Diversity, Ecology, and Significance of Fungal Endophytes

Sridhar, Kandikere R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-76900-4_5-2

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Nowadays, the bioprospection of fungal endophytes for new compounds to control insect growth is gaining more attention (Grabka et al 2022 ). Generally, these endophytes proved to be excellent and sustainable sources of many bioactive compounds with potential applications in pharmaceutical (Golinska et al 2015 ), agriculture, and food industry (Sridhar 2019 ). All plant species have their own endophytes within tissues (Wang et al 2016 ), as a result of their coevolutionary processes (Petrini et al 1992 ; Ismaiel et al 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioprospecting endophytic fungi for antifeedants and larvicides and their enhancement by gamma irradiation

et al. 2022

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The search and discovery of new natural products with antifeedant and larvicidal potentials to mitigate harmful insects are scientific pressing issues in the modern agriculture. In this paper, the antifeedant and larvicidal potentials of 69 fungal isolates were screened against the Egyptian cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis. A total of 17 isolates showed the insecticidal potentials with three promising isolates. These strains were Aspergillus sydowii, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, and Aspergillus flavus isolated from Ricinus communis (bark), Terminalia arjuna (Bark), and Psidium guajava (twigs), respectively. The effect of gamma irradiation on the antifeedant and larvicidal activities of the three strains was investigated. Exposure of the fungal spores to 1000 Gy of gamma rays significantly intensified both the antifeedant and larvicidal potentials. To identify compounds responsible for these activities, extracts of the three strains were fractionated by thin layer chromatography. The nature of the separated compounds namely, Penitrem A, 1, 3, 5, 8- tetramethyl- 4, 6-diethyl- 7- [2- (methoxycarbonyl)ethyl] porphyrin (from A. sydowii), Penitrem A, 2, 7, 12, 17-Tetramethyl-3, 5:8, 10:13, 15:18, 20-tetrakis (2,2-dimethylpropano) porphyrin (from A. flavus), N,N-Diethyl-3-nitrobenzamide, and Diisooctyl-phthalate (from L. theobromae) were studied by GC-MS analysis. These findings recommend endophytic fungi as promising sources of novel natural compounds to mitigate harmful insects.

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