Diversidade de Syrphidae (Diptera) em cinco áreas com situações florísticas distintas no Parque Estadual Vila Velha em Ponta Grossa, Paraná

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Diversity of Syrphidae (Diptera) in five areas with distinct vegetational composition in Vila Velha State Park, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, southern Brazil. The syrphids were surveyed in five floristically different areas within Vila Velha State Park in east central Paraná, Ponta Grossa, southern Brazil. Areas were classified as edge, araucaria, early (phase 1), middle (phase 2) and late (phase 3) vegetational succession, in which Malaise traps were used, with weekly collections (from September/1999 to August/2000). Nearly 300,000 Diptera were collected, in order of abundance in Araucaria area (n=74,331 individuals, 25% of the total), early (73,782; 25%), late (59,339; 20%), middle (53,623; 18%) and edge (38,796; 13%). A total of 1,345 syrphids, including 97 species, were identified. The greatest abundance and richness were both observed in the edge (n=684 specimens in 54 species), followed by early (n=250; 51), Araucaria (n=162; 34), late (n=146; 31) and middle succession area (n=103; 27). Syrphidae abundance was uncorrelated with Diptera abundance in the five areas. Syrphidae was greatest in the edge, while greatest abundance of Diptera was in the Araucaria and the least was in the edge area. Syrphinae (82% of all Syrphidae collected), Microdontinae and Eristalinae were collected in the five areas. In the three successional stages areas (early, middle and late), Syrphinae was greatest in early, and more or less equally low in middle and late. The greatest abundance and richness occurred in most anthropogenically disturbed areas (edge and early), while the least occurred in the best preserved areas (middle and late succession). Cluster analysis showed that the two later successional stages were most similar, and the edge was the least similar to all the other areas. KEYWORDS.Flower-flies, abundance, richness, Neotropical. RESUMO. Um inventariamento dos sifídeos foi realizado em cinco áreas com situações florísticas diferentes dentro do Parque EstadualVila Velha, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, sul do Brasil. As áreas foram classificadas como Borda, Araucária, estágio inicial de sucessão (Fase 1), estágio intermediário de sucessão (Fase 2) e estágio avançado de sucessão (Fase 3). As coletas foram semanais durante o período de Setembro/1999 a Agosto/2000 utilizando-se armadilha Malaise. Aproximadamente 300.000 dípteros foram capturados nas áreas (apresentadas em ordem de abundância): Araucária (n=74.331 indivíduos, 25% do total), Fase 1 (73.782; 25%), Fase 3 (59.339; 20%), Fase 2 (53.623; 18%) e borda (38.796; 13%). Um total de 1.345 indivíduos de Syrphidae, de 97 espécies, foram identificados. As maiores abundância e riqueza de espécies foram encontradas na Borda (n=684 espécimes em 54 espécies), seguida pela Fase 1 (250; 51), Araucária (162; 34), Fase 3 (146; 31) e Fase 2 (103; 27). A abundância de Syrphidae não se correlacionou à de Diptera em nenhuma área. Syrphidae foi mais abundante na Borda e Diptera na área de Araucária. Syrphinae (82% de todos os sirfídeos coletados), Microdontinae e Eristalinae foram registra...

Spatio-temporal dynamics of Alticini (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) in a fragment of Araucaria Forest in the state of Parana, Brazil

“…Species Composition: The percentage of exclusives and common species of Alticini were similar to those found in Coleoptera by with 59% and 4%, respectively, and in Syrphidae (Diptera) (Jorge et al 2007) with 51.5% and 4.2%, respectively, both studies developed at the same sampling areas. This indicates that despite the close proximity among sampling areas (minimum and maximum distances of 70m and 1,200m, respectively) and even the different taxa sampled (Diptera and Coleoptera), the number of shared species is very low, suggesting that the disctinct characteristics from each sampling areas are manintaining the high beta diversity.…”

“…Thus, not only Syrphidae but also Alticini, Carabidae and Curculionidade (unpublished data) seem to be more related to open areas having higher anthropogenic interference or in early stages of succession. The Alticini species composition of the Borda and of the areas considered more conserved, Fase 2 and Fase 3, were the most dissimilar, as well as for whole Coleoptera and Syrphidae (Jorge et al 2007). Didham et al (1998) studying the effects of fragmentation on beetles species composition in fragments in Central Amazon, also observed that the greatest differences in the species composition occurred among edge areas and continuous forests.…”

“…Didham et al (1998) studying the effects of fragmentation on beetles species composition in fragments in Central Amazon, also observed that the greatest differences in the species composition occurred among edge areas and continuous forests. and Jorge et al (2007) found that areas in more advanced stage of vegetal succession, Fase 2 and Fase 3, showed more similarity in species composition. Contrary to this findings, Alticini species composition in the areas Fase 1, Araucaria and Fase 2 were the most similar (Fig.…”

“…According to Jorge et al (2007), Syrphidae in the Borda area have a greater availability of niche which allows a greater food supply both to the larvae (predators) as for the adults (flower visitors). Thus, not only Syrphidae but also Alticini, Carabidae and Curculionidade (unpublished data) seem to be more related to open areas having higher anthropogenic interference or in early stages of succession.…”

What does the Southern Brazilian Coastal Plain tell about its diversity? Syrphidae (Diptera) as a model

“…In the open areas of Arroio Corrientes, there is a high incidence of sunlight, as well as small vegetation fragments with borders that are very close to areas where traps were installed. Frequently, shorter distances to the border were associated with greater Syrphidae richness and abundance, due to the association of these Diptera with floral vegetation, which supports a diet of nectar and pollen (Vockeroth & Thompson, 1987; Owen, 1991; Marinoni et al ., 2004; Jorge et al ., 2007). At the borders there are also more niches available, with large offerings of dietary resources – as much to the larvae as to adult syrphids (Jorge et al ., 2007).…”