Diversity and zoonotic potential of rotaviruses in swine and cattle across Europe

Midgley, Sofie; Bányai, Krisztiàn; Buesa, Javier; Halaihel, Nabil; Hjulsager, Charlotte Kristiane; Jakab, Ferenc; Kaplon, Jérôme; Larsen, Lars Erik; Monini, Marina; Poljšak-Prijatelj, Mateja; Pothier, Pierre; Ruggeri, Franco Maria; Steyer, Andrej; Koopmans, Marion; Böttiger, Blenda

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.10.027

Cited by 109 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…G5 and P[7] are historically considered the most prevalent G and P RVA genotypes in swine, respectively (18). However, recent studies have shown that RVA G9 and G12 genotypes are emerging worldwide in humans and swine (2,(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). …”

Section: Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Porcine Rotavirus G9P[13] and Human Rotavirus Wa G1P[8]

Shao

Fischer

Kandasamy

et al. 2016

J Virol

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The changing epidemiology of group A rotavirus (RV) strains in humans and swine, including emerging G9 strains, poses new challenges to current vaccines. In this study, we comparatively assessed the pathogenesis of porcine RV (PRV) G9P IMPORTANCEThe changing epidemiology of porcine and human group A rotaviruses (RVs), including emerging G9 strains, may compromise the efficacy of current vaccines. An understanding of the pathogenesis and genetic, immunological, and biological features of the new emerging RV strains will contribute to the development of new surveillance and prevention tools. Additionally, studies of cross-protection between the newly identified emerging G9 porcine RV strains and a human G1 RV vaccine strain in a susceptible host (swine) will allow evaluation of G9 strains as potential novel vaccine candidates to be included in porcine or human vaccines. R otavirus (RV), a member of the Reoviridae family, has a double-stranded RNA genome with 11 segments (1). It is the most common pathogen in cases of acute gastroenteritis in children under 5 years of age (1, 2). In the United States, it causes approximately $1 billion in annual costs due to RV-associated physician visits, emergency department visits, and hospitalizations (3-5). Annually, RV causes 440,000 deaths in children under 5 years of age worldwide, with most occurring in developing countries (4). RVs also infect young domestic animals, including calves and piglets (1). RV is responsible for annual mortality rates of 7 to 20% and 3 to 15% in nursing and weaned piglets, respectively (6). The high prevalence of RV in swine results in large economic losses to the pork industry (6). Treatment of RV infection is possible only by replacing fluids and electrolyte losses, because no specific antiviral therapy is available. Therefore, effective RV vaccines are crucial to prevent morbidity and mortality in both young children and animals (7,8).RVs are classified into 8 groups, groups A to H, as determined by viral structural protein 6 (VP6) (9-11). Based on the outer capsid VP4 (P genotype)-and VP7 (G genotype)-encoding genes, a binary classification system has been established for RVs (12). Overall, there are at least 26 G genotypes and 33 P genotypes of group A RVs (RVAs) (13,14). Globally, the G1 to G4, P[4], P[6], and P [8] genotypes are the most prevalent human RVAs (15). RVA G1P[8] is a common human strain worldwide and constitutes Ͼ70% of prevalent strains in North America, Australia, and Europe but only 20 to 35% of circulating strains in South America, Asia, and Africa (5,(15)(16)(17). G5 and P[7] are historically considered the most prevalent G and P RVA genotypes in swine, respectively (18). However, recent studies have shown that RVA G9 and G12 genotypes are emerging worldwide in humans and swine (2,(19)(20)(21)(22)(23).

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Section: Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Porcine Rotavirus G9P[13] and Human Rotavirus Wa G1P[8]

Shao

Fischer

Kandasamy

et al. 2016

J Virol

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“…There have been several reports on the detection of avian rotavirus genotypes similar to those found in humans around the world and in South Africa (Ngoveni et al, 2012) suggesting human to chicken transmission of rotavirus. There are also reports that animal rotaviruses can indeed infect humans and cause disease whenever the chance exists (Midgley et al, 2012a). This is based on the identification of unusual rotavirus types, with properties of strains more commonly found in animals, which were isolated from various cases of human infection (Midgley et al, 2012b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of rotavirus VP7 gene in helmeted guinea fowls and Japanese quails in Ogun state, Nigeria

Oni¹,

Owoade²,

Akintunde³

2017

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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Rotaviruses classified into groups A through H are important etiological agents of gastroenteritis in man and animal. In Nigeria vaccination of infants has continuously been carried out, however the disease is still a burden to the nation which remains one of the countries with the highest cases of rotavirus gastroenteritis. There are several evidence of interspecies cross transmission and reassortment among group A rotaviruses. However, few studies have focused on rotavirus in the avian species, thus the virus has only been reported in chickens from southwest Nigeria. Guinea fowls (Numidea meleagris) and Japanese quails (Coturnix corturnix japonica) serve as source of income to the rural house-hold where they are raised in backyards. A total of 100 fecal samples from Guinea fowls (50) and Japanese quails (50) from different locations in Ogun state were collected and analyzed using group A specific RT-PCR. Fecal samples were screened for rotavirus using VP7 primers. The virus was detected in pooled diarrheic fecal samples of both Guinea fowls and Japanese quails and also in non-diarrheic feces of Guinea fowls. Due to the close proximity at which different breeds of birds are raised in backyard poultry in Nigeria and the reassortment ability of the virus, there will continuously be an increase in the diversity of the virus. This is not leaving out a zoonotic transmission with subsequent contribution to vaccine failure in man. It is thus important to continually survey for the virus in man and animal. This study provides the first report of rotavirus in helmeted Guinea fowls and Japanese quails in Nigeria.

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“…However, this tropism is not absolute, as exemplified by isolation of heterologous segments from various animal species or humans. Isolation of such segments can be the result of identical transfer of a viral particle from one species to another or, more often, the result of a sequence of mutations after two or more viral segments 'meet' into the same host (Muller and Johne, 2007;Matthijnssens, 2008a;2009a;b;Midgley et al, 2012a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus infections in domestic animals

Chatzopoulos

Athanasiou

Spyrou

et al. 2017

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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ABSTRACT. Rotaviruses are major enteric pathogens of humans and a wide variety of animals. Rotavirus infections have a worldwide prevalence. The viral genome is composed of 11 double-stranded RNA segments with six structural and five or six non-structural proteins. Over 35,000 strains have been identified and classified into five main (A, B, C, D, E) and three additional tentative (F, G, H) serotype groups. A binary classification system has been proposed defining 'G' or 'P' types, with at least 27 G and 35 P genotypes reported thusfar. The virus is transmitted primarily by the faecal-oral and oral routes. After attachment, entry into the host cells occurs through direct entry, fusion or endocytosis. Main mechanisms of Rotavirus-induced diarrhoea involve extensive enterocyte losses and nutrient disdigestion and malabsorption. Clinical features of Rotavirus infections range from asymptomatic infections to fulminant disease leading to rapid death. In calves, lambs and kids, piglets and foals, salient sign of the disease is diarrhoea; diarrhoeic faeces are white, yellow or, in severe cases, blood-tinted or frank haemorrhagic. In dogs and cats, the infection occurs usually as self-limiting diarrhoea. Avian Rotavirus infections are characterized by enteritis, growth depression and/or growth retardation. Definitive diagnosis of the infection can only be achieved by laboratory tests, including electron microscopic examination, immunohistochemical examination, immunofluorescence, ELISA, latex agglutination and molecular techniques. There is no specific treatment against Rotavirus infections. Treatment is based in providing supportive care and managing clinical signs and potential complications. Effective vaccines, containing inactivated, recombinant or attenuated strains of the virus, are available. Challenge studies have shown the ease of the virus in cross-infecting various animal species; animal strains of the virus may cross species and infect humans. Due to the ability of the virus to overcome species barriers, animal strains may act as natural source of viral genomes, promoting mutations and creating new viral genotypes, whose virulence cannot be predictable.

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Diversity and zoonotic potential of rotaviruses in swine and cattle across Europe

Cited by 109 publications

References 32 publications

Comparative In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Porcine Rotavirus G9P[13] and Human Rotavirus Wa G1P[8]

Comparative In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Porcine Rotavirus G9P[13] and Human Rotavirus Wa G1P[8]

Detection of rotavirus VP7 gene in helmeted guinea fowls and Japanese quails in Ogun state, Nigeria

Rotavirus infections in domestic animals

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