Diversity and temperature adaptability of cultivable fungi in marine sediments from the Chukchi Sea

Abstract

In recent years, the Arctic has become a hot spot for microbial research. However, fungal diversity in the Chukchi Sea (adjacent to the Arctic Ocean) is little known. The purpose of this study was to explore fungal diversity in sediments of the Chukchi Sea and the temperature adaptability of the cultured fungi. A total of 74 fungal strains were isolated from nine marine sediment samples collected from the Chukchi Sea. These fungi were identified based on morphological characteristics and sequence comparison of the internal transcribed spacers of the ribosomal DNA (ITS-rDNA) with the GenBank reference sequence database. Amongst these fungi, 61 strains belonged to the Ascomycota and 13 strains were affiliated with the Basidiomycota. The dominant genus was Penicillium. These fungal strains were cultured at 4°C, 10°C, and 25°C to determine their temperature adaptability. Most strains were able to grow at 4°C, and Thelebolus ellipsoideus was identified as a psychrophilic fungus. Our results revealed a high fungal diversity in marine sediments of the Chukchi Sea and found that some fungal species (Penicillium chrysogenum, Eutypella scoparia, Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium tenuissimum, C. perangustums and Thelebolus ellipsoideus) isolated from these sediments were able to grow at 10°C and 4°C.

Cultivable marine fungi from the Arctic Archipelago of Svalbard and their antibacterial activity

“…Fungi remain one of the most understudied group of microbial organisms in the ocean and they represent a good source for novel biochemistry (Liberra and Lindequist 1995 ; Richards et al 2011 ; Berlinck 2013 ; Wang et al 2015 ). The relatively few studies on cultivable fungi undertaken in the Arctic underlines the importance of mapping and exploring the species richness and capabilities of marine fungi in this region (Rämä et al 2017 ; Luo et al 2019 ). The present study provides the first insight into the bioactivity of cultivable marine fungi isolated from diverse substrates from cold waters of the Arctic region.…”

Fungal symbionts of Arctic zooplankton induce mortality and reduce swimming activity

“…Hyphae were visibly protruding from the inside of carcasses, definitively proving the endobiotic nature of these fungi. Penicillium species are globally distributed (Hassett et al 2019b), produce a suite of degradative enzymes (Park et al 2019), are commonly found in seafood (Park et al 2019), and can be abundant in the Arctic (Luo et al 2020). Our mortality experiments indicate that the presence of select P. chrysogenum strains can differentially reduce survival in copepods during a time span of weeks, consistent with variable virulence among strains of the same fungal species (Kowalski and Cramer 2020).…”

Composition and Structure of the Community of Mycelial Fungi in the Bottom Sediments of the White Sea

“…Но в последние 20 лет ситуация стала меняться, появляется все больше исследований микобиоты этих местообитаний. Основное внимание пока сосредоточено на исследовании разнообразия грибов в донных грунтах различных широт [3][4][5][6] и глубин [7][8][9][10], а также на изучении отдельных особенностей выделенных культур [11,12]. Этими работами продемонстрировано, что морские грунты -местообитание, богатое грибами, а их видовое разнообразие зачастую очень высоко.…”

“…Этими работами продемонстрировано, что морские грунты -местообитание, богатое грибами, а их видовое разнообразие зачастую очень высоко. Это относится как к прибрежным [3,[8][9][10][11], так и к удаленным от берега [4,7,12] районам. В настоящее время исследования разнообразия грибов в донных осадках мирового океана и их приспособлений к условиям среды -актуальные направления морской микологии [11,12].…”

“…Выделение и идентификация грибов. Видовой состав грибов выявляли общепринятыми морфолого-культуральными методами [3,5,[7][8][9]12]. Образцы высевали непосредственно в день отбора (или на следующий) на поверхность среды суслоагар на природной морской воде (общее содержание сахаров -0,3%, соленость -26‰, антибиотик Цефтриаксон -0,5 г/л).…”