diversity and systematics of the sequestrate genus Octaviania in Japan: two new subgenera and eleven new species

Abstract

The sequestrate fungi of Japan, including truffle and truffle-like fungi, have not been well characterized but are potentially diverse. We investigated the diversity and phylogeny of Japanese Octaviania specimens using a multifaceted approach including scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as analysis of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS and LSU) and EF-1α (tef1) sequences. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that the genus Octaviania is divided into three major clades, and that there are at least 12 species-level lineages in Japan. Accordingly, we describe two new subgenera, Parcaea and Fulvoglobus, and eleven new species. Subgenus Parcaea accommodates four highly divergent, but macromorphologically almost indiscernible cryptic species. We discuss not only the diversity and species delimitation within the genus Octaviania but also the phylogeography of the Japanese taxa and their relatives.

Large‐scale fungal diversity assessment in the Andean Yungas forests reveals strong community turnover among forest types along an altitudinal gradient

“…Primers fITS7 (Ihrmark et al 2012) and ITS4 (White et al 1990) with Ion Torrent adapters were used to amplify the ITS2 region (approximately 250 bp) of the nuclear ribo-somal rDNA repeat, using the following PCR conditions: one cycle of 95°C for 5 min; then 37 cycles of 95°C for 20 s, 56°C for 30 s and 72°C for 1.5 min; and ending with one cycle of 72°C for 7 min. ITS is the universal DNA barcode marker for fungi and has been used in a wide variety of taxonomic and ecological studies (Bruns et al 1991;Geml et al 2005;O'Brien et al 2005;Orihara et al 2012;Schoch et al 2012;Gomes et al 2013;Walther et al 2013). The ITS4 primer was labelled with sample-specific multiplex identification DNA-tags (MIDs).…”

New data on Turkish hypogeous fungi

“…(Gams, 1999); Boletales), is a genus of truffle-like fungi from the Boletaceae family. This genus has a wide distribution, and so far has 15-20 accepted species (Kirk et al, 2008;Orihara et al, 2012). Various species of the Octaviania Vittad., Sclerogaster R. Hesse and Wa- kefieldia Corner & Hawker (genera of the order Boletales) can be confused under certain ecological conditions.…”

Kombocles bakaiana gen. sp. nov. (Boletaceae), a new sequestrate fungus from Cameroon

“…Octaviania ivoryana , while widespread in Africa, being known from Guinea, Kenya, Senegal, and Zimbabwe, differs fundamentally from K. bakaiana in the cone-like ornamentation of its basidiospores (Castellano et al 2000). While the phylogenetic position of O. ivoryana is currently unknown, other members of the genus are members of Boletaceae (Smith et al 2015, Orihara et al 2012a). The sequestrate Corditubera staudtii was originally described from Cameroon, but differs from K. bakaiana in the reddish ( vs .…”

“…Numerous genera of sequestrate fungi within Boletaceae ( Boletales ) have been recognized from various regions of the world, including the widely distributed north temperate Chamonixia, Gastroboletus , and Octaviania , Australasian Rossbeevera , South-East Asian Durianella, Spongiforma , and Rhodactina , Australian Solioccasus and Royoungia , and tropical South American Castellanea , Costatisporus , and Jimtrappea (Binder & Bresinski 2002, Desjardin et al 2008, 2009, Halling et al 2012, Lebel et al 2012, Orihara et al 2012a, b, Moreau et al 2013, Trappe et al 2013, Smith et al 2015). For the African tropics, despite a high diversity of non-sequestrate, epigeous Boletaceae known from some areas (e.g.…”