Diversity of Antioxidant Content and Its Relationship to Grain Color and Morphological Characteristics in Winter Wheat Grains

Abstract

The current interest in the health benefits of whole wheat grain has prompted breeders to further increase the concentration of antioxidants in wheat. The objective of this study was to investigate the variation in antioxidant content among Chinese wheat grains and the relationship between antioxidants and grain color and morphological characteristics. A wide variation was observed in the total phenolic, carotenoid and flavonoid content, as well as the antioxidant activity (AOA), of Chinese wheat varieties. Black wheat had the highest mean total phenolic, carotenoid and flavonoid content and the highest AOA, followed by red and white wheat. The grain color parameters were significantly negatively correlated with total phenolic, carotenoid and flavonoid content and AOA among all of the wheat varieties examined, and grain weight was also significantly negatively correlated with these traits. The same correlation between grain weight and antioxidant traits was also observed within individual groups of wheat, which indicates that grain weight may be used as an index for selecting wheat varieties with high AOA. Landraces had significantly higher flavonoid content than commercial wheat varieties. The results of this study may be useful for breeding nutrient-rich wheat varieties.

Environment and genotype effects on antioxidant properties of organically grown wheat varieties: a 3-year study

“…Liu et al 28 showed significant differences in total phenolic content of purple, red, yellow and white grain wheat, with the first two colour types grains having the highest antioxidant amounts. The relationship between grain colour and antioxidant content was also reported by Ma et al, 29 who highlighted higher polyphenol, flavonoid and carotenoid content in black and red wheat as compared to white wheat. This is in agreement with our results, which showed a higher phenolic content of red grain varieties over the white ones.…”

Seed Biochemical Analysis Based Profiling of Diverse Wheat Genetic Resource from Pakistan

“…Production of wheat is focused primarily in China, Russia, Turkey, Indian, Ukraine, Australia, United States, and Pakistan, accounting for above 80% of the global wheat production (Ikhtiar and Alam, 2007; Siddiqui and Naz, 2009; Sun et al, 2014). Pakistan is the eighth leading producer of wheat, accounting for almost 3.17% of the wheat output in the world from 3.72% of the area under wheat cultivation (Shuaib et al, 2010).…”

“…The recent interest in the benefits of whole cereal grain with respect to health has encouraged breeders to rise the wheat antioxidants concentration (Sun et al, 2014). The aim of this study was to examine the difference in the content of antioxidant among ancient cultivars, land races of wild relatives of domesticated crop, and advance as well as segregating lines of wheat.…”

Genetic background for breeding of new quality classes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and triticale (w Triticosecale Wittmack)

“…Вище ми продемонстрували залежність між виходом і якістю крупи та твердістю зерна. Генетичну варіабельність пшениці за кольором зерна сьогодні розглядають як важливе джерело біофортифікації (збагачення) пшениці такими біологічно цінними складовими зерна, як вітаміни, мінерали й особливо компоненти зерна з антиоксидантною активністю [34].…”