Diversity Based on Race, Ethnicity, and Sex Between Academic Orthopaedic Surgery and Other Specialties

Day, Charles S.; Lage, Daniel E; Ahn, Christine S.

doi:10.2106/jbjs.i.01482

Cited by 156 publications

(152 citation statements)

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“…Pre/post program survey results indicate that MSOP substantively and positively shifts participants' intellectual interest in orthopaedics as well as their perceptions of the profession in terms of lifestyle, workforce diversity, and competitiveness. Prior work has shown that women medical students view orthopaedics more negatively on these particular issues than their male counterparts [6,7]. MSOP appears to positively shift these perceptions, at least in the short term, which may lead to the higher than average residency match rate for program alumnae.…”

Section: -Point Likert Scalementioning

confidence: 93%

“…The survey examined each participant's intention to pursue orthopaedic surgery, intellectual interest in the subject matter (orthopaedics, surgery, and musculoskeletal care), and perceptions about the field of orthopaedic surgery. The latter focused specifically on issues that were identified in a 1963 prior study [6] (nine of 37) are now ''likely'' or ''very likely'' to pursue orthopaedic residency with an additional 66% (24 of 37) stating that they were neutral on pursuing orthopaedics. Pre/post program survey data also indicated that the MSOP influenced students' perceptions of the orthopaedics profession as well as overall intellectual interest in the field.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior research has shown that the majority of women medical students choosing surgical careers decide on this pathway during medical school, particularly after rotating in orthopaedic surgery [4]. Multiple investigators have stressed the importance of hands-on exposure and career mentoring for women in the field [4][5][6][7]; and having a role model of the same sex has been shown to be more important for women than men in recruitment into orthopaedic surgery [6]. Taken together, this prior work suggests that women need to be recruited into orthopaedic surgery both before and during medical school and that outreach efforts should include both hands-on exposure and mentoring from current women in the field.…”

Section: -Point Likert Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies shed some light on these trends, indicating that negative perceptions of workplace culture and lifestyle in orthopaedics persist among female medical students [6,7]. Furthermore, women are more likely to decide to pursue orthopaedics during clinical rotations in medical school as opposed to men who are more likely to decide on orthopaedics before entrance into medical school or clinical rotations [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Perry Initiative's Medical Student Outreach Program Recruits Women Into Orthopaedic Residency

Lattanza

Meszaros-Dearolf²,

O’Connor

et al. 2016

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

113

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Background Orthopaedic surgery lags behind other surgical specialties in terms of gender diversity. The percentage of women entering orthopaedic residency persistently remains at 14% despite near equal ratios of women to men in medical school classes. This trend has been attributed to negative perceptions among women medical students of workplace culture and lifestyle in orthopaedics as well as lack of exposure, particularly during medical school when most women decide to enter the field. Since 2012, The Perry Initiative, a nonprofit organization that is focused on recruiting and retaining women in orthopaedics, had conducted extracurricular outreach programs for first-and second-year female medical students to provide exposure and mentoring opportunities specific to orthopaedics. This program, called the Medical Student Outreach Program (MSOP), is ongoing at medical centers nationwide and has reached over 300 medical students in its first 3 program years (2012)(2013)(2014). Questions/purposes (1) What percentage of MSOP participants eventually match into orthopaedic surgery residency? (2) Does MSOP impact participants' perceptions of the orthopaedics profession as well as intellectual interest in the field? Methods The percentage of program alumnae who matched into orthopaedics was determined by annual followup for our first two cohorts who graduated from medical school. All program participants completed a survey immediately before and after the program that assessed the impact of MSOP on the student's intention to pursue orthopaedics as well as perceptions of the field and intellectual interest in the discipline. 123Clin Orthop Relat Res (2016) 474:1962-1966 DOI 10.1007 Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research ® A Publication of The Association of Bone and Joint Surgeons®Results The orthopaedic surgery match rate for program participants was 31% in our first graduating class (five of 16 participants in 2015) and 28% in our second class (20 of 72 participants in 2016). Pre/post program comparisons showed that the MSOP influenced students' perceptions of the orthopaedics profession as well as overall intellectual interest in the field. Conclusions The results of our study suggest that The Perry Initiative's MSOP positively influences women to choose orthopaedic surgery as a profession. The match rate for program alumnae is twice the percentage of females in current orthopaedic residency classes. Given these positive results, MSOP can serve as a model, both in its curricular content and logistic framework, for other diversity initiatives in the field.

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Section: -Point Likert Scalementioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -Point Likert Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Perry Initiative's Medical Student Outreach Program Recruits Women Into Orthopaedic Residency

Lattanza

Meszaros-Dearolf²,

O’Connor

et al. 2016

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On top of that, few arthroplasty studies explicitly considered the impact of race on outcomes, and most of them are small [1,4] . According to a 2014 Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery editorial [10], in a search for Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery articles over the past 10 years, only three articles mentioned race in the title [8,10,21] although many studies mentioned these in the text. Race was infrequently the main subject of study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Race Affect Outcomes in Total Joint Arthroplasty?

Lavernia

Villa

2015

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Several studies suggest worse surgical outcomes among racial/ethnic minorities. There is a paucity of research on preoperative and postoperative pain, general health, and disease-specific measures in which race is the main subject of investigation; furthermore, the results are not conclusive. Questions/purposes (1) Do black patients have more severe or more frequent preoperative pain, well-being, general health, and disease-specific scores when compared with white patients? (2) Are there differences between black patients and white patients after hip or knee arthroplasty on those same measures?Methods In this retrospective study, we used an institutional arthroplasty registry to analyze data on 2010 primary arthroplasties (1446 knees and 564 hips) performed by one surgeon at a single institution. Cases from patients selfidentifying as black (n = 105) and white (n = 1905) were compared (controlling for confounders, including age and ethnicity) on the following preoperative and postoperative patient-oriented outcomes: pain intensity/frequency as measured by a visual analog scale (VAS), Quality of Well-Being (QWB-7), SF-36, and WOMAC scores. Ttests, chi square, and multivariate analysis of covariance were used. Alpha was set at 0.05. Postoperative analysis was performed only on those cases that had a minimum followup of 1 year (mean, 3.5 years; range, 1-9 years). Of the 2010 arthroplasties, 37% (39 of 105) of those cases performed in black patients and 64% (1219 of 1905) of those performed in white patients were included in the final postoperative model (multivariate analysis of covariance). Results Black patients had more severe preoperative pain intensity (VAS: 8 ± 1.8 versus 8 ± 2.0, mean difference = 0.76 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.34-1

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Racial, Ethnic, and Sex Diversity in Academic Medical Leadership

Meadows,

Skinner,

Hazime

et al. 2023

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceFor the past 50 years, significant gaps have existed in gender and racial diversity across various medical specialties, despite the many benefits of a diverse physician workforce. One proposed approach to increasing diversity is top-down diversification, in which diverse leadership results in increased minority and female workforce representation.ObjectiveTo investigate the changes in academic medical leadership diversity from 2007 to 2019 and to assess the recent leadership diversity of various specialties compared with the averages across all specialties.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a cross-sectional analysis of physicians in varying academic roles in 2007, 2019, and 2020. Demographic data were collected via specialized reports from the Association of American Medical Colleges. Included were 4 primary care specialties (internal medicine, family medicine, pediatrics, obstetrics/gynecology [OB/GYN] and 4 surgical specialties (orthopedic surgery, neurologic surgery, otolaryngology [ENT], general surgery). Study participants were faculty, program directors, and chairpersons. Data were analyzed for the years 2007, 2019, and 2020.InterventionSelf-reporting of demographic information to residency programs collected via the Graduate Medical Education Track Survey.Main Outcomes and MeasuresProportions of each race/ethnicity and sex among cohorts of participants and comparisons between them.ResultsThe total number of individuals investigated included 186 210 faculty from 2019 (79 441 female [42.7%]), 6417 program directors from 2020 (2392 female [37.3%]), 1016 chairpersons from 2007 (89 female [8.8%]), and 2424 chairpersons from 2019 (435 female [17.9%]). When comparing chairperson diversity from 2007 to 2019, only internal medicine and general surgery experienced significant increases in minority (aggregate category used throughout the investigation to refer to anyone who self-identified as anything other than non-Hispanic White) representation (90% increase [11.7 percentage points, from 13.0% in 2007 to 24.7% in 2019]; P = .01 and 96% increase [13.0 percentage points, from 13.5% in 2007 to 26.5% in 2019]; P &lt; .001), respectively; meanwhile, several specialties saw significant increases in female representation during this period (family medicine by 107.4%, P =.002; pediatrics by 83.1%, P =.006; OB/GYN by 53.2%, P =.045; orthopedic surgery by +4.1 percentage points, P =.04; general surgery by 226.9%, P =.005). In general, surgical specialties had lower leadership diversity than the average diversity of all residency programs, whereas primary care specialties had similar or increased diversity.Conclusions and RelevanceStudy results suggest that some specialties have made significant contributions toward bridging diversity gaps whereas others continue to lag behind. Our recommendations to improve academic medical leadership diversity include programs and institutions (1) publishing efforts and outcomes of diversity representation, (2) incorporating a representative demographic for leadership selection committees, and (3) actively promoting the importance of diversity throughout the selection process.

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Diversity Based on Race, Ethnicity, and Sex Between Academic Orthopaedic Surgery and Other Specialties

Cited by 156 publications

References 9 publications

The Perry Initiative's Medical Student Outreach Program Recruits Women Into Orthopaedic Residency

The Perry Initiative's Medical Student Outreach Program Recruits Women Into Orthopaedic Residency

Does Race Affect Outcomes in Total Joint Arthroplasty?

Racial, Ethnic, and Sex Diversity in Academic Medical Leadership

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