Diversity of bird species in Pangheotan grassland and Mount Masigit Kareumbi Hunting Park, West Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. Withaningsih S, Parikesit, Rakha. 2022. Diversity of bird species in Pangheotan grassland and Mount Masigit Kareumbi Hunting Park, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2790-2798. The diversity of bird species is often used as an indicator of the ecosystem balance of an area. One of the efforts to preserve and protect the diversity of bird species is made by fostering habitat in the Pangheotan I Grassland (Kebun Rumput Pangheotan, hereinafter Pangheotan grassland) of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara (PTPN) VIII, West Bandung District, Indonesia and the Wali Pohon Block of Mount Masigit Kareumbi Hunting Park (Taman Buru Gunung Masigit Kareumbi herein after TBGMK), Bandung District, Indonesia. This study aims to determine the diversity of bird species in the two areas so that it can be used as basic data in making planning strategies for maintaining and increasing biodiversity. Bird data collection techniques using the point count method and analysis of bird species diversity data were carried out using a quantitative data analysis approach. In the second year of habitat development, 27 species of birds were found in Pangheotan grassland, with a Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') of 2,479 (medium diversity), an evenness index of 0.814 (even abundance), and Pycnonotus aurigaster was the species of bird that had the highest relative frequency and relative abundance. Meanwhile, in the second year of habitat development in TBGMK, 45 species of birds were found with H' of 3,237 (high diversity), and E of 0.926 (even abundance), and srigunting kelabu (Dicrurus leucophaeus) was the species of bird that had the highest relative frequency and relative abundance. The results of the study show the success of the habitat development carried out in these two locations through the biodiversity by design program.

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“…The closer the food source, the shorter it takes bees to gather food. Likewise, the energy needed to go back and forth to visit the food source became more efficient [7].…”

“…It followed the statement from researcher [3], who reported that most stingless bee species reared in Jambi and South Sumatra were H. itama. The rearing box shape specificity of honey bees and placement depended on honey bee species [7]. In Figure 5d, the stacked boxes were usually used to keep small stingless bees, such as Tetragonula laeviceps, while the large ones were placed separately (Figures 5c and 5e).…”

“…Depending on the type of plant, there were different flowering periods. For example, roses, jasmine, and A. leptopus almost all year [7], unlike acacia plants, which flower at a certain time. With different flowering times, this can cause the availability of food for honey bees to be fulfilled.…”

“…The distance between bee boxes and feed sources is also an important factor. In addition to making it easier to obtain feed, an accessible distance to honey bees will make it easier to find and obtain feed and bring it back to the hive [7]. In addition, the maintenance box should also be placed near the beekeeper's house.…”

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“…Hutan buru, juga dikenal dengan taman buru, merupakan satu tipe hutan konservasi yang membolehkan kegiatan berburu. Kegiatan berburu ini adalah kegiatan wisata yang diperuntukkan bagi wisatawan tertentu (Withaningsih et al, 2022). Berburu pada taman buru juga bermaksud untuk mengendalikan populasi hewan dan hama.…”