Diversity of communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi present in conventional versus low-input agricultural sites in eastern Pennsylvania, USA

Franke-Snyder, Marlise; Douds, David D.; Galvez, L.; Phillips, J. G.; Wagoner, P.; Drinkwater, Laurie E.; Morton, Joseph B.

doi:10.1016/s0929-1393(00)00100-1

Cited by 126 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…However, little is known about the effect of management practices on the species diversity and community structure of AMF. A recent study on the effects of conventional versus low-input agriculture reported that different management practices did not affect AMF communities in an important way (18); at the site of this trial, however, the nutrient level was extremely high, in particular with regard to phosphorus.…”

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confidence: 62%

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Impact of Land Use Intensity on the Species Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Agroecosystems of Central Europe

Oehl

Sieverding

Ineichen

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

652

457

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The impact of land use intensity on the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was investigated at eight sites in the "three-country corner" of France, Germany, and Switzerland. Three sites were low-input, species-rich grasslands. Two sites represented low-to moderate-input farming with a 7-year crop rotation, and three sites represented high-input continuous maize monocropping. Representative soil samples were taken, and the AMF spores present were morphologically identified and counted. The same soil samples also served as inocula for "AMF trap cultures" with Plantago lanceolata, Trifolium pratense, and Lolium perenne. These trap cultures were established in pots in a greenhouse, and AMF root colonization and spore formation were monitored over 8 months. For the field samples, the numbers of AMF spores and species were highest in the grasslands, lower in the low-and moderate-input arable lands, and lowest in the lands with intensive continuous maize monocropping. Some AMF species occurred at all sites ("generalists"); most of them were prevalent in the intensively managed arable lands. Many other species, particularly those forming sporocarps, appeared to be specialists for grasslands. Only a few species were specialized on the arable lands with crop rotation, and only one species was restricted to the high-input maize sites. In the trap culture experiment, the rate of root colonization by AMF was highest with inocula from the permanent grasslands and lowest with those from the high-input monocropping sites. In contrast, AMF spore formation was slowest with the former inocula and fastest with the latter inocula. In conclusion, the increased land use intensity was correlated with a decrease in AMF species richness and with a preferential selection of species that colonized roots slowly but formed spores rapidly.A main component of the soil microbiota in most agroecosystems are the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). These obligate mutualistic symbionts colonize the roots of the vast majority of plants, including most crop plants (50). By forming an extended, intricate hyphal network, AMF can efficiently absorb mineral nutrients from the soil and deliver them to their host plants in exchange for carbohydrates. Facilitated nutrient uptake, particularly with respect to immobile nutrients, such as phosphorus, is believed to be the main benefit of the mycorrhizal symbiosis for plants (20,39). AMF can also enhance tolerance of or resistance to root pathogens (7) or abiotic stresses, such as drought and metal toxicity (37). Furthermore, AMF may play a role in the formation of stable soil aggregates, building up a macroporous structure of soil that allows penetration of water and air and prevents erosion (39).From all of these beneficial effects on plant performance and soil health, it is evident that AMF are crucial for the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. Not only their presence but also their genetic and functional diversities are of importance: AMF diversity can be decisive for both plant community s...

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confidence: 62%

“…A remarkable exception was the organically managed land harboring as many as 26 species, similar to the number in the grasslands. Previously reported data on species richness in temperate European and North American arable lands are in the same range (12,14,18,30,31,56).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Impact of Land Use Intensity on the Species Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Agroecosystems of Central Europe

Oehl

Sieverding

Ineichen

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

652

457

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“…Hart and Reader, 2004) and some field experiments (e.g. Oehl et al, 2003) have suggested that some groups of AMF are more tolerant of soil disturbance than others, others have found no significant differences in diversity of AMF between tillage treatments (Franke-Snyder et al, 2001;Jansa et al, 2002). Goss and de Varennes (2002) used soybean as the experimental plant, a legume native to Eastern Asia grown for its seed which has a very high protein and oil content.…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The tripartite symbiosis between legumes, rhizobia and indigenous mycorrhizal fungi is more efficient in undisturbed soil

Varennes

Goss

2007

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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We investigated how the rate of colonization by indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) affects the interaction between AMF, Sinorrhizobium meliloti and Medicago truncatula Gaertn. To generate a differential inoculum potential of indigenous AMF, five cycles of wheat, each of 1 month, were grown in sieved or undisturbed soil before M. truncatula was sown. The early colonization of M. truncatula roots by indigenous AMF was faster in undisturbed soil compared with sieved soil, but by pod-fill the frequency of hyphae, arbuscules and vesicles was similar in both treatments. At this latter stage, M. truncatula grown in undisturbed soil had accumulated a greater biomass in aboveground tissues, had a greater P concentration and derived more N from the atmosphere than plants grown in disturbed soil, although soil compaction resulted in plants having a smaller root system than those from disturbed soil. The difference in plant P content could not be explained by modifications in hydrolytic soil enzymes related to the P cycle as the activity of acid phosphatase was greater in sieved than in undisturbed soil, and the activity of alkaline phosphatase was unaffected by the treatment. Thus, the results observed were a consequence of the different rates of AMF colonization caused by soil disturbance. Together with earlier results for soybean, this study confirms that soil disturbance modifies the interaction between indigenous AMF, rhizobia and legumes leading to a reduced efficacy of the bacterial symbiont. r

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“…In other studies, Glomus spp. dominated in some soils after soybean cultivation (An et al 1990, Franke-Snyder et al 2001. In this study, several Glomus spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Community of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Soybean Roots after Cultivation with Different Cropping Systems

Kojima

Oka

Karasawa

et al. 2014

JARQ

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Crop growth was enhanced in fields previously cultivated with host plants colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), compared with fields previously cultivated with non-mycorrhizal plants.To clarify the effect of previous cropping on the community structure of AMF in soybean roots, soybean were grown in fields which were cultivated after mycorrhizal plants, non-mycorrhizal plants, or left in uncropped condition over three years (in 2004, 2006, and 2007) in two different soils (Thaptoupland Wet Andosol and Low-humic Andosol). The partial region in the 18S rDNA of AMF from soybean roots was amplified by a nested PCR method using primers specific for AMF and sequenced. The sequence homology search and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the AMF community in soybean roots was unaffected by the preceding crop. Further, it was shown that the AMF phylotype "Glo-B1", which included Glomus sp. ZJ (AB076344), was the most frequently detected, irrespective of the preceding cropping system. However, in 2007, the community structure of AMF in the soybean roots from the Low-humic Andosol field, which had been used as grassland for several years, was relatively different from that of the Thapto-upland Wet Andosol fields. It was implied that the AMF community could be affected by environmental condition or long-term vegetation.

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Diversity of communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi present in conventional versus low-input agricultural sites in eastern Pennsylvania, USA

Cited by 126 publications

References 73 publications

Impact of Land Use Intensity on the Species Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Agroecosystems of Central Europe

Impact of Land Use Intensity on the Species Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Agroecosystems of Central Europe

The tripartite symbiosis between legumes, rhizobia and indigenous mycorrhizal fungi is more efficient in undisturbed soil

Community of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Soybean Roots after Cultivation with Different Cropping Systems

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