Diversity and distribution of lepidopteran stemborer species and their host plants in Botswana

Moeng, Eva; Mutamiswa, Reyard; Conlong, Des E.; Assefa, Yoseph; Rü, Bruno P. Le; Goftishu, Muluken; Nyamukondiwa, Casper

doi:10.1007/s11829-018-9622-0

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…partellus key host plants (maize and sorghum) are grown in these countries on both small‐ and large‐scale farms, there is a greater likelihood of frequent and severe pest outbreaks. Supported by other non‐crop wild plant hosts, 66 this may support Ch. partellus pest proliferation that may increase pest populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Biogeography of cereal stemborers and their natural enemies: forecasting pest management efficacy under changing climate

Mutamiswa

Chikowore

Nyamukondiwa

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

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Background Climate warming presents physiological challenges to insects, manifesting as loss of key life‐history fitness traits and survival. For interacting host–parasitoid species, physiological responses to heat stress may vary, thereby potentially uncoupling trophic ecological relationships. Here, we assessed heat tolerance traits and sensitivity to prevailing and future maximum temperatures for the cereal stemborer pests, Chilo partellus, Busseola fusca and Sesamia calamistis and their endo‐parasitoids, Cotesia sesamiae and Cotesia flavipes. We further used the machine learning algorithm, Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt), to model current and potential distribution of these species. Results The mean critical thermal maxima (CTmax) ranged from 39.5 ± 0.9°C to 44.6 ± 0.6°C and from 46.8 ± 0.7°C to 48.5 ± 0.9°C for parasitoids and stemborers, with C. sesamiae and Ch. partellus exhibiting the lowest and highest CTmax respectively. From the current climate to the 2050s scenario, parasitoids recorded a significant reduction in warming tolerance compared with their hosts. Habitat suitability for all stemborer–parasitoid species was spatially heterogeneous under current and future climatic scenarios. Cotesia sesamiae C. flavipes and B. fusca exhibited significant habitat loss, whereas Ch. partellus and S. calamistis showed a significant habitat gain under future 2050s predictions. Model metrics based on mean area under the curve ranged from 0.72 to 0.84 for all species, indicating a good predictive performance of the models. Conclusion These results suggest C. sesamiae and C. flavipes may face survival constraints or extirpation compared with their pest hosts when environmental temperature reaches their upper thermal limits earlier, likely reducing pest regulation through density‐mediated effects. The results demonstrate potential destabilization of stemborer–parasitoid trophic systems potentially compromising biocontrol efficacy under climate warming. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Biogeography of cereal stemborers and their natural enemies: forecasting pest management efficacy under changing climate

Mutamiswa

Chikowore

Nyamukondiwa

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

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“…Similar trends were observed in the North‐east farming region, where peak diamondback moth populations were observed for a relatively extended period (September–January) in both seasons (Figure c). Historical annual maximum temperature and average rainfall for the different horticultural farming regions were 32.5–33°C and 471 mm (Ngamiland region), 32–32.5°C and 643 mm (Chobe region), 31.5–32.5°C and 457 mm (South‐east region), 30.5–31.5°C and 450 mm (Central region) and 31–31.5°C and 473 mm (North‐east region), respectively (Climate‐Data.org, ; Moeng et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It therefore appears (1996) and Nofemela (2010). High temperatures associated with summer are associated with higher insect individual and population growth rates, either through increased development rate (short developmental period) or accumulated degree-days, optimization of feeding activity, mating and locomotory fitness (see Chown & Nicolson, 2004 (Moeng et al, 2018) possibly due to the influence of the Kalahari Desert proximal to the latter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dominance of farming region suggests a difference in P. xylostella abundance due to spatial environmental heterogeneity, probably linked to dynamic changes in both T max and RH max as indicated on the model. The North‐east region (NE), South‐east (SE) and the Central regions of Botswana are generally cooler compared to Chobe and Ngamiland (Moeng et al, ) possibly due to the influence of the Kalahari Desert proximal to the latter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean monthly number of diamondback moths in relation to temperature showed a regular pattern in time (seasons) and space maximum and average temperatures (T max and T mean ; Figure 3a), corresponding to a general positive correlation observed between number of moths and both T max and T mean (Table 1) and 473 mm (North-east region), respectively (Climate-Data.org, 2018; Moeng et al, 2018).…”

Section: Seasonal and Spatial Pheromone Monitoring Of Diamondback Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disentangling factors limiting diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), spatio‐temporal population abundance: A tool for pest forecasting

Machekano

Mutamiswa

Mvumi

et al. 2019

J Applied Entomology

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Data-mining techniques play an important role in hyperparameter optimization of heterogeneous environmental factors and their relative contribution as determinants of incidences in insect pest ecological studies. A multidimensional field-based surveillance was conducted in two seasons (24 months), July-June of each season (2015/2016 -season 1 and 2016/2017 -season 2) using sex-pheromone-baited traps and Thermocron i-Buttons to identify key determinants of population abundance of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L., across spatial horticultural hotspots of Botswana. The moth is a notorious global brassica pest. Pearson's product moment correlation matrix showed month of the year (M), mean temperature (T mean ) and maximum temperature (T max ) as positively correlated (p < 0.001) to number of moths (N), while minimum temperature (T min ), minimum relative humidity (RH min ), mean relative humidity (RH mean ), maximum relative humidity (RH max ) and host plant (h) were negatively correlated (p < 0.001) to N. Using Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA) data-mining techniques, two models were developed: (a) M5P decision-tree algorithm associated with nine linear models (LMs) and (b) principal component analysis (PCA) based on four principal components. Both approaches identified M as the major predictor of moth abundance, followed by h and farming region (R). However, R was a function of T max (positive auto-correlation) and RH max (negative auto-correlation). These results provide simplified relative contribution of heterogeneous factors in influencing P. xylostella spatio-temporal abundance, essential for early warning systems in pest management. This is an important component of sustainable pest management aimed at managing insect pests and minimizing pesticides abuse in brassica production systems. K E Y W O R D S hyperparameter optimization, insect population dynamics, integrated pest management, predictive models, small-scale farmers, Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA) | 671 MACHEKANO Et Al.

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Host plant-related responses on the thermal fitness of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Mutamiswa

Machekano

Nyamukondiwa

et al. 2020

Arthropod-Plant Interactions

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Diversity and distribution of lepidopteran stemborer species and their host plants in Botswana

Cited by 9 publications

References 79 publications

Biogeography of cereal stemborers and their natural enemies: forecasting pest management efficacy under changing climate

Biogeography of cereal stemborers and their natural enemies: forecasting pest management efficacy under changing climate

Disentangling factors limiting diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), spatio‐temporal population abundance: A tool for pest forecasting

Host plant-related responses on the thermal fitness of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

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