Diversification of Nitrogen Sources in Various Tundra Vegetation Types in the High Arctic

Skrzypek, Grzegorz; Wojtuń, Bronisław; Richter, Dorota; Jakubas, Dariusz; Wojczulanis‐Jakubas, Katarzyna; Samecka-Cymerman, Aleksandra

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0136536

Cited by 54 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…Ornithocoprophilous tundra vegetation, featuring Chrysosplenium tetrandrum and Cochlearia groenlandica as the prevailing species, is present in the northwestern part of the study area (Dubiel and Olech 1992;Wojtuń et al 2013;Skrzypek et al 2015). Detailed data on the soils and tundra vegetation of the study area are presented by Szymański et al (2013Szymański et al ( , 2015Szymański et al ( , 2016, Wojtuń et al (2013), Migała et al (2014), and Skrzypek et al (2015). The study area experiences suboceanic climate conditions with a mean annual air temperature of -4.2 o C and mean precipitation of 450 mm per year (Marsz and Styszyńska 2007).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Texture and geochemistry of surface horizons of Arctic soils from a non-glaciated catchment, SW Spitsbergen

Szymański¹,

Siwek²,

Waścińska³

2016

Polish Polar Research

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Physical and chemical properties of Arctic soils and especially the properties of surface horizons of the soils are very important because they are responsible for the rate and character of plant colonization, development of vegetation cover, and influence the rate and depth of thawing of soils and development of active layer of permafrost during summer. The main aim of the present study is to determine and explain the spatial diversity of selected physical and chemical properties of surface horizons of Arctic soils from the non-glaciated Fuglebekken catchment located in the Hornsund area (SW Spitsbergen) by means of geostatistical approach. Results indicate that soil surface horizons in the Fuglebekken catchment are characterized by highly variable physical and chemical properties due to a heterogeneous parent material (marine sediments, moraine, rock debris), tundra vegetation types, and non-uniform influence of seabirds. Soils experiencing the strongest influence of seabird guano have a lower pH than other soils. Soils developed on the lateral moraine of the Hansbreen glacier have the highest pH due to the presence of carbonates in the parent material and a lack or presence of a poorly developed and discontinuous A horizon. The soil surface horizons along the coast of the Hornsund exhibit the highest content of the sand fraction and SiO 2 . The surface of soils occurring at the foot of the slope of Ariekammen Ridge is characterized by the highest content of silt and clay fractions as well as Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , and K 2 O. Soils in the central part of the Fuglebekken catchment are depleted in CaO, MgO, and Na 2 O in comparison with soils in the other sampling sites, which indicates the highest rate of leaching in this part of the catchment.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Texture and geochemistry of surface horizons of Arctic soils from a non-glaciated catchment, SW Spitsbergen

Szymański¹,

Siwek²,

Waścińska³

2016

Polish Polar Research

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“…The quantity of nutrients introduced by bird colonies into polar ecosystems low in nutrients is higher than from other sources, such as precipitation, sea spray or nitrogen assimilated from heterocytous cyanobacteria (Erskine et al 1998;Bokhorst et al 2007;Skrzypek et al 2015). Decomposition by soil microorganisms releases nutrients into circulation, and they may be assimilated by producers (Ryan and Watkins 1989;Cragg and Bardgett 2001;Hodkinson et al 2002;Smith and Froneman 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanobacterial and algal diversity in the vicinity of two different seabird colonies in Spitsbergen

Pietryka¹,

Richter²,

Matuła³

2016

Polish Polar Research

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Abstract:The aim of the study was to compare cyanobacterial and algal assemblages occurring in ornithocoprophilous habitats formed under the influence of two seabird colonies (mixed colony of piscivorous Uria lomvia and Rissa tridactyla and planktivorous Alle alle) nesting on the southwest side of Hornsund (Spitsbergen). Various influences of the bird colonies (e.g. surface trophy, treading) lead to the formation of ornithogenic habitats with quantitatively and qualitatively diverse cyanobacterial and algal assemblages. Only 6 species common to both habitats were identified, but due to their different proportions the similarity ended there. Cyanobacterial and algal assemblages of both ornithogenic habitats also react rather differently to the intensity of the bird colonies' influence. The assemblages located directly beneath piscivorous bird nests were characterized by a larger number of species, which decreased the farther from the colony it was. Cyanobacterial and algal assemblages located directly next to planktivorous bird nests were species poor, but species richness increased at locations farther from their direct influence. The obtained results confirmed that bird colonies characterized by different diet and behavior influenced the formation of two separate, quantitatively and qualitatively different cyanobacterial and algal assemblages. Species such as Eucapsis sp., Gleocapsopsis sp., Gloeothece sp., Woronichinia sp., Hematococcus sp. were characteristic for algae and cyanobacteria assemblages in the vicinity of piscivorous bird colonies, whereas Aphanocapsa sp., Gloeothece sp., Komvophoron minutum, Pseudanabaena sp., Gloeocystis sp. 2 occurred in the vicinity of planktivorous bird colonies.

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“…Nutrient cycling in the Arctic growing season is heavily associated with microbial and fungal activity, either free-living or associated with plants (Longton 1988;and for boreal regions, see DeLuca et al 2002;Davey et al 2012;Zackrisson et al 2009;Stewart et al 2011;Vile et al 2014;Skrzypek et al 2015). Plants rely on bacteria and fungi to obtain sufficient nitrogen in the form of nitrates and ammonium (DeLuca et al 2002).…”

Section: Changing Interspecies Interactions In a Warming Climate: Brymentioning

confidence: 99%

Future directions and priorities for Arctic bryophyte research

et al. 2017

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The development of evidence-based international strategies for the conservation and management of Arctic ecosystems in the face of climate change is hindered by critical knowledge gaps in Arctic floristic diversity and evolution. Particularly poorly studied are the bryophytes, which dominate the vegetation across vast areas of the Arctic and consequently play an important role in global biogeochemical cycles. Currently, much of what is known about Arctic floristic evolution is based on studies of vascular plants. Bryophytes, however, possess a number of features, such as poikilohydry, totipotency, several reproductive strategies, and the ability to disperse through microscopic diaspores, that may cause their responses to Arctic environments to differ from those of the vascular plants. Here we discuss several priority areas identified in the Arctic Council's "Arctic Biodiversity Assessment" that are necessary to illuminate patterns of Arctic bryophyte evolution and diversity, including dispersal, glacial refugia, local adaptation, and ecological interactions with bryophyte-associated microbiomes. A survey of digitally available herbarium data archived in the largest online aggregate, GBIF, across the Arctic to boreal zones indicates that sampling coverage of mosses is heterogeneous and relatively sparse in the Arctic sensu stricto. A coordinated international effort across the Arctic will be necessary to address knowledge gaps in Arctic bryophyte diversity and evolution in the context of ongoing climate change.Key words: biodiversity, dispersal, local adaptation, microbiome, phylogeography.

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Diversification of Nitrogen Sources in Various Tundra Vegetation Types in the High Arctic

Cited by 54 publications

References 56 publications

Texture and geochemistry of surface horizons of Arctic soils from a non-glaciated catchment, SW Spitsbergen

Texture and geochemistry of surface horizons of Arctic soils from a non-glaciated catchment, SW Spitsbergen

Cyanobacterial and algal diversity in the vicinity of two different seabird colonies in Spitsbergen

Future directions and priorities for Arctic bryophyte research

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