Diversity, distribution, agronomic and post-harvest management of local barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) variety in South Wollo, Ethiopia

Abstract

The structure of barley varieties were studied, using structured and semi-structured queries, at Legambo, Tenta and Worailu districts of South Wollo, Ethiopia. Eight local barley varieties (Belg, Ginbot, Sene/Nech, Tikur, Holker, Traveler Tegadime and Temezhi) were identified, and got their names found on seed color and planting season. According to farmers, Tegadime is the production leader among all, but the source of seeds and the market chain are the limiting factors for its popularity and this is why it’s not famous is because of the low price of the seed. Thus, Sene/Nech found to be popular and shared 46.91% at Tenta, 48.47% at Legambo and 51.55% at Wereilu followed by Tikur and Ginbote. High barley diversity was noted at Tenta (E = 0.773) followed by Wereilu (E = 0.678) and Legambo (E = 0.606). Sene/Nech (0.67), Belg (0.62), Tegadime (0.59), Tikur (0.55) and Ginbote (0.54) were found to be shared, but Traveler, Holker and Temezhi were rarely found. At farm, most farmers were plowing twice before sowing using horse. Biological fertilizer usages were well practice at Tenta, Legambo and Were’ilu, respectively. While, inorganic fertilizer usage was better at Wereilu, but none at Legambo. Pest management was better at Wereilu and hand weeding is a common system, but low at Legambo, and mowing by sickle, threshing by horse and store in Gotera were a shared practice. Farmers use outdated tools for agricultural practice and the yield is losing due to unavailable of update machinery. So, different managing approaches and new harvesting technologies should address.

Genetic diversity and population structure of barley landraces from Southern Ethiopia’s Gumer district: Utilization for breeding and conservation

“…The introduction of modern cultivars started in the 20th century in Ethiopia [ 4 ]. However, the Ethiopian barley cultivation system still uses several relatively unique landraces [ 5 – 9 ]. Most Ethiopian landraces cluster separately from Asian, European, and North African landraces in a phylogenetic analysis of their genomes [ 10 ].…”

Phenotypic characterization and seed viability test in ex-situ conserved Ethiopian cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces

“…Cultivated barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) is among the top genetic resources for which the country is known to be the secondary center of diversity, according to Vavilov [ 1 ] and claimed to be the center of origin, according to Bekele [ 6 ] and Negassa [ 7 ]. Until recently, its cultivation is purely traditional and hence, exists largely in landrace form [ 8 ]. Moreover, it is among the top neglected cereals regardless of its huge potential for subsidizing household food security [ 9 ], and supporting national and international breeding programs targeting improved adaptation potential to enhance resilience to drought, diseases and other biotic and abiotic crises [ 10 ].…”