Diversity and Distribution of Xylophagous Beetles from Pinus thunbergii Parl. and Pinus massoniana Lamb. Infected by Pine Wood Nematode

Chu, Xiangxiang; Ma, Qiuyu; Yang, Meijiao; Li, Guoqiang; Liu, Jinyan; Liang, Guanghong; Wu, Songqing; Wang, Rong; Zhang, Feiping; Hu, Xia

doi:10.3390/f12111549

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The community diversity of xylophagous beetles at different stages of PWN infections was studied in P. massaniana and P. thunbergia forests in Fujian and Shandong provinces of China respectively (Chu et al 2021). A total of 27 PWN-infected trees were cut to the ground at each site and all beetles present in the whole tree were collected and identified to species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Synoptic Review of Plant Disease Epidemics and Outbreaks Published in 2021

Jeger¹,

Fielder²,

Beale³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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A synoptic review of plant disease epidemics and outbreaks was made using two complementary approaches. The first approach involved reviewing scientific literature published in 2021, in which quantitative data related to new plant disease epidemics or outbreaks had been obtained via surveys or similar methodologies. The second approach involved retrieving new pest presence records added to the CABI Distribution Database in 2021. The literature review for the first approach had two stages. Stage 1 aimed to identify publications on plant diseases caused by pathogen taxonomic groups and led to retrieval of 99 core articles describing studies in 62 categories (pathogen species or species complexes) across more than 40 host species in 6 continents. In Stage 2, the core articles were augmented with further articles providing more context and information for the pathogen species identified in Stage 1. When both sets of articles were combined, the pathogen species with more than 5 articles were: Bursephalenchus xylophilus, Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, cassava mosaic viruses, citrus tristeza virus, Erwinia amylovora, Fusarium spp. complexes, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cubense, Magnaporthe oryzae, maize lethal necrosis co-infecting viruses, Meloidogyne spp. complexes, Pseudomonas syringae pvs, Puccinia striiformis f.sp tritici, Xylella fastidiosa, and Zymoseptoria tritici. The automated search of the CABI Distribution Database led to 617 new distribution records from 283 plant pathogens in 2021 and was followed by manual review of all pathogens with more than 4 new records, to identify confirmed first reports in a new location. A total of 15 pathogens was identified: apple hammerhead viroid, apple rubbery wood viruses, Aphelenchoides besseyi, Biscogniauxia mediterranea, Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus, citrus tristeza virus, Colletotrichum siamense, cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus, Erwinia rhapontici, Erysiphe corylacearum, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense Tropical Race 4, Globodera rostochiensis, Nothophoma quercina, potato spindle tuber viroid, and tomato brown rugose fruit virus. Although 3 very important pathogens – Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus, citrus tristeza virus and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cubense – were represented in the results of both approaches, in general the two approaches revealed distinct sets of plant disease outbreaks and new records, with little overlap in the results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Synoptic Review of Plant Disease Epidemics and Outbreaks Published in 2021

Jeger¹,

Fielder²,

Beale³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…S. flavonotatus has also been reported as able to carry the pine wood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Bührer) Nickle (Chen et al., 2013 ; Cui et al., 2008 ), although, no B. xylophilus was isolated from S. flavonotatus collected on PWN infested trees (Chu et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Pest Categorisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Japan, three flight peaks were observed, (i) in early spring (overwintering adults), (ii) after the rainy season (June to mid-July) (adults developed from overwintering larvae) and (iii) in early autumn (new adults) (Hagihara & Nakashima, 1970). S. flavonotatus has also been reported as able to carry the pine wood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Bührer) Nickle (Chen et al, 2013;Cui et al, 2008), although, no B. xylophilus was isolated from S. flavonotatus collected on PWN infested trees (Chu et al, 2021).…”

Section: Conclusion Of Pest Categorisation (Section 4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pest categorisation of Shirahoshizo flavonotatus

Bragard,

Baptista,

Chatzivassiliou

et al. 2024

EFS2

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The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of Shirahoshizo patruelis (Voss, 1937) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), following the commodity risk assessment of bonsai plants from China consisting of Pinus parviflora grafted on P. thunbergii , in which S. patruelis was identified as a pest of possible concern to the European Union (EU). This categorisation refers to S. flavonotatus , which is the pest's current valid scientific name. It is native to China and has never been recorded in the EU. It completes from 2 to 3 generations per year. Eggs are laid in cracks and crevices of trunks and branches with bark thickness of approximately 0.6–1.2 cm. The pest overwinters as an adult or as a mature larva under the bark. Plants for planting, wood with bark and wood products provide pathways for entry. Although the weevil has been reported to carry the nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, it is not considered a vector. Climatic conditions and availability of host plants in some EU countries would allow S. flavonotatus to establish and spread. Impact on Pinus spp. is anticipated. Recognising that the weevil is reported to attack both weakened and healthy trees, there is uncertainty on the magnitude of impact. Its recorded capacity to attack non‐Asian Pinus species also indicates its ability to adapt and expand the range of trees it can utilise as hosts, which could include European Pinus species. Phytosanitary measures are available to reduce the likelihood of entry and spread. S. flavonotatus meets the criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess for this species to be regarded as a potential Union quarantine pest.

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“…In view of serious concerns related to the spread of this pest, new studies have been conducted on insects being vectors of PWN. An example in line with this research may be provided by a publication of Chu et al [10], who investigated the colonization sites (phloem and xylem) and colonization sequences of xylophagous beetles on pine trees and analysed the species richness and spatial distribution of these beetles along PWN-infected tree boles during different stages of the pine wilt disease.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…No PWN was detected from other xylophagous beetles and other insects in this study. This important information may facilitate a limitation of the spread of this dangerous nematode [10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%