and general psychological distress were assessed at all time points. Multilevel analyses controlling for relevant covariates were conducted to examine group differences in symptom levels over time. A stepwise, serial gatekeeping procedure was used to correct for multiple hypothesis testing. A main finding was that, contrary to expectations, counselling intervention and control group participants experienced a similar reduction in CG symptoms at postmeasure. However, intervention participants demonstrated a greater reduction in symptom levels at follow‐up (M = 53.64; d = .33) compared to the control group (M = 62.00). Results suggest community‐based bereavement counselling may have long‐term beneficial effects. Further longitudinal treatment effect investigations with extensive study intervals are needed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of bereavement counselling through a community‐based organization: A naturalistic, controlled trial

Newsom

Schüt

Stroebe

et al. 2017

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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“…Bereavement is a significant modulator of immune cell gene expression, genes involved in innate antiviral responses. 9 The downregulation of these genes is consistent with increased vulnerability to infectious diseases in bereaved older adults where this body of research has been concentrated. The presence of altered physiology could further increase health risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Parents’ Acute Illnesses, Hospitalizations, and Medication Changes During the Difficult First Year After Infant or Child NICU/PICU Death

Brooten

Youngblut

Caicedo

et al. 2016

Am J Hosp Palliat Care

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Background and Objectives Infant/child death is described as a most stressful life event; however, there are few reports of effects on parent physical health during the first year after the death. The study’s purpose is to examine the patterns of parent acute illnesses, hospitalizations, and medication changes over 1 to 13 months after neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) or pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) infant/child death in 3 racial/ethnic groups. Methods Secondary analyses were conducted with longitudinal data on parent health and functioning 1 to 13 months after infant/child NICU/PICU death. Parents (176 mothers, 73 fathers; 44% Hispanic, 35% black non-Hispanic, and 21% white non-Hispanic) of deceased infants/children were recruited from 4 children’s hospitals and state death records. Inclusion criteria—parents understood English or Spanish and had a deceased neonate/child ≤ 18. Exclusion criteria—deceased newborn from multiple gestation pregnancy, child in foster care, child’s injury due to suspected abuse, or parent death in illness/injury event. Parents reported numbers and types of acute illnesses, hospitalizations, and medication changes 1 to 13 months postdeath. Results Parents’ acute illnesses, hospitalizations, and medication changes were greatest between months 1 and 6, with relative quiescence in months 7 to 10, and an increase in months 11 to 13. Mothers (aged 32 ± 7.8 years) reported 300 acute illnesses (primarily colds/flu, headaches, anxiety/depression, and infections) and 89 hospitalizations (primarily infections, chest pain, and gastrointestinal problems). Fathers (aged 37 ±8.8 years) reported 104 acute illnesses (colds/flu and headaches) and 9 hospitalizations. Conclusion After infant/child NICU/PICU death, mothers had greater morbidity than fathers, with no significant differences by race/ethnicity. Parents’ health needs to be monitored in months 1 to 6 and months 11 to 13, and interventions targeted to parents in these months.

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“…36 Similarly, in another work the authors found that spouses suffering complicated grief in response to bereavement presented a marked down-regulation of type I IFN-related transcripts compared to spouses with no complicated grief. 18 In addition, a recent study showed that a yogic meditation intervention could reverse the pattern of increased NF-jB-related transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased IRF1-related transcription of the innate antiviral response in healthy individuals under a significant life stressor. 37 The decreased interferon response in subjects with low scores of SRH may have clinical implications for the resistance to infectious disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentially conserved transcriptomic response to adversity related to self-rated health in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis

Riestra

Gebreab

Liu

et al. 2017

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Self-rated health (SRH) is considered a strong indicator of well-being and clinical health status and has been linked to inflammatory markers. The objective of this work was to examine how self-rated physical health (SRPH) and mental health (SRMH) influence the immune system through the regulation of a stress-related gene expression profile known as the 'conserved transcriptional response to adversity' (CTRA), which involves the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory genes and down-regulation of genes involved in type I interferon (IFN) response and antibody synthesis. CTRA expression data were derived from genome-wide transcriptional data on purified monocytes in 1264 adult participants from the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. SRPH and SRMH were assessed through the SF-12 questionnaire. Multiple linear regression models were used to determine the association between the composite score of the CTRA subsets and SRPH and SRMH. Higher scores of SRPH and SRMH were associated with an increased expression of the overall CTRA profile. The individual gene subsets analysis did not reveal an increased expression of pro-inflammatory genes in persons with lower scores of SRH. However, we observed that higher scores of SRPH positively modulate the immune response through the up-regulation of both type I interferon response and antibody synthesis-related genes, while better scores of SRMH were associated with a down-regulation of genes involved in antibody synthesis. The significant association between SRH and a gene expression profile related to type I IFN response and antibody synthesis suggests that SRH may be linked to the immunocompetence status. Impact statement In this work, we evaluated for the first time how self-rated mental (SRMH) and physical health (SRPH) influence the immune response at the molecular level in a large multi-ethnic cohort. We observed that both SRMH and SRPH are related to immunocompetence status. These findings indicated that the link between how we perceive our health and poorer health outcomes could be explained by alterations in the immune response by shifting the expression of genes related to the type I IFN response and antibody synthesis.

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Divergent gene expression responses to Complicated Grief and Non-complicated Grief

Cited by 41 publications

References 35 publications

Effectiveness of bereavement counselling through a community‐based organization: A naturalistic, controlled trial

Effectiveness of bereavement counselling through a community‐based organization: A naturalistic, controlled trial

Parents’ Acute Illnesses, Hospitalizations, and Medication Changes During the Difficult First Year After Infant or Child NICU/PICU Death

Differentially conserved transcriptomic response to adversity related to self-rated health in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis

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