Diversity and distribution of Bryophytes and Lichens of El Colorado, Central Chile

Abstract

<jats:p>Diversity and distribution of lichens and bryophytes in a native mixed forest in the locality of El Colorado, Central Chile were studied. The bryophytes and lichens were collected from as many different available substrates. A total of 58 taxa, 30 mosses, 5 hepatics and 23 lichens were determined. Of these, 22 are new reports for the Maule region, Chile: 13 mosses, 5 liverworts and 4 lichens. For each taxon, the worldwide, continental and insular distribution, ecology and collection number are given. On the basis of the available information it is clear that there is a need for the protection of El Colorado locality, which constitutes a refuge for the conservation of lichens and bryophytes. Se estudió la diversidad briofítica y liquénica presente en un bosque nativo mixto de la localidad del Colorado, Chile Central. Los briófitos y líquenes estudiados fueron colectados a partir de diferentes sustratos disponibles. Se determinó un total de 58 taxa, 30 musgos, 5 hepáticas y 23 líquenes. Del número total de taxa, 22 corresponden a nuevas citas para la región del Maule: 13 musgos, 5 hepáticas y 4 líquenes. Para cada taxon, se entrega su distribución mundial, continental e insular, ecología y número de colecta. La información disponible provee la base para proponer la protección de la localidad de El Colorado, la cual constituye un refugio para la conservación de briófitos y líquenes.</jats:p>

Evidence of endozoochory in upland geese Chloephaga picta and white‐bellied seedsnipes Attagis malouinus in sub‐Antarctic Chile

“…Finally, S. robusta was described between 35°S (Maule and Bío‐Bío, Chile) and 55°S (Magallanes, Chile, and Tierra del Fuego, Argentina). It can also be found within 40°S and 43°S in New Zealand and has been recorded in the Falkland and South Georgia Islands (Moraga, 2020; Pereira et al., 2006).…”

“…Lindb., family Bartramiaceae. P. strictum and C. tetragonum are bipolar species, meaning that they are present in high latitudes of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, whereas S. robusta is considered endemic to Patagonia (Pereira et al., 2006). According to the Tropicos database of the Missouri Botanical Garden (Tropicos.org, 2021; http://www.tropicos.org, visited on 4 April 2021), in the Southern Hemisphere, P. strictum can be found widely distributed from Bolivia to the Magallanes region of Chile and Tierra del Fuego, Argentina (Ireland et al., 2006).…”

A molecular-genetic reassessment of the circumscription of the lichen genusIcmadophila

“…Until 1993, Icmadophila contained the single species I. ericetorum, which has a Holarctic distribution but had also been reported from New Zealand (Galloway 1985(Galloway , 2007, South Africa (Drège 1843;Doidge 1950) and South America (Pereira et al 2006). However, the presence of this species in New Zealand and South Africa is now considered highly doubtful (Ludwig 2015).…”

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“…Alguns estudos apontaram refúgios para as briófitas na Espanha, devido aos progressivos desmatamento e desertificação (Varo et al, 1992); nos Estados Unidos, em recessos profundos de penhascos, onde as temperaturas e a umidade são mais estáveis (Farrar, 1998;Glime, 2017), e em carvalhos isolados de regiões urbanas, onde áreas de savanas históricas de carvalho nativo estão cada vez mais restritas (Merrifield, 2000); e, ainda, no Chile, em encostas íngremes e úmidas, para espécies frequentes em outras latitudes do país (Pereira et al, 2006). Para o Brasil -na Paraíba -, afloramentos rochosos em remanescentes de Mata Atlântica e em regiões da Caatinga representam refúgios para briófitas com distribuição restrita (Silva, J.…”