Diversity and distribution of sulphate-reducing bacteria in human faeces from healthy subjects and patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Jia, Wei; Whitehead, Rebekah N.; Griffiths, Lesley; Dawson, Claire; Bai, Hao; Waring, R. H.; Ramsden, D.; Hunter, John; Cauchi, Michael; Bessant, Conrad; Fowler, Dawn P.; Walton, Christopher; Turner, Claire; Cole, Jeffrey A.

doi:10.1111/j.1574-695x.2012.00935.x

Cited by 63 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…3). Indeed, higher Bilophila wadsworthia have been repeatedly found in human patients suffering from intestinal diseases (62), (63). The collective identification of specific bacterial species/populations driving adverse physiologic responses to diet will facilitate the future design of personalized mirobiomes that optimize physiologic function in the context of modern diets/ lifestyles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obese-type Gut Microbiota Induce Neurobehavioral Changes in the Absence of Obesity

Bruce‐Keller

Salbaum

Luo

et al. 2015

Biological Psychiatry

491

372

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Background The prevalence of mental illness, particularly depression and dementia, is increased by obesity. Here we test the hypothesis that obesity-associated changes in gut microbiota are intrinsically able to impair neurocognitive behavior in mice. Methods Conventionally housed, non-obese, adult male C57BL/6 mice maintained on a normal chow diet were subjected to a microbiome depletion/transplantation paradigm using microbiota isolated from donors (given) on either high-fat (HFD) or control diet (CD). Following recolonization, mice were subjected to comprehensive behavioral and biochemical analyses. Results The mice given HFD microbiota had significant and selective disruptions in exploratory, cognitive, and stereotypical behavior compared to mice with CD microbiota in the absence of significant differences in body weight. Sequencing-based phylogenetic analysis confirmed the presence of distinct core microbiota between groups, with alterations in α- and β- diversity, modulation in taxonomic distribution, and statistically significant alterations to metabolically active taxa. HFD microbiota also disrupted markers of intestinal barrier function, increased circulating endotoxin, and increased lymphocyte expression of Iba1, TLR2, and TLR4. Finally, evaluation of brain homogenates revealed that HFD-shaped microbiota increased neuroinflammation and disrupted cerebrovascular homeostasis. Conclusions Collectively, these data reinforce the link between gut dysbiosis and neurologic dysfunction and suggest that dietary and/or pharmacological manipulation of gut microbiota could attenuate the neurologic complications of obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obese-type Gut Microbiota Induce Neurobehavioral Changes in the Absence of Obesity

Bruce‐Keller

Salbaum

Luo

et al. 2015

Biological Psychiatry

491

372

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“…SRB are found in many diverse environments and contribute to the global sulfur and carbon cycles, including the mineralization of organic carbon in sea sediments (2). SRB are also common inhabitants of the human microbiome (3, 4), where they may play a role in inflammatory bowel disease (5). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Genomics with a Comprehensive Library of Transposon Mutants for the Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium Desulfovibrio alaskensis G20

Kuehl

Price

et al. 2014

mBio

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The genomes of sulfate-reducing bacteria remain poorly characterized, largely due to a paucity of experimental data and genetic tools. To meet this challenge, we generated an archived library of 15,477 mapped transposon insertion mutants in the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio alaskensis G20. To demonstrate the utility of the individual mutants, we profiled gene expression in mutants of six regulatory genes and used these data, together with 1,313 high-confidence transcription start sites identified by tiling microarrays and transcriptome sequencing (5′ RNA-Seq), to update the regulons of Fur and Rex and to confirm the predicted regulons of LysX, PhnF, PerR, and Dde_3000, a histidine kinase. In addition to enabling single mutant investigations, the D. alaskensis G20 transposon mutants also contain DNA bar codes, which enables the pooling and analysis of mutant fitness for thousands of strains simultaneously. Using two pools of mutants that represent insertions in 2,369 unique protein-coding genes, we demonstrate that the hypothetical gene Dde_3007 is required for methionine biosynthesis. Using comparative genomics, we propose that Dde_3007 performs a missing step in methionine biosynthesis by transferring a sulfur group to O-phosphohomoserine to form homocysteine. Additionally, we show that the entire choline utilization cluster is important for fitness in choline sulfate medium, which confirms that a functional microcompartment is required for choline oxidation. Finally, we demonstrate that Dde_3291, a MerR-like transcription factor, is a choline-dependent activator of the choline utilization cluster. Taken together, our data set and genetic resources provide a foundation for systems-level investigation of a poorly studied group of bacteria of environmental and industrial importance.

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“…The activation of these channels plays a major role in the balance of the biological effects of hydrogen sulphide. Persistent colonisation by sulphate reducing bacteria and presence of hydrogen sulphide in the gut and faeces have been shown to be present in patients with ulcerative colitis as well as colorectal cancer [39, 40, 41] and have been implicated in the role of generating DNA damage at the genomic level [34]. Failure of colonocytes to differentiate appropriately may mean that they are more exposed to hydrogen sulphide in the lumen.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of the Analysis of the Volatile Faecal Metabolome in Screening for Colorectal Cancer

et al. 2015

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Diagnosis of colorectal cancer is an invasive and expensive colonoscopy, which is usually carried out after a positive screening test. Unfortunately, existing screening tests lack specificity and sensitivity, hence many unnecessary colonoscopies are performed. Here we report on a potential new screening test for colorectal cancer based on the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the headspace of faecal samples. Faecal samples were obtained from subjects who had a positive faecal occult blood sample (FOBT). Subjects subsequently had colonoscopies performed to classify them into low risk (non-cancer) and high risk (colorectal cancer) groups. Volatile organic compounds were analysed by selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) and then data were analysed using both univariate and multivariate statistical methods. Ions most likely from hydrogen sulphide, dimethyl sulphide and dimethyl disulphide are statistically significantly higher in samples from high risk rather than low risk subjects. Results using multivariate methods show that the test gives a correct classification of 75% with 78% specificity and 72% sensitivity on FOBT positive samples, offering a potentially effective alternative to FOBT.

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Diversity and distribution of sulphate-reducing bacteria in human faeces from healthy subjects and patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Cited by 63 publications

References 34 publications

Obese-type Gut Microbiota Induce Neurobehavioral Changes in the Absence of Obesity

Obese-type Gut Microbiota Induce Neurobehavioral Changes in the Absence of Obesity

Functional Genomics with a Comprehensive Library of Transposon Mutants for the Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium Desulfovibrio alaskensis G20

Use of the Analysis of the Volatile Faecal Metabolome in Screening for Colorectal Cancer

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