Diversidade genética entre cultivares de mangueiras, baseada em caracteres de qualidade dos frutos

Abstract

Genetic diversity among cultivars of mango based on fruit quality traitsThe mango crop is one of the most significant agribusiness in Brazil. Although there are many cultivars, cultivation has been done primarily with 'Tommy Atkins' and there are few studies on characterization and analysis of genetic diversity in different areas of production. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the genetic diversity of fifteen mango cultivars, eight from Brazil and seven from Florida (USA), produced in the Zona da Mata Mineira region. Fifteen ripe fruits from each cultivar were collected and analyzed chemically and physically. The cultivars that showed more similarities were 'Kent' and 'Palmer'. 'Extrema' was not grouped with the others by the UPGMA clustering method. This analysis was also used for the separation of Brazilian and USA cultivars. The principal component analysis of the chemical characteristics did not group the cultivars 'Extrema' and 'Tommy Atkins' with the others. The physical characteristics showed the same separation obtained by the UPGMA method, except for the cultivar 'Extrema' that was grouped with other cultivars. There was correlation between the color of the pulp, hue angle, and total soluble sugar content and between the color of the peel, b* index and percentage of peel and pulp. A mangueira é uma das fruteiras mais importantes do Brasil. Apesar de existirem muitos cultivares, o cultivo tem sido realizado basicamente com o cultivar 'Tommy Atkins' e existem poucos trabalhos sobre caracterização e análise da diversidade genética dos genótipos disponíveis. Por isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a diversidade genética de 15 cultivares de mangueiras, produzidos na Zona da Mata Mineira, sendo oito brasileiros e sete oriundos da Flórida (EUA). Para isto, frutos maduros dos 15 cultivares foram colhidos e analisados química e fisicamente. Os cultivares que se apresentaram mais similares foram 'Kent' e 'Palmer'. O cultivar 'Extrema' não se agrupou com os outros pelo método de agrupamento UPGMA, e, por esta análise houve a separação dos cultivares brasileiros e norte-americanos. Quanto às características químicas, a técnica de componentes principais não agrupou os cultivares 'Extrema' e 'Tommy Atkins' com os demais; já quanto às características físicas, observou-se a mesma separação obtida pelo agrupamento UPGMA, com exceção do cultivar 'Extrema' que, neste caso, agrupou-se com os demais cultivares. Observou-se correlação entre a coloração da polpa, o ângulo hue e o teor de açúcares solúveis totais e entre a coloração da casca, o índice b* e a percentagem de casca e polpa. Palavras-chave:Mangifera indica L., correlação, agrupamento.

Quality of different tropical fruit cultivars produced in the Lower Basin of the São Francisco Valley1

“…Results observed for the mango were lower than those discussed by Silva et al (2012), who when studying 15 cultivars, found levels ranging from 0.2 to 3.4 g 100 g -1 in Haden and Tommy Atkins respectively. In the present study, the greatest starch content in ripe mangoes was seen in fruits of the Espada cultivar, equivalent to 0.4 g 100 g-1 (Table 5).…”

Selection of mango rosa genotypes in a breeding population using the multivariate-biplot method

“…Similar values for the total variation were detected by the first principal component and reported for other perennial species. In mango fruit, the chemical variables were explained by PC1 (45.7%), PC2 (20.9%), and PC3 (16.9%) (SILVA et al, 2012). In palm oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.…”

“…Given the importance of quantitative characters for breeding programs, studies have been conducted with multivariate techniques for various species such as vine (BORGES et al, 2010;BATISTA et al, 2015), mango (SILVA et al, 2012), banana (ALVES et al, 2012), strawberry (MORALES et al;2011), papaya (RODRIGUES et al, 2010, and palm oil (OKOYE et al, 2007) trees.…”

Boron fertilizing management on fruit production and quality of mango cv. Palmer in semiarid

“…Carvalho et al (2004) registered average TA values range 0.07-0.3 g citric acid 100 g -1 of pulp in mature fruits of mango cv. Palmer, whereas Silva et al (2012b) reported 0.20 g citric acid 100 g -1 of pulp also for cv. Palmer.…”