Diverse roles of EV-RNA in cancer progression

Cocks, Alexander; Martinez-Rodriguez, Verena; Vecchio, Filippo Del; Schukking, Monique; Broseghini, Elisabetta; Giannakopoulos, Stefanos; Fabbri, Muller

doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.022

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…The emerging use of liquid biopsies as a source of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, including extracellular vesicles, in known tumor types has shown a huge potential for the improvement of patient management [ 53 , 54 , 55 ], which needs to be translated in future studies and clinical practice of CUP [ 56 ] and HNCUP patients, to improve life expectancy and quality of life. In this systematic review, we found and reported only a paper that uses HPV sera protein as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HNCUP [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Head and Neck Cancer of Unknown Primary: An Unmet Clinical Need

et al. 2023

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Head and neck cancer of unknown primary (HNCUP) is defined as cervical lymph node metastases without a detectable primary tumor. The management of these patients presents a challenge to clinicians since guidelines in the diagnosis and treatment of HNCUP remain controversial. An accurate diagnostic workup is fundamental for the search for the hidden primary tumor to allow the best adequate treatment strategy. The purpose of this systematic review is to present the currently available data about the diagnostic and prognostic molecular biomarkers for HNCUP. Systematic research in an electronic database was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol and identified 704 articles, of which 23 studies were selected and included in the analysis. Fourteen studies investigated HNCUP diagnostic biomarkers and focused on the human papilloma virus (HPV) and the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) due to the strong associations with oropharyngeal cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer, respectively. HPV status was shown to possess prognostic value, correlating with longer disease-free survival and overall survival. HPV and EBV are the only available HNCUP biomarkers, and they are already used in clinical practice. A better characterization of the molecular profiling and the development of tissue-of-origin classifiers are necessary to improve the diagnosis, staging, and therapeutic management of patients with HNCUP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Head and Neck Cancer of Unknown Primary: An Unmet Clinical Need

et al. 2023

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“…Single extracellular vesicle (EV) analysis is pivotal in biomedical research ( 1-3 ), offering insights into diseases by examining EV heterogeneity ( 4 ), identifying disease-specific biomarkers ( 5 ), and monitoring disease progression through unique nucleic acids ( 6-8 ), proteins ( 9, 10 ), or other molecules ( 11 ). Therefore, investigating single EV contents provides crucial disease process information ( 12, 13 ).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Profiling of Tumor Extracellular Vesicle-associated RNAs Directly from Unprocessed Blood Plasma

Clarissa,

Kumar,

Park

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Tumor-derived extracellular vesicle (tEV)-associated RNAs hold promise as diagnostic biomarkers, but their clinical use is hindered by the rarity of tEVs among non-tumor EVs. Here, we present EV-CLIP, a highly sensitive droplet-based digital method for profiling EV RNA. EV-CLIP utilizes the fusion of EVs with charged liposomes (CLIPs) in a microfluidic chip. Optimized CLIP surface charge enables exceptional sensitivity and selectivity for EV-derived miRNAs and mRNAs. This approach streamlines detection with minimal plasma volume (20 μL) and eliminates the need for prior EV isolation or RNA preparation, preventing loss of EVs or RNA. In testing with 83 patient samples, EV-CLIP detected EGFR L858R and T790M mutations with high AUC values of 1.0000 and 0.9784, respectively. Its success in serial monitoring during chemotherapy highlights its potential for precise quantification of rare EV subpopulations, facilitating the exploration of single EV RNA content and enhancing understanding of diverse EV populations in various disease states.

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“…[93] RBPs likely play a key role in ncRNA incorporation into EVs. [94] By interacting with ncRNAs, these proteins can regulate ncRNAs to the site of EVs and protect them from intercellular degradation. [29] Of note, more than 500 RBPs have been identified in mammalian cells.…”

Section: Ncrna Loading Into Evsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles as Delivery Shippers for Noncoding RNA‐Based Modulation of Angiogenesis: Insights from Ischemic Stroke and Cancer

Pan

Liu

Wei

et al. 2023

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Ischemic stroke and systemic cancer are two of the leading causes of mortality. Hypoxia is a central pathophysiological component in ischemic stroke and cancer, representing a joint medical function. This function includes angiogenesis regulation. Vascular remodeling coupled with axonal outgrowth following cerebral ischemia is critical in improving poststroke neurological functional recovery. Antiangiogenic strategies can inhibit cancer vascularization and play a vital role in impeding cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis. Although there are significant differences in the cause of angiogenesis across both pathophysiological conditions, emerging evidence states that common signaling structures, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs) and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), are involved in this context. EVs, heterogeneous membrane vesicles encapsulating proteomic genetic information from parental cells, act as multifunctional regulators of intercellular communication. Among the multifaceted roles in modulating biological responses, exhaustive evidence shows that ncRNAs are selectively sorted into EVs, modulating common specific aspects of cancer development and stroke prognosis, namely, angiogenesis. This review will discuss recent advancements in the EV‐facilitated/inhibited progression of specific elements of angiogenesis with a particular concern about ncRNAs within these vesicles. The review is concluded by underlining the clinical opportunities of EV‐derived ncRNAs as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic agents.

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Diverse roles of EV-RNA in cancer progression

Cited by 18 publications

References 99 publications

A Systematic Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Head and Neck Cancer of Unknown Primary: An Unmet Clinical Need

A Systematic Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Head and Neck Cancer of Unknown Primary: An Unmet Clinical Need

Digital Profiling of Tumor Extracellular Vesicle-associated RNAs Directly from Unprocessed Blood Plasma

Extracellular Vesicles as Delivery Shippers for Noncoding RNA‐Based Modulation of Angiogenesis: Insights from Ischemic Stroke and Cancer

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