Diversity and Function of Microbes Associated with Rhizosphere of Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana)

Choudhary, Renu; Rawat, Geeta; Kumar, Vijay; Kumar, Vivek

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-9154-9_17

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The Bacillus sp . support ragi growth by fixing nitrogen and protecting the crop against the foot-rot disease causing pathogen, Sclerotium rolfsii (74). Furthermore, Bacillus sp .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regenerative Agriculture Augments Bacterial Community Structure for a Healthier Soil and Agriculture

Singh

Hussain

Manjunath

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Use of chemical fertilization and pesticides not only harm the environment but also have detrimental consequences on human health. In recent years, there has been a major emphasis worldwide on natural agriculture methods. Regenerative agriculture is known across the world as a combination of nature-friendly farming practices such as no-till, cover cropping, crop-rotation, agro-forestry and use of organic home-based/ farm-based ingredients to revive soil health. In India, a number of farmers are slowly adopting these practices using home-based mixtures and farmyard manure for soil rejuvenation and pest management. In order to evaluate the efficacy of the regenerative agriculture practices, this study compared conventional and regenerative agriculture plots for their soil bacterial and nutrient profiles. Two crops - ragi and vegetable (tomato/beans), and different lengths (≤3 and >5 years) of regenerative practices were additional metrics considered to understand variabilities due to crop-type and period of application. We found that all regenerative practices were effective in bringing about an enrichment for soil bacteria with a more heterogeneous composition. Additionally, the regenerative vegetable (RV) plots had an enhanced representation of Actinobacteriota, Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria and Patescibacteria in comparison to conventional vegetable (CV) plots and Barren land (BL). Similarly, the regenerative ragi (RR) plots saw higher representation of Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota in comparison to conventional ragi (CR) plots and BL. The RV plots were also found to be enriched for Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPRs) - Pseudomonas sp., and RR plots were enriched for Bacillus sp., and Mesorhizobium sp., which are known to play significant roles in vegetable and ragi growth respectively. Interestingly, long-term regenerative agriculture was able to support good nutrient composition while enhancing Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) levels. In all, the regenerative agriculture practices were found to be effective in improving bacterial community structure and simultaneously improving soil health. We found that BL soil with eucalyptus plantation showed least bacterial diversity suggesting detrimental impact on soil health.

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“…The Bacillus sp . support ragi growth by fixing nitrogen and protecting the crop against the foot-rot disease causing pathogen, Sclerotium rolfsii (74). Furthermore, Bacillus sp .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regenerative Agriculture Augments Bacterial Community Structure for a Healthier Soil and Agriculture

Singh

Hussain

Manjunath

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The Bacillus sp. support ragi growth by fixing nitrogen and protecting the crop against the foot-rot disease causing pathogen, Sclerotium rolfsii (Choudhary et al, 2020). Furthermore, Bacillus sp.…”

Section: Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Regenerative agriculture augments bacterial community structure for a healthier soil and agriculture

et al. 2023

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IntroductionUse of chemical fertilization and pesticides not only harm the environment but also have detrimental consequences on human health. In recent years, there has been a major emphasis worldwide on natural agriculture methods. Regenerative agriculture is known across the world as a combination of nature-friendly farming practices such as no-till, cover cropping, crop-rotation, agroforestry and use of organic home-based/farm-based ingredients to revive soil health. In India, a number of farmers are slowly adopting these practices using home-based mixtures and farmyard manure for soil rejuvenation and pest management. In order to evaluate the efficacy of the regenerative agriculture practices, this study compared conventional and regenerative agriculture plots for their soil bacterial and nutrient profiles.MethodsTwo crops - ragi (Finger millet, an old world cereal eaten in India) and vegetable (tomato/beans), and different lengths (≤3 and >5 years) of regenerative practices were additional metrics considered to understand variabilities due to crop-type and period of application. The common regenerative agriculture practices used by farmers in this study included a mix of practices such as mulching, minimal-till, inter-cropping, crop-rotation, along with application of farmyard manure and other home-based concoctions rich in nutrients and microbes for enriching the soil.ResultsWe found that all regenerative practices were effective in bringing about an enrichment for soil bacteria with a more heterogeneous composition. Additionally, in regenerative vegetable (RV) versus conventional vegetable (CV) and barren land (BL) plots the relative percentage abundance of Actinobacteriota (RV-7.47%/ CV-6.24%/BL -7.02%) and Chloroflexi (RV-9.37%/ CV-6.63%/BL-8.75%) was slightly higher. In contrast, levels of Acidobacteriota (RV-8.1%/ CV-9.88%/BL-9.62%) was significantly lower. Similarly, regenerative ragi (RR) in comparison with conventional ragi (CR) and barren land (BL) plots saw higher representation of Firmicutes (RR-5.45%/ CR-2.38%/BL-1.45%) and Actinobacteriota (RR-11.53%/ CR-7.08%/BL-7.15%) and a concurrent reduction in Acidobacteriota (RR-6.91%/CR-7.39%/ BL-9.79%). The RV plots were found to be enriched for Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPRs) - Pseudomonas sp. (RV-0.51%/CV-0.01%/BL-0.21%), and RR plots were enriched for Bacillus sp. (RR-1.35%/CR-0.95%/BL-0.61%), and Mesorhizobium sp. (0.30%/0.12%/0.21%), which are known to play significant roles in vegetable and ragi growth respectively.DiscussionInterestingly, long-term regenerative agriculture was able to support good nutrient composition while enhancing Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) levels. In all, the regenerative agriculture practices were found to be effective in improving bacterial community structure and simultaneously improving soil health. We found that BL soil with eucalyptus plantation showed among the least bacterial diversity suggesting detrimental impact on soil health.

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“…Additionally, finger millet is more dense in nutrients than rice and wheat, since millet grains are rich in zinc, iron, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, magnesium, carbohydrates, vitamins, and vital amino acids. They are also particularly Microorganisms 2023, 11, 973 2 of 24 high in calcium and polyphenols [2,5,6]. It has nutritious components that are simple to digest, making it a staple food for diabetics, childbearing women, the ill, nursing mothers, and children [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana) Plant–Endophyte Dynamics: Plant Growth, Nutrient Uptake, and Zinc Biofortification

et al. 2023

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Endophytic fungi and bacteria were isolated from finger millet and their effects on finger millet growth parameters and zinc and NPK contents in grains were studied. Out of 70 fungal and 112 bacterial endophytes, the two best fungal and bacterial isolates were selected on the basis of zinc solubilization and plant-growth-promoting attributes. The fungal isolates identified were Aspergillus terreus and Lecanicillium sp., and the bacterial isolates were Pseudomonas bijieensis and Priestia megaterium. The endophytic zinc, NPK mobilization, and plant-growth-promoting efficacy were determined in a pot experiment with zinc carbonate as the zinc source. Endophytic-primed plants showed enhanced shoot and root lengths compared to the unprimed control. Endophytes increased the zinc content in grains by between 12.12% and 18.80% compared to control plants. Endophytes also augmented the NPK concentrations in seeds compared to control plants and exhibited stability in a diverse range of pHs, temperatures, and NaCl concentrations, and exhibited growth on various carbohydrate and nitrogen sources. This is the first study reporting the interaction of Aspergillus terreus, Lecanicillium sp., Pseudomonas bijieensis, and Priestia megaterium with finger millet for grain Zn biofortification and NPK concentration enhancement. This study indicated that zinc-dissolving endophytes possess the potential for enhancing the zinc and NPK content in grains in addition to the plant-growth-promoting attributes.

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Diversity and Function of Microbes Associated with Rhizosphere of Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana)

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Regenerative Agriculture Augments Bacterial Community Structure for a Healthier Soil and Agriculture

Regenerative Agriculture Augments Bacterial Community Structure for a Healthier Soil and Agriculture

Regenerative agriculture augments bacterial community structure for a healthier soil and agriculture

Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana) Plant–Endophyte Dynamics: Plant Growth, Nutrient Uptake, and Zinc Biofortification

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