Diverse barklice (Psocodea) from Late Cretaceous Vendean amber

Azar, Dany; Nel, André; Perrichot, Vincent

doi:10.17161/pc.1808.15983

2014

DOI: 10.17161/pc.1808.15983

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Diverse barklice (Psocodea) from Late Cretaceous Vendean amber

Dany Azar¹,

André Nel

Vincent Perrichot

Abstract: The fossil psocodeans from Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian to Santonian) amber of Vendée, in northwestern France, are studied. Two new genera and three new species are described and illustrated, as Proprionoglaris axioperierga n. sp.

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Debris-carrying behaviour of bark lice immatures preserved in 100 million years old amber

Kiesmüller

Haug

Müller³

et al. 2021

PalZ

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Camouflage strategies, including several types of concealments, are known for several insect groups today, such as immatures of some species within reduviid bugs (Hemiptera), lace wings (Neuroptera), caddisflies (Trichoptera) and bark lice (Psocodea). However, camouflage has only rarely been reported in the fossil record. Here we report findings of four bark lice preserved in 100 Million year old amber from Myanmar, which represent the first fossil evidence for masking behaviour in Cretaceous representatives of Psocodea. All four of these, probably not conspecific, and immature bark lice carry sand granules and organic material atop their back, which probably resulted in camouflaging them against the background (e.g. bark) to avoid detection by predators. We briefly summarise concepts of camouflage and examples of decoration behaviour within insects, as well as possible “receiver” (i.e. predators) of the camouflage of the herein described bark lice. The exact phylogenetic position of the specimens remains unclear, due to the scarce fossil record of Cretaceous immatures of Psocodea, as well as extant immatures. This demonstrates the importance of findings as reported here, as a wide knowledge of morphology and development of a certain group is crucial to get an insight into their evolution and reconstructing environments in deep time.

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Debris-carrying behaviour of bark lice immatures preserved in 100 million years old amber

Kiesmüller

Haug

Müller³

et al. 2021

PalZ

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Introduction to thematic volume “Fossil arthropods in Late Cretaceous Vendean amber (northwestern France)”

Perrichot

Néraudeau

2014

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Unravelling the mishmash: A new phylogeny for the family Empheriidae (Psocodea, Trogiomorpha) with a new genus and species from Cretaceous Charentese amber

Álvarez-Parra,

Nel,

Perrichot

et al. 2024

ASP

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The order Psocodea, including barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice, is diverse and widely distributed since the Cretaceous. That is particularly the case for the speciose extinct family Empheriidae (Psocodea, Trogiomorpha, Atropetae), recently fused with the ‘Archaeatropidae’. Understanding the evolution of barklice is dependent in part on studying this family, as its representatives have been found from the Early Cretaceous to the Eocene, surviving the K/Pg extinction event. The phylogenetic relationships of Empheriidae in relation to other families, such as Lepidopsocidae or Psoquillidae, have been extensively debated. However, distinguishing diagnostic characters for the Empheriidae has proven challenging. In this study, we describe the new empheriid Santonipsocus mimeticusgen. et sp. nov. from Cretaceous Charentese amber (France). It is the third empheriid species found in this locality. The new genus is compared with the other genera in the family, and Proprionoglaris guyoti and Proprionoglaris axioperierga are revised based on the type material and new specimens. We explore the phylogeny of Empheriidae, both the relationships with other families and the inner relationships between the genera, through maximum parsimony analysis and Bayesian inference analysis. Our results suggest that Empheriidae may represent a paraphyletic evolutionary grade to the rest of Atropetae. The phylogenetic relationships between genera align with the biogeography of the family and support previous hypotheses. In addition, we discuss the possible biology of the members of the family, shedding light on the evolutionary history of Empheriidae.

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Diverse barklice (Psocodea) from Late Cretaceous Vendean amber

Abstract: The fossil psocodeans from Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian to Santonian) amber of Vendée, in northwestern France, are studied. Two new genera and three new species are described and illustrated, as Proprionoglaris axioperierga n. sp.

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Debris-carrying behaviour of bark lice immatures preserved in 100 million years old amber

Debris-carrying behaviour of bark lice immatures preserved in 100 million years old amber

Introduction to thematic volume “Fossil arthropods in Late Cretaceous Vendean amber (northwestern France)”

Unravelling the mishmash: A new phylogeny for the family Empheriidae (Psocodea, Trogiomorpha) with a new genus and species from Cretaceous Charentese amber

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