Diversity of exotic earthworms in Australia –– a status report

Blakemore, R. J.; Darwin, Charles

doi:10.7882/rzsnsw.1999.030

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Lumbricids have spread to suitable habitats around the world, including large parts of Australia (e.g., Hendrix et al 2008), a continent with over 20 such taxa recorded (Blakemore 1999). However, to our knowledge, only one study specifically focusing on the genetic variation within and between lumbricid species in Australia has been published (Dyer et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA-barcoding of invasive European earthworms (Clitellata: Lumbricidae) in south-western Australia

et al. 2015

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Using DNA-barcoding, we studied the diversity of invasive European earthworms in the south-western corner of Australia. We found six Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units belonging to five morphospecies: Aporrectodea caliginosa, A. trapezoides, Dendrobaena cf. attemsi, Eiseniella tetraedra and Octolasion cyaneum. These were variously collected from indigenous forests and/or alienated land. Two cryptic lineages were found within A. trapezoides, and high intraspecific genetic variation was also found within E. tetraedravariation that had previously been documented in Europe. Our study demonstrates the usefulness of DNA-barcoding for the identification of earthworms, including cryptic species. Correct identification and high taxonomic resolution is crucial for the monitoring of cryptic diversity, detecting new introductions and monitoring spread of established exotic earthworms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA-barcoding of invasive European earthworms (Clitellata: Lumbricidae) in south-western Australia

et al. 2015

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“…Examples of the most common cosmopolitan species obtained from various sources around the world have been previously redescribed (e.g. Blakemore 1994Blakemore , 1999Blakemore , 2000Blakemore , 2002. Due to operational constraints Japanese type specimens have yet to be thoroughly tracked, but there is no indication that these were inspected by , nor by Ishizuka (1999a.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gates (1972: 238) considered Drawida to have a self-acquired range greater than that of the 'Pheretima domain', with the total of species expected to rival the number of pheretimoids. Several species are cosmopolitan and their distribution has been extended by human activities (see Gates 1972;Easton 1982;Blakemore 1999Blakemore , 2002. remarked that the genus is poorly known in Japan, and that five new Drawida species names listed by Oishi (1932: 18), e.g.…”

Section: Family Moniligastridaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nakamura (1999a: vii, 108) shows a photograph of Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus, 1758 from his specimen collection, and he further records Lumbricus rubellus Hoffmeister, 1842 as being imported into Japan for vermiculture. Neither of these species is confirmed because there is no statement that L. terrestris is actually from Japanese material, and L. rubellus, although often claimed, has never been confirmed in vermiculture and is most often a misidentification of Eisenia fetida (see Blakemore, 1999).…”

Section: Genus Lumbricusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Asian Invasive Earthworms of the GenusAmynthasKinberg in Vermont

Görres

Melnichuk

2012

Northeastern Naturalist

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Electr. Suppl. 11. − to:Org. Divers. Evol. 3(3): 241-244. AbstractThe current revision provisionally lists 77 valid earthworm taxa in seven families from Japan, with approximately 80 further names (ca. 50% of the total) either in synonymy or retained as species incertae sedis. About 30 species are known introductions and another ten are possibly more widespread, thus the probable number of wholly endemic Japanese earthworms is around 40 species (ca. 50% of the total valid species). However, a definitive work on the systematics of Japan's earthworms is pending and the current revision aims only to provide a status quo and to track changes from the last comprehensive revision by that listed 74 taxa. Subsequently, 60 or so new pheretimoid names were added by Ishizuka in 1999-2001, but only a few are considered valid taxa with the remainder being synonyms or species incertae sedis. The substitute name 'Pheretima' palarva Blakemore nom. nov. is provided for one of Ishizuka's junior homonyms (Pheretima parvula).

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“…Both being concentrated repositories for endemic natives and introduced exotics which require considerable taxonomic expertise in order to identify correctly. The current study attempted a pilot earthworm eco-taxonomic biodiversity assessment during the author's brief visit to Darwin, the Territory's capital city, in March, 2015. Although tropical Northern Territory occupies a vast area (1,420,970 km²) and an early description was of native Diplotrema eremia (Spencer, 1896) from Alice Springs, only a dozen natives and just 8 exotics reviewed 33 years ago by Easton (1982) then Blakemore (1994Blakemore ( , 1999Blakemore ( , 2002Blakemore ( , 2012a, give a present total of ca. 20 earthworm species -about the same number as found on a single farm in the south (see Dyne 1987, Dyne & Jamieson 2004, Blakemore 1994, 2008c.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%