Diversity and versatile functions of metallothioneins produced by plants: A review

Saeed-ur-Rahman,; Khalid, Muhammad Fasih; Hui, Nan; Kayani, Sadaf‐Ilyas; Tang, Kexuan

doi:10.1016/s1002-0160(20)60022-4

Cited by 29 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…Since their discovery in wheat germs in 1987 51 , plant metallothioneins have been linked with various physiological roles including micronutrient homeostasis 52 , toxic metal detoxication 53 , reactive oxygen species scavenging 54 , senescence 55 , and stress response 56 . Plant MTs have been investigated in various plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in physio-biochemical parameters and expression of metallothioneins in Avena sativa L. in response to drought

Konieczna

Warchoł

Mierek‐Adamska

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Drought is one of the major threats to food security. Among several mechanisms involved in plant stress tolerance, one protein family—the plant metallothioneins (MTs)—shows great promise for enhancing drought resistance. Plant metallothioneins in oat (Avena sativa L.) have not yet been deeply analysed, and the literature lacks a comprehensive study of the whole family of plant MTs in response to drought. In this study, we showed that the number and nature of cis-elements linked with stress response in promoters of AsMTs1–3 differed depending on the MT type. Drought stress in oat plants caused an increase in the expression of AsMT2 and AsMT3 and a decrease in the expression of AsMT1 compared to well-watered plants. Moreover, the low values of relative water content, water use efficiency, net photosynthesis (PN), transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs), chlorophyll a, and carotenoid were accompanied by high levels of electrolyte leakage, internal CO2 concentration (Ci) and abscisic acid content, and high activity of antioxidants enzymes in plants under drought stress. The present study puts forward the idea that AsMTs are crucial for oat response to drought stress not only by regulating antioxidant activity but also by changing the plant water regime and photosynthesis. Our results support the hypothesis that structural differences among types of plant MTs reflect their diversified physiological roles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in physio-biochemical parameters and expression of metallothioneins in Avena sativa L. in response to drought

Konieczna

Warchoł

Mierek‐Adamska

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…in response to Cd 2+ stress (Zhou et al, 2014). Several other studies showed that the plant antioxidant system is more efficient in plants overexpressing MTs (Rahman et al, 2020;Yang et al, 2009). In vitro studies on animal MTs showed that they can effectively scavenge free radicals reacting with ROS even faster than typical antioxidant enzymes (Kumari et al, 1998;Pan & Zhang, 2006;Ruttkay-Nedecky et al, 2013;Zeitoun-Ghandour et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The involvement of metallothioneins and stress markers in response to osmotic stress in Avena sativa L.

Konieczna

Mierek‐Adamska

Warchoł

et al. 2023

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Osmotic stress frequently caused by drought is the most threatening environmental stress that remarkably reduces crop yield. Oat (Avena sativa L.) is sensitive to water deficiency during growth. Plant metallothioneins (pMTs) show tremendous promise in enhancing general stress tolerance in plants. This study aimed to verify whether pMTs and elements of the antioxidant defence system protect oat against osmotic stress.Coding and genomic regions of A. sativa L. MTs belonging to three different types were cloned. To evaluate the role of MTs in osmotic stress, the expression of genes encoding AsMT1-3 was checked by qRT-PCR in the roots and shoots of oat plants growing in a hydroponic culture in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) and mannitol. The expression of AsMT1-3 changed in response to osmotic stress; however, the changes depended on the type of MT and the treatment. The amount of AsMT3 transcript was about five-fold and nine-fold higher in shoots and roots, respectively, in the presence of mannitol. To further analyse the response of oat to osmotic stress, the level of phenolic compounds, soluble sugars, abscisic acid, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes were tested using spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods. During osmotic stress, the content of phenols, soluble sugars, abscisic acid, and the activity of catalase and peroxidase in shoots increased. In roots treated with PEG 6000, the amount of phenolic compounds was higher than that in roots treated with mannitol. The activity of superoxide dismutase was about 5-fold higher in roots than in shoots. MTs are involved in plant response to osmotic stress. In the future, insight provided in this study will lead to application in agriculture either by using MTs as molecular markers for stress-resistant crop cultivars or by a generation of genetically modified crops overexpressing MTs.

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“…In addition to IF1, we point out as interesting mechanisms the most abundant DEGs in Bd21-3, Bradi1g68957, an unknown function transcript with acquired strong early-morning expressions under stress, and the multirole MT3, with structural capacities of buffering ionic metals and controlling oxidative stress simultaneously [65].…”

Section: Degs Present a Picture Of Complex Interplay Under Submergenc...mentioning

confidence: 96%

Submergence Stress Alters the Expression of Clock Genes and Configures New Zeniths and Expression of Outputs in Brachypodium distachyon

Medina-Chávez,

Camacho,

Martínez-Rodríguez

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Plant networks of oscillating genes coordinate internal processes with external cues, contributing to increased fitness. We hypothesized that the response to submergence stress may dynamically change during different times of the day. In this work, we determined the transcriptome (RNA sequencing) of the model monocotyledonous plant, Brachypodium distachyon, during a day of submergence stress, low light, and normal growth. Two ecotypes of differential tolerance, Bd21 (sensitive) and Bd21-3 (tolerant), were included. We submerged 15-day-old plants under a long-day diurnal cycle (16 h light/8 h dark) and collected samples after 8 h of submergence at ZT0 (dawn), ZT8 (midday), ZT16 (dusk), ZT20 (midnight), and ZT24 (dawn). Rhythmic processes were enriched both with up- and down-regulated genes, and clustering highlighted that the morning and daytime oscillator components (PRRs) show peak expression in the night, and a decrease in the amplitude of the clock genes (GI, LHY, RVE) was observed. Outputs included photosynthesis-related genes losing their known rhythmic expression. Up-regulated genes included oscillating suppressors of growth, hormone-related genes with new late zeniths (e.g., JAZ1, ZEP), and mitochondrial and carbohydrate signaling genes with shifted zeniths. The results highlighted genes up-regulated in the tolerant ecotype such as METALLOTHONEIN3 and ATPase INHIBITOR FACTOR. Finally, we show by luciferase assays that Arabidopsis thaliana clock genes are also altered by submergence changing their amplitude and phase. This study can guide the research of chronocultural strategies and diurnal-associated tolerance mechanisms.

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Diversity and versatile functions of metallothioneins produced by plants: A review

Cited by 29 publications

References 152 publications

Changes in physio-biochemical parameters and expression of metallothioneins in Avena sativa L. in response to drought

Changes in physio-biochemical parameters and expression of metallothioneins in Avena sativa L. in response to drought

The involvement of metallothioneins and stress markers in response to osmotic stress in Avena sativa L.

Submergence Stress Alters the Expression of Clock Genes and Configures New Zeniths and Expression of Outputs in Brachypodium distachyon

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