Diverse policies leading to contrasting impacts on land cover and ecosystem services in Northeast China

Mao, Dehua; He, Xingyuan; Wang, Zongming; Tian, Yan; Xiang, Hengxing; Man, Weidong; Jia, Mingming; Ren, Chunying; Zheng, Haifeng

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.117961

Cited by 215 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…To optimize water distribution programs through scientific water conservancy projects is very important. Therefore, appropriate measures need to be implemented by managers to further reduce the decline of lake areas [55], such as enhancing the drainage capacity of reservoirs in drought years but the storage capacity of reservoirs in flood years. In addition, we should control the expansion of paddy fields to relieve water stress and guarantee regional sustainable development in the NJW [56].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking Lake and Reservoir Changes in the Nenjiang Watershed, Northeast China: Patterns, Trends, and Drivers

Wang

Mao

et al. 2020

Water

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In terms of evident climate change and human activities, investigating changes in lakes and reservoirs is critical for sustainable protection of water resources and ecosystem management over the Nenjiang watershed (NJW), an eco-sensitive semi-arid region and the third-largest inland waterbody cluster in China. In this study, we established a multi-temporal dataset documenting lake and reservoir (area ≥ 1 km2) changes in this region using an object-oriented image classification method and Landsat series images from 1980 to 2015. Using the structural equation model (SEM), we analyzed the diverse impacts of climatic and anthropogenic variables on lake changes. Results indicated that lakes experienced significant changes with fluctuations over the past 35 years including obvious declines in the total area (by 42%) and number (by 51%) from 1980 to 2010 and a slight increase in the total lake area and number from 2010 to 2015. More than 235 lakes in the size class of 1–10 km2 decreased to small lakes (area < 1 km2), while 59 lakes covering 243.75 km2 disappeared. Total reservoir area and number had continuous increases during the investigated 35 years, with an areal expansion of 54.9% from 919 km2 to 1422 km2, and a number increase by 65.3% from 78 to 129. The SEM revealed that the lake area in the NJW had a significant correlation with the mean annual precipitation (MAP), suggesting that the MAP decline clarified most of the lake shrinkage in the NJW. Furthermore, agricultural consumption of water had potential impacts on lake changes, suggested by the significant relationship between cropland area and lake area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking Lake and Reservoir Changes in the Nenjiang Watershed, Northeast China: Patterns, Trends, and Drivers

Wang

Mao

et al. 2020

Water

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“…Under the impacts of the requisition-compensation balance policy, most of the cultivated land reserves in northeast China were reported to be reclaimed in order to compensate for losses in eastern coastal areas [8,33]. Taking the study area as an example, nearly 60% of the cultivated land reserves were reclaimed; over 20% of the land was occupied by other anthropogenic activities such urbanization from 1996 to 2015.…”

Section: Gain and Loss Via Reclamation Of Cultivated Land Reserves Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intrinsic distribution characteristics of land resources in China determine that the northeast region has to play a major part in shouldering the responsibility of compensating for the urbanization-induced cultivated land loss [8,33]. Consequently, the adverse effects brought on by agricultural expansion associated with the requisition-compensation balance policy seems inevitable, but yet mitigable.…”

Section: Policy-making Implications For Future Reclamationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reclamation of Cultivated Land Reserves in Northeast China: Indigenous Ecological Insecurity Underlying National Food Security

Wang

Liu

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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The competition for land resources created by the need for food security and ecological security is intensifying globally. To resolve the issue of land scarcity in agriculture following rapid urbanization, China implemented its requisition–compensation balance policy of cultivated lands in 1997, the introduction of which consumed numerous areas of land, such as river shoal and bare land, through reclamation. Moreover, these reclaimed and newly cultivated lands were mainly distributed in the northern part of China. Most previous studies of this subject have only examined the overall balance of cultivated lands in well-developed regions, and there is a lack of knowledge about the indigenous gains and losses before and after reclamation in important areas such as northeast China. Therefore, this study selected two representative county-level units in northeast China as the study area to analyze the conversion of cultivated land reserves during 1996–2015, evaluate the performance of reclaimed cultivated lands in terms of quality and productivity and calculate reclamation-induced changes in ecosystem service value. The results indicated that by 2015 only 16.02% of the original cultivated land reserves remained unconverted; nearly 60% were reclaimed as cultivated lands and over 20% were converted to other land resources. River shoal and ruderal land were the primary resources for cultivated lands compensation, and marsh, bare land and saline-alkaline land were found to be converted the most thoroughly. The gain of 23018.55 ha reclaimed cultivated lands were of relatively inferior quality and lower productivity, contributing approximately 4.32% of total grain output. However, this modest gain was at the expense of a 768.03 million yuan ecosystem services loss, with regulating services and supporting services being undermined the most. We argue that even if northeast China continues to shoulder the responsibility of compensating for a majority of cultivated land losses, it still needs to carefully process reclamation and introduce practical measures to protect indigenous ecosystems, in order to better serve the local residents and ensure prolonged food security with sustainability.

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“…Similarly, the rice-growing areas in Northeast China account for approximately one-third of the total land area. As shown in Figure 3, the woodland and the agricultural land occupy the majority of the land with 40.9% and 33.4%, respectively [20]. Therefore, in Northern China, timber and straw bales are two building materials that are widely applied in and available for all bio-based buildings.…”

Section: Bio-based Building Materials Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Sustainability of Bio-Based Building Materials in the Cold and Severe Cold Regions of China—A Case Study of Residential Buildings

et al. 2020

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The aim of this research is to investigate the energy sustainability of cross-laminated timber (CLT) and straw residential buildings in the Cold and Severe Cold Regions of China. In the study, three building materials, namely reinforced concrete (RC), CLT, and straw bale, are used separately to design the building envelope in reference residential buildings in different climate zones. The energy consumption during the operation phase of these buildings is then simulated using Integrated Environmental Solutions—Virtual Environment software (IES-VE). The results show that both CLT and straw buildings are more efficient than reinforced concrete with a reduction in energy consumption during the operational phase. Overall, the calculated heating energy-saving ratios for CLT buildings in Hailar, Harbin, Urumchi, Lanzhou, and Beijing are 3.04%, 7.39%, 7.43%, 12.69%, and 13.41%, respectively, when compared with RC. The calculated energy-saving ratios for heating in straw buildings in comparison with RC in these cities are 8.04%, 22.09%, 22.17%, 33.02%, and 34.28%, respectively. The results also reveal that a south orientation of the main building facade results in approximately 5% to 7% energy reduction in comparison with east or west orientations, and as the building height increases, energy consumption decreases gradually. Although RC is the most frequently used building material in Cold and Severe Cold regions in China, as bio-based building materials, there is great potential to promote CLT and straw bale construction in view of the energy sustainability features.

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Diverse policies leading to contrasting impacts on land cover and ecosystem services in Northeast China

Cited by 215 publications

References 41 publications

Tracking Lake and Reservoir Changes in the Nenjiang Watershed, Northeast China: Patterns, Trends, and Drivers

Tracking Lake and Reservoir Changes in the Nenjiang Watershed, Northeast China: Patterns, Trends, and Drivers

Reclamation of Cultivated Land Reserves in Northeast China: Indigenous Ecological Insecurity Underlying National Food Security

Energy Sustainability of Bio-Based Building Materials in the Cold and Severe Cold Regions of China—A Case Study of Residential Buildings

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