Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with desert ephemerals in plant communities of Junggar Basin, northwest China

Abstract

Colonization by and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi associated with five common ephemerals, Eremopyrum orientale (L.) Jaub. et Spach., Gagea sacculifera Regel., Plantago minuta Pall., Tragopogon kasahstanicus S. Nikit., and Trigonella arcuata C. A. Mey. were investigated in four typical desert plant communities in Junggar Basin, northwest China. All five ephemerals examined were found to be colonized and formed typical arbuscules or vesicles. The proportion of root length colonized ranged from 2 to 85% with an average of 19%. Spore density in soil near the roots of different ephemerals varied from 1 to 120 spores per 20 ml soil, with an average value of 33 spores. Species richness averaged 8.8 AM fungal species in soil near the roots and ranged from 2 to 21. Fifty-four AM fungal taxa belonging to the genera Acaulospora, Archaeospora, Entrophospora, Glomus and Paraglomus were isolated and identified from soil around the roots. Glomus was the dominant AM fungal genus with a frequency of 100% and relative abundance of 82.6%. The AM fungal species with the highest frequency of occurrence was Glomus aggregatum with a frequency of 75%. G. microaggregatum was present in the highest relative abundance (16%). G. sacculifera, P. minuta and T. arcuata formed Arum-type mycorrhizas. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are ubiquitous and Arum-type mycorrhizas are especially prevalent in these important desert communities used for grazing and traditional medicine.

Diversidade de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em área de Caatinga, PE, Brasil

“…Em culturas armadilha as condições podem se tornar mais propícias para esporulação dos FMA, permitindo a identificação das espécies. Representantes de Glomus e algumas espécies de Acaulospora passam por período de dormência e geralmente produzem esporos pequenos e de crescimento rápido, os quais são mais facilmente propagados e têm mais possibilidade de sobrevivência (Shi et al 2007;Zhao & Zhao 2007). Entre as espécies de FMA encontradas, Pacispora boliviana é relatada pela primeira vez para o Brasil, uma vez, que até o momento este táxon era de ocorrência apenas na Bolívia (Oehl & Sieverding 2004), enquanto as demais espécies são comuns a áreas de Caatinga (Goto et al 2010).…”

<b>Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi within agroforestry and traditional land use systems in semi-arid Northeast Brazil</b> - doi: 10.4025/actasciagron.v35i3.16213

“…We also observed higher levels of soil organic C in the opuntia system (Table 1). Several other studies have also reported positive correlations between the fractions of GRSP and soil organic C content, both for natural and for cultivated soils (BIRD et al, 2002;NICHOLS;RILLIG et al, 2003;UPADHYAYA, 1996).…”

“…Glomus was represented by eight species, followed by Acaulospora (five), Scutellospora (one), Racocetra (two) and Entrophosphora (one). Some studies (GAI et al, 2006;LI et al, 2007;SHI et al, 2007;TAO;ZHIWEI, 2005) also demonstrated that the Acaulospora and Glomus species are dominant in semi-arid areas.…”

“…Five milliliters of iodonitrotetrazolium chloride (INT) at 0.1% was added to the spores, which were incubated for 5 days at room temperature to evaluate their viability, according to the methodology proposed by Walley and Germida (1995). Spores were considered viable when they turned red from reacting with INT and non-viable when their original color was maintained with INT.…”

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in degraded typical steppe of inner Mongolia

“…G. aggregatum and G. geosporum were the dominant species in both moderately and severely degraded sites. Numerous other studies have shown Glomus to be dominant in arid or semiarid areas (Frank et al, 2003;Ferrol et al, 2004;Shi et al, 2007). G. aggregatum and G. geosporum are also frequently found in arid or semiarid ecosystems (Panwar and Tarafdar, 2006;Shi et al, 2006;Uhlmann et al, 2006).…”