Diversity of Ixodes ricinus tick-associated bacterial communities from different forests

Overbeek, Leo van; Gassner, Fedor; Plas, Carin Lombaers Van Der; Kastelein, P.; Rocha, Ulisses Nunes–da; Takken, Willem

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2008.00468.x

Cited by 97 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In the Netherlands and Russia, "Ca. Neoehrlichia mikurensis"-infected I. ricinus ticks appeared to be somewhat more common (1,17,21). A related, if not identical pathogen, designated "Ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis,” Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Lyme Disease Spirochetes in Questing European Vector Ticks and in Feeding Ticks Removed from People

Richter

Matuschka

2012

J Clin Microbiol

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To estimate the likelihood of people coming into contact with the recently described tick-borne agent "Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis," we compared its prevalence to those of Lyme disease spirochetes and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in questing adult Ixodes ricinus ticks collected in various Central European sites and examined ticks, which had been removed from people, for the presence of these pathogens. Whereas spirochetes infected questing adult ticks most frequently (22.3%), fewer than a third as many ticks were infected by "Ca. Neoehrlichia mikurensis" (6.2%), and about a sixth harbored A. phagocytophilum (3.9%). On average, every twelfth encounter of a person with an I. ricinus tick (8.1%) may bear the risk of acquiring "Ca. Neoehrlichia mikurensis." Although a fifth of the people (20%) had removed at least one tick infected by "Ca. Neoehrlichia mikurensis," none displayed symptoms described for this pathogen, suggesting that its transmission may not be immediate and/or that immunocompetent individuals may not be affected. Because immunosuppressed patients may be at a particular risk of developing symptoms, it should be considered that "Ca. Neoehrlichia mikurensis" appears to be the second most common pathogen in I. ricinus ticks. In our survey, only Borrelia afzelii appears to infect Central European vector ticks more frequently.

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“…In the Netherlands and Russia, "Ca. Neoehrlichia mikurensis"-infected I. ricinus ticks appeared to be somewhat more common (1,17,21). A related, if not identical pathogen, designated "Ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis,” Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Lyme Disease Spirochetes in Questing European Vector Ticks and in Feeding Ticks Removed from People

Richter

Matuschka

2012

J Clin Microbiol

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“…related to the typhus group in I. ricinus ticks that were collected in the Netherlands (311,331). Another such example is R. helvetica in D. reticulatus ticks in Croatia (287).…”

Section: Nonvalidated Incompletely Described or Uncultivated Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Tick-Borne Rickettsioses around the World: a Geographic Approach

et al. 2013

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SUMMARY Tick-borne rickettsioses are caused by obligate intracellular bacteria belonging to the spotted fever group of the genus Rickettsia . These zoonoses are among the oldest known vector-borne diseases. However, in the past 25 years, the scope and importance of the recognized tick-associated rickettsial pathogens have increased dramatically, making this complex of diseases an ideal paradigm for the understanding of emerging and reemerging infections. Several species of tick-borne rickettsiae that were considered nonpathogenic for decades are now associated with human infections, and novel Rickettsia species of undetermined pathogenicity continue to be detected in or isolated from ticks around the world. This remarkable expansion of information has been driven largely by the use of molecular techniques that have facilitated the identification of novel and previously recognized rickettsiae in ticks. New approaches, such as swabbing of eschars to obtain material to be tested by PCR, have emerged in recent years and have played a role in describing emerging tick-borne rickettsioses. Here, we present the current knowledge on tick-borne rickettsiae and rickettsioses using a geographic approach toward the epidemiology of these diseases.

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“…Diverse microbial communities were found in these vectors, and most microbial species were represented sparsely or occurred in only a few individual vectors. Some studies also indicated that the composition of these microbial communities often varies across time and space (Kirstein et al, 1997;Wielinga et al, 2006;van Overbeek et al, 2008;Jones et al, 2010) and that these variations are linked largely to the characteristics of the arthropod (for example, its species, life stage, diet and blood engorgement level; Pidiyar et al, 2004;Moreno et al, 2006;Heise et al, 2010;Jones et al, 2010;Hawlena et al, 2013). Nevertheless, because vector-borne microbes spend a part of their lives in the blood of the vertebrate host, it is important to consider also the internal environment of this host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similarities and seasonal variations in bacterial communities from the blood of rodents and from their flea vectors

et al. 2015

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Vector-borne microbes are subject to the ecological constraints of two distinct microenvironments: that in the arthropod vector and that in the blood of its vertebrate host. Because the structure of bacterial communities in these two microenvironments may substantially affect the abundance of vector-borne microbes, it is important to understand the relationship between bacterial communities in both microenvironments and the determinants that shape them. We used pyrosequencing analyses to compare the structure of bacterial communities in Synosternus cleopatrae fleas and in the blood of their Gerbillus andersoni hosts. We also monitored the interindividual and seasonal variability in these bacterial communities by sampling the same individual wild rodents during the spring and again during the summer. We show that the bacterial communities in each sample type (blood, female flea or male flea) had a similar phylotype composition among host individuals, but exhibited seasonal variability that was not directly associated with host characteristics. The structure of bacterial communities in male fleas and in the blood of their rodent hosts was remarkably similar and was dominated by flea-borne Bartonella and Mycoplasma phylotypes. A lower abundance of flea-borne bacteria and the presence of Wolbachia phylotypes distinguished bacterial communities in female fleas from those in male fleas and in rodent blood. These results suggest that the overall abundance of a certain vector-borne microbe is more likely to be determined by the abundance of endosymbiotic bacteria in the vector, abundance of other vector-borne microbes co-occurring in the vector and in the host blood and by seasonal changes, than by host characteristics.

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Diversity of Ixodes ricinus tick-associated bacterial communities from different forests

Cited by 97 publications

References 60 publications

“Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis,” Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Lyme Disease Spirochetes in Questing European Vector Ticks and in Feeding Ticks Removed from People

“Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis,” Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Lyme Disease Spirochetes in Questing European Vector Ticks and in Feeding Ticks Removed from People

Update on Tick-Borne Rickettsioses around the World: a Geographic Approach

Similarities and seasonal variations in bacterial communities from the blood of rodents and from their flea vectors

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