Diverse expression regulation of Hsp70 genes in scallops after exposure to toxic Alexandrium dinoflagellates

Hu, Bing; Li, Moli; Yu, Xiaobin; Xun, Xiaogang; Lü, Wei; Li, Xu; Li, Yajuan; Lou, Jiarun; Wang, Shi; Zhang, Lingling; Cheng, Jie; Hu, Xiaoli; Bao, Zhenmin

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.034

Cited by 37 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The RNA-seq sequences were aligned to the genome with Tophat (ver2.0.9). Expression of all C1Q genes was normalized and represented in the form of RPKM (Reads Per Kilobase of exon model per Million mapped reads) based on R software, following the formula total exon reads/mapped reads (millions)/exon length (Kb) (Hu et al, 2019). RPKM of the C1Q genes obtained from RNA-seq data were used to analyze their expression profile in kidney and hepatopancreas with different toxic dinoflagellates diets.…”

Section: Feeding the Scallops With Two Different Toxic Dinoflagellates: A Minutum And A Catenellamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To explore these C1Qs' involvement during PSTs accumulation, we chose two major strains of the PST-producer Alexandrium (A. catenella and A. minutum) to feed the scallops. In C. farreri, hepatopancreas and kidney are the main repository of PSTs during uptake and depuration, and dynamic PST metabolites were detected, contributing to PSTs detoxification (Hu et al, 2019;Lou et al, 2020). We systematically assessed the CfC1Q responses in hepatopancreas and kidney after feeding with toxic A. catenella and A. minutum, revealing the variable regulation of scallop C1Qs between organs and between different toxic microalgae species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expansion of C1Q Genes in Zhikong Scallop and Their Expression Profiling After Exposure to the Toxic Dinoflagellates

Wang

Lian

et al. 2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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C1Q (Complement 1Q) is an important recognition molecule in the immunological complement system, which could also be putatively involved in the stress responses induced by endotoxins or exotoxins, potentially through detoxification processes. Marine bivalves are well adapted to highly complex aquatic environments with various stressors. As filter feeders, they have to cope with highly potent microalgae-derived neurotoxins, such as paralytic shellfish toxin (PSTs). Zhikong scallops, Chlamys farreri, are commercially important bivalve with the remarkable ability to accumulate PSTs. Exploring the C1Qs related to PST accumulation in C. farreri could benefit our understanding of the adaptations of bivalve species. In the present study, we systematically analyzed C1Q genes in C. farreri. In total, 97 CfC1Q genes mainly from the expanded C1Q-B subfamily were identified, from which the C1QL, C1QTNF, and C1QDC1 members in C. farreri were revealed to be under positive selection. Spatiotemporal expression analysis revealed that most CfC1QLs and CfC1QDC1s were highly expressed during the post-umbo stage and in hepatopancreas, while most CfC1QTNF members were highly expressed after the creeping larva stage and in mantle. The hepatopancreas and kidney in C. farreri are two toxin-rich organs with the highest concentrations of PSTs, acting as major “centers” for toxin accumulation and transformation, respectively. Therefore, after feeding the scallops with PST-producing dinoflagellates Alexandrium minutum and Alexandrium catenella, we determined the expression patterns of CfC1Qs in these two organs. In kidney, more than 85% of CfC1QLs and CfC1QDC1s showed drastic up-regulation with both diets. However, among these members with significant induction, a different response manner was detected after feeding with A. minutum and A. catenella, respectively as acute and chronic response patterns. In comparison, far fewer CfC1Qs showing significant up-regulation in hepatopancreas with both toxic diets and only mild regulation pattern could be found. This organ-, toxin-, and time-dependent genetic regulation of CfC1Qs may contribute to the virulence difference on account of the tissue-specific or dinoflagellate-specific different toxin analogs composition, implying the possible involvement of CfC1Qs in PST transport and homeostasis. Our findings imply the functional diversity of scallop C1Q genes in coping with PST accumulation, which might be developed as potential molecular indicators for monitoring toxin accumulation in edible mollusks or provide insight into the lineage-specific adaptation of scallops for dealing with microalgal toxin challenges.

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Section: Feeding the Scallops With Two Different Toxic Dinoflagellates: A Minutum And A Catenellamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expansion of C1Q Genes in Zhikong Scallop and Their Expression Profiling After Exposure to the Toxic Dinoflagellates

Wang

Lian

et al. 2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…All experiments on scallops were conducted following institutional and national guidelines. The expression profiles of SOD genes in scallop developmental stages and adult organs/tissues were analyzed based on the RNA-seq data [25,66]. Briefly, embryos/larvae and adults of C. farreri were collected from the hatchery of Xunshan Group Co., Ltd. (Shandong, China).…”

Section: Expression Profiles Of Sod Genes During C Farreri Developmementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Expression Response Of Sod Genes To a Minutum And A Catenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, adult C. farreri was challenged with the PST-producing dinoflagellates A. minutum (strain AM-1) and A. catenella (strain ACDH) via feeding prior to sample collection [66]. No other noxious metabolites were previously reported in these two strains, but the main PST analogs in AM-1 and ACDH were gonyautoxins (GTX1-4) and N-sulfocarbamoyl-gonyautoxins (C-1,2), respectively [25,66,67]. The dinoflagellate cultures were grown in L1 medium at 17 • C/25 • C with a light: dark cycle of 12:12 h and were collected during the exponential growth phase at a cell density approaching 5 × 10 4 cells mL −1 [68,69].…”

Section: Expression Response Of Sod Genes To a Minutum And A Catenementioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of SODs in Zhikong Scallop Reveals Gene Expansion and Regulation Divergence after Toxic Dinoflagellate Exposure

et al. 2019

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As filter-feeding animals mainly ingesting microalgae, bivalves could accumulate paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) produced by harmful algae through diet. To protect themselves from the toxic effects of PSTs, especially the concomitant oxidative damage, the production of superoxide dismutase (SOD), which is the only eukaryotic metalloenzyme capable of detoxifying superoxide, may assist with toxin tolerance in bivalves. To better understand this process, in the present study, we performed the first systematic analysis of SOD genes in bivalve Chlamys farreri, an important aquaculture species in China. A total of six Cu/Zn-SODs (SOD1-6) and two Mn-SODs (SOD7, SOD8) were identified in C. farreri, with gene expansion being revealed in Cu/Zn-SODs. In scallops exposed to two different PSTs-producing dinoflagellates, Alexandrium minutum and A. catenella, expression regulation of SOD genes was analyzed in the top ranked toxin-rich organs, the hepatopancreas and the kidney. In hepatopancreas, which mainly accumulates the incoming PSTs, all of the six Cu/Zn-SODs showed significant alterations after A. minutum exposure, with SOD1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 being up-regulated, and SOD4 being down-regulated, while no significant change was detected in Mn-SODs. After A. catenella exposure, up-regulation was observed in SOD2, 4, 6, and 8, and SOD7 was down-regulated. In the kidney, where PSTs transformation occurs, SOD4, 5, 6, and 8 were up-regulated, and SOD7 was down-regulated in response to A. minutum feeding. After A. catenella exposure, all the Cu/Zn-SODs except SOD1 were up-regulated, and SOD7 was down-regulated in kidney. Overall, in scallops after ingesting different toxic algae, SOD up-regulation mainly occurred in the expanded Cu/Zn-SOD group, and SOD6 was the only member being up-regulated in both toxic organs, which also showed the highest fold change among all the SODs, implying the importance of SOD6 in protecting scallops from the stress of PSTs. Our results suggest the diverse function of scallop SODs in response to the PST-producing algae challenge, and the expansion of Cu/Zn-SODs might be implicated in the adaptive evolution of scallops or bivalves with respect to antioxidant defense against the ingested toxic algae.

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Contraction of Heat Shock Protein 70 Genes Uncovers Heat Adaptability of Ostrea denselamellosa

Dong,

Liu,

et al. 2023

J. Ocean Univ. China

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Diverse expression regulation of Hsp70 genes in scallops after exposure to toxic Alexandrium dinoflagellates

Cited by 37 publications

References 39 publications

Expansion of C1Q Genes in Zhikong Scallop and Their Expression Profiling After Exposure to the Toxic Dinoflagellates

Expansion of C1Q Genes in Zhikong Scallop and Their Expression Profiling After Exposure to the Toxic Dinoflagellates

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of SODs in Zhikong Scallop Reveals Gene Expansion and Regulation Divergence after Toxic Dinoflagellate Exposure

Contraction of Heat Shock Protein 70 Genes Uncovers Heat Adaptability of Ostrea denselamellosa

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