Diversity and distribution of a deeply branched novel proteobacterial group found in anaerobic–aerobic activated sludge processes

Kong, Yunhong; Ong, Say Leong; Ng, Wenfa; Liu, Wen Tso

doi:10.1046/j.1462-2920.2002.00357.x

Cited by 145 publications

(158 citation statements)

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“…(putative GAOs) were found to be more widely distributed and typically in higher abundances than Cluster 1 or Cluster 2 Defluviicoccus (Kong et al, 2002(Kong et al, , 2006Saunders et al, 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Meyer et al, 2006), SBR9-1a for Alphaproteobacteria Sphingomonas spp. (Beer et al, 2004), PAOMIX (Crocetti et al, 2000) for the Betaproteobacteria Accumulibacter spp., and GAOMIX (equal amounts of GAOQ989 and GB_G2 Kong et al, 2002) for the Gammaproteobacteria Competibacter spp. All microscopic examinations were carried out using a Zeiss LSM510 Meta confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abundance and ecophysiology of Defluviicoccus spp., glycogen-accumulating organisms in full-scale wastewater treatment processes

et al. 2007

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The activity of glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs) in enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) wastewater treatment plants has been proposed as one cause of deterioration of EBPR. Putative GAOs from the Alphaproteobacteria, Defluviicoccus spp. (including D. vanus), were studied in full-scale EBPR plants to determine their distribution, abundance and ecophysiology. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) demonstrated that Defluviicoccus spp. were generally low in abundance; however, in one plant surveyed, Cluster 2 Defluviicoccus constituted 9 % of all Bacteria. FISH combined with microautoradiography revealed that both Cluster 1 and Cluster 2 Defluviicoccus were capable of taking up a narrow range of substrates including acetate, propionate, pyruvate and glucose under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. Formate, butyrate, ethanol and several other substrates were not taken up. Cluster 2 Defluviicoccus demonstrated a phenotype consistent with the current metabolic model for GAOs -anaerobic assimilation of acetate and reduction to polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) using the glycolytic pathway, and aerobic consumption of PHA. Polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs, 'Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis') and other putative GAOs ('Candidatus Competibacter phosphatis') co-existed in two plants with Cluster 2 Defluviicoccus, but in both plants, the latter organisms were more abundant. Thus Cluster 2 Defluviicoccus can be relatively abundant and could be carbon competitors of PAOs and other GAOs in EBPR plants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance and ecophysiology of Defluviicoccus spp., glycogen-accumulating organisms in full-scale wastewater treatment processes

et al. 2007

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“…LGCmix [equimolar concentrations of LGC354A, LGC354B and LGC354C (Meier et al, 1999)], TM7905 (Hugenholtz et al, 2001), Ntspa1413 (Maixner et al, 2006), HoAc1402 (Juretschko et al, 2002), CFX1223 and GNSB-941 (Bjornsson et al, 2002), Actino-221, Actino-651 (Kong et al, 2005), and PAOmix [equimolar concentrations of PAO651, PAO462 and PAO846 (Crocetti et al, 2000)], GB_G1 (GAOQ989) (Crocetti et al, 2002) and GB_G2, GB_1&2, GB_3, GB_4, GB_5, GB_7 (Kong et al, 2002), GB_6 [Gam1019 (Nielsen et al, 1999)], Cluster 6a-192 (Adamczyk et al, 2003), ZRA23a (Rossello-Mora et al, 1995), Azo644 (Hess et al, 1997), Thau-646 (Lajoie et al, 2000), Aqs997 (Thomsen et al, 2004), Sap309 (Schauer & Hahn, 2005), CF319a and CF319b (Manz et al, 1996) were used for FISH. All the probes, except the EUBmix, which was labelled with FLUOS, were labelled with either Cy3 or Cy5 (only for specificity check).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eight OTUs were found in Gammaproteobacteria and all were related to uncultured bacterial clones. Two of them clustered to known GAOs, the GB group in Gammaproteobacteria (Kong et al, 2002) (OTUs 54 and 55, 94.1-97.6 % similarity). Among the Alphaproteobacteria, four OTUs were identified.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysis Of Skagen Sludgementioning

confidence: 99%

“…FISH studies (Crocetti et al, 2000;Kong et al, 2004;Wong et al, 2005) in EBPR WWTPs have shown that polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) related to Rhodocyclus (RPAO or Accumulibacter) (Crocetti et al, 2000;Hesselmann et al, 1999) and certain Actinobacteria (Kong et al, 2005) are abundant. Glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs) are present in many WWTPs and are mainly Gammaproteobacteria of the GB group (Competibacter) (Crocetti et al, 2002;Kong et al, 2002Kong et al, , 2006Nielsen et al, 1999), and in some WWTPs alphaproteobacterial Defluviicoccus (Burow et al, 2007). Otherwise, very little information exists about the other potentially important micro-organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure and function of the microbial community in a full-scale enhanced biological phosphorus removal plant

et al. 2007

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The structure and function of the microbial community in a full-scale enhanced biological phosphorus removal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP; Skagen) were investigated using the full-cycle rRNA approach, combined with ecophysiological studies. A total of 87 16S rRNA gene sequences were retrieved, and 78 operational taxonomic units were identified. Novel oligonucleotide probes were designed, and quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that six hitherto undescribed probe-defined groups within the phylum Bacteroidetes (two groups), and classes Betaproteobacteria (two groups) and Gammaproteobacteria (two groups), were relatively abundant (.1 % of total biovolume) in the Skagen WWTP and 10 other full-scale WWTPs with biological P removal. The most abundant was a group of rod-shaped Bacteroidetes attached to filamentous bacteria, which is distantly related to the genus Haliscomenobacter of the family Saprospiraceae, and comprised 9-19 % of the bacterial biovolume in all the WWTPs investigated. The other five probe-defined groups were found in all WWTPs, but they were less abundant (1-6 %). Two groups had a glycogen-accumulating phenotype and one Dechloromonas-related group had a polyphosphate-accumulating phenotype, and they were potentially all involved in denitrification. In total, about 81 % of all bacteria hybridizing with the general eubacterial probe were detected in the Skagen WWTP by using clone-or group-specific probes, indicating that most members of the microbial community had been identified. INTRODUCTIONAn increasing number of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are designed, or have been upgraded, to remove C, N and P by using microbial activity in the process known as enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR). This process is popular mainly because it is more environmentally friendly, due to reduced use of chemicals and low sludge production, compared to P removal by chemical precipitation (Seviour et al., 2003). The general understanding of design and operation of activated-sludge WWTPs has increased significantly in the last two decades, but occasionally EBPR WWTPs still suffer from suboptimal operation and breakdown of the P-removal process. These problems are believed to be due to poor understanding of the structure of the microbial community in EBPR WWTPs and insufficient knowledge of the ecophysiology of the key microbial populations.Our understanding of the microbiology of EBPR WWTPs is to a large extent obtained from culture-independent studies using enriched cultures in well-controlled laboratory-scale reactors by using the full-cycle rRNA approach (Amann, 1995), as reviewed in detail by Mino et al. (1998) and Seviour et al. (2003). Some potentially important micro-organisms involved in the EBPR process have been identified in such laboratory-scale reactors, but only a few of them have been shown to be important in full-scale WWTPs. These are all uncultured organisms and can thus only be detected and quantified by using molecular methods such as fluorescence in situ hybrid...

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Anaerobic metabolism of propionate by polyphosphate-accumulating organisms in enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems

Oehmen

Zeng

Yuan

et al. 2005

Biotechnol. Bioeng.

188

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Propionate, a carbon substrate abundant in many prefermenters, has been shown in several previous studies to be a more favorable substrate than acetate for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR). The anaerobic metabolism of propionate by polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) is studied in this paper. A metabolic model is proposed to characterize the anaerobic biochemical transformations of propionate uptake by PAOs. The model is demonstrated to predict very well the experimental data from a PAO culture enriched in a laboratory-scale reactor with propionate as the sole carbon source. Quantitative fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) analysis shows that Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis, the only identified PAO to date, constitute 63% of the bacterial population in this culture. Unlike the anaerobic metabolism of acetate by PAOs, which induces mainly poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) production, the major fractions of poly-beta-hydroxyalkanoate (PHA) produced with propionate as the carbon source are poly-beta-hydroxyvalerate (PHV) and poly-beta-hydroxy-2-methylvalerate (PH2MV). PHA formation correlates very well with a selective (or nonrandom) condensation of acetyl-CoA and propionyl-CoA molecules. The maximum specific propionate uptake rate by PAOs found in this study is 0.18 C-mol/C-mol-biomass . h, which is very similar to the maximum specific acetate uptake rate reported in literature. The energy required for transporting 1 carbon-mole of propionate across the PAO cell membrane is also determined to be similar to the transportation of 1 carbon-mole of acetate. Furthermore, the experimental results suggest that PAOs possess a similar preference toward acetate and propionate uptake on a carbon-mole basis.

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Diversity and distribution of a deeply branched novel proteobacterial group found in anaerobic–aerobic activated sludge processes

Cited by 145 publications

References 14 publications

Abundance and ecophysiology of Defluviicoccus spp., glycogen-accumulating organisms in full-scale wastewater treatment processes

Abundance and ecophysiology of Defluviicoccus spp., glycogen-accumulating organisms in full-scale wastewater treatment processes

Structure and function of the microbial community in a full-scale enhanced biological phosphorus removal plant

Anaerobic metabolism of propionate by polyphosphate-accumulating organisms in enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems

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