Diverse toxicological risks of PAHs in surface water with an impounding level of 175 m in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China

Tang, Yong; Junaid, Muhammad; Niu, Aping; Deng, Shun; Pei, De‐Sheng

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.12.064

Cited by 32 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Different source apportionment and receptor-oriented approaches have been developed and applied to identify the sources of PAHs in contaminated soil [61], such as the characteristic ratio method, positive matrix factorization (PMF), principal component analysis-multiple linear regression (PCA-MLR), unmix model, etc. [62,63]. Considering the differences in the composition and proportion of PAHs between different sources of pollution, the characteristic ratio method (considering the ratio of isomers with the same molecular weight) was used to identify the source of PAHs in this study.…”

Section: Statistical Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Spatial Distribution of Soil PAHs and their Relationship with Anthropogenic Activities at a National Scale

Zeng

Ren

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollution is a major concern due to its negative impact on soil quality around the world. In China, accurate data on soil PAHs and information on the relationship with anthropogenic activities are limited. In this study, about 30,800 samples from 1833 soil sample sites were reviewed from 306 published reports to build a soil PAHs database. Based on the data obtained, the results demonstrated that 24.11% of surface soils in China are heavily contaminated. Meanwhile, the concentration of soil PAHs varied, in the order of independent mining and industrial areas (IMIA) > urban areas > suburban areas > rural areas, and the spatial distribution in China demonstrated a descending trend from north to south. Moreover, the characteristic ratio and PCA-MLR (principal component analysis-multiple linear regression) analysis demonstrated that coal combustion and vehicular exhaust emissions were the main sources of soil PAH pollution in China. On the other hand, provincial total Σ16PAHs in surface soil were significantly correlated with the per square kilometer GDP (gross domestic product) of industrial land, the per capita GDP, as well as the production and consumption of energy. These results indicate that anthropogenic factors have greatly affected the levels of soil PAHs in China. This study improves our understanding on the status and sources of soil PAH contamination in China, thereby facilitating the implementation of strategies of prevention, control, and remediation of soils.

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Section: Statistical Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Spatial Distribution of Soil PAHs and their Relationship with Anthropogenic Activities at a National Scale

Zeng

Ren

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…The least toxicity was caused by air conditioning gas, which was 5.3 × 10 −6 kg1,4-DBeq t −1 MSW for 2015–16, and 7.51 × 10 −5 kg1,4-DBeq t −1 MSW by natural gas in 2016–17 (Figure 3). Non-point transport sources are one of the major sources of PAHs contamination in freshwater ecosystems, and in the present work, the most extensive activity of RWMC, waste transport, has proven to be a polluter of freshwater ecosystems (Tang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Environmental impact assessment of municipal solid waste management value chain: A case study from Pakistan

2020

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The present study quantified environmental impacts of the Rawalpindi Waste Management Company (RWMC) value chain in Pakistan for three consecutive years (2015–2018) using a cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. Energy potential from municipal solid wastes (MSW) was also predicted till the year 2050. Based on a functional unit of 1.0 tonne of MSW, the study analyzed inputs and outputs data through SimaPro v.8.3 applying CML 2000 methodology and cumulative exergy demand indicator (CExD). LCA revealed that operational activities of RWMC mainly contributed to marine aquatic ecotoxicity, i.e. 8962.83 kg1,4-DBeq t−1 MSW, indicating long-range transport of petrogenic hydrocarbons from the company’s fleet gasoline combustion. Similarly, human toxicity potential, global warming potential and freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity potential were also found to be significant, i.e. 18.14 kg1,4-DBeq t−1 MSW, 15.79 kgCO2eq t−1 MSW and 6.22 kg1,4-DBeq t−1 MSW, respectively. The CExD showed that company activities consumed 827.14 MJ t−1 MSW exergy from nature, and gasoline used in MSW transport was the most exergy-intensive process, using 634.47 MJ exergy per tonne MSW disposed of. Projections for energy generation potential up to the year 2050 showed that MSW of Rawalpindi city will have the potential to produce 3901 megawatt of energy to fulfill the energy needs of the country. Possible stratagems to reduce environmental impacts from the municipal solid waste management (MSWM) value chain of RWMC include curtailing dependency on petrogenic and fossil fuels in mobile sources, optimization of waste collection methods and dumping routes, inclining attention toward suitable wastes-to-energy conversion technology and opting for a holistic approach of MSWM in Pakistan.

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“…Therefore, the increase in demand for heat in winter might be responsible for the increased PAHs in water. Moreover, migration of PAHs may have increased with the impounding of the water in the TGR area (Tang et al., 2017); the increased consumption of oil by ship could also account for the increase in PAHs (Yin & Xiong, 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and migration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment and water of the Three Gorges Reservoir

Shi

et al. 2022

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Sediment and water samples were collected from Xiangxi Bay in the Three Gorges Reservoir area of China to study the spatial distribution, migration, and ecological risks of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) across four periods associated with different water levels from June 2017 to March 2018. Results showed that PAH contents ranged from 178.61 to 250.20 ng L −1 in water and from 5.26 to 1,325.25 ng g −1 in sediments, leading to a classification of moderate pollution in Xiangxi Bay relative to that in other estuarine systems. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon levels varied across the four stages, with the proportion of two-, three-, and four-ringed PAHs increasing in water and five-and six-ringed PAHs decreasing in sediment across these periods. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the amount of five-and six-ringed PAHs in water was significantly and positively correlated with the amount of suspended solids (p < .05) and that three-ringed PAHs in sediments were significantly and positively correlated with the amount of soil organic matter (p < .05). Based on fugacity fraction estimation, two-ringed PAHs mainly diffused from sediment to water, whereas five-and six-ringed PAHs mostly migrated from water to sediment across stages. Ecological risk assessment revealed that PAHs present a moderate ecological risk in Xiangxi Bay overall, with low ecological risk in the second and fourth water level stages and moderate ecological risk in the first and third stages in sediment.

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Diverse toxicological risks of PAHs in surface water with an impounding level of 175 m in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China

Cited by 32 publications

References 75 publications

Assessing the Spatial Distribution of Soil PAHs and their Relationship with Anthropogenic Activities at a National Scale

Assessing the Spatial Distribution of Soil PAHs and their Relationship with Anthropogenic Activities at a National Scale

Environmental impact assessment of municipal solid waste management value chain: A case study from Pakistan

Distribution and migration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment and water of the Three Gorges Reservoir

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