Diversity of Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis mycobacteria causing lymphadenitis, France

Despierres, L.; Cohen-Bacrie, Stéphan; Richet, Hervé; Drancourt, Michel

doi:10.1007/s10096-011-1452-2

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…M. avium subsp. hominissuis is responsible for various lymphadenitis, respiratory disease, and disseminated and focal infections in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients (6,7). This bacterium is a common cause of infection in swine but also infects other domestic and wild species (8)(9)(10) and is frequently cultured from water and soil (11).…”

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Detection of Mycobacteria, Mycobacterium avium Subspecies, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex by a Novel Tetraplex Real-Time PCR Assay

et al. 2015

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bMycobacterium tuberculosis complex, Mycobacterium avium, and many other nontuberculous mycobacteria are worldwide distributed microorganisms of major medical and veterinary importance. Considering the growing epidemiologic significance of wildlife-livestock-human interrelation, developing rapid detection tools of high specificity and sensitivity is vital to assess their presence and accelerate the process of diagnosing mycobacteriosis. Here we describe the development and evaluation of a novel tetraplex real-time PCR for simultaneous detection of Mycobacterium genus, M. avium subspecies, and M. tuberculosis complex in an internally monitored single assay. The method was evaluated using DNA from mycobacterial (n ‫؍‬ 38) and nonmycobacterial (n ‫؍‬ 28) strains, tissues spiked with different CFU amounts of three mycobacterial species (n ‫؍‬ 57), archival clinical samples (n ‫؍‬ 233), and strains isolated from various hosts (n ‫؍‬ 147). The minimum detectable DNA amount per reaction was 50 fg for M. bovis BCG and M. kansasii and 5 fg for M. avium subsp. hominissuis. When spiked samples were analyzed, the method consistently detected as few as 100 to 1,000 mycobacterial CFU per gram. The sensitivity and specificity values for the panel of clinical samples were 97.5 and 100% using a verified culture-based method as the reference method. The assays performed on clinical isolates confirmed these results. This PCR was able to identify M. avium and M. tuberculosis complex in the same sample in one reaction. In conclusion, the tetraplex real-time PCR we designed represents a highly specific and sensitive tool for the detection and identification of mycobacteria in routine laboratory diagnosis with potential additional uses. T he genusMycobacterium encompasses a large number of worldwide distributed pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria responsible for a broad range of infectious diseases. Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, Mycobacterium avium, and many other nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are of major medical and veterinary significance. Human tuberculosis (TB) due to infection with members of M. tuberculosis complex, especially with M. tuberculosis, remains an important health problem according to annual reports of the World Health Organization (WHO). Animal or bovine TB (bTB), caused primarily by Mycobacterium bovis but also by Mycobacterium caprae, poses serious socioeconomic and health threats (1) and is a notifiable disease listed under the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) Terrestrial Animal Health Code (TAHC). Although bTB is controlled in most developed countries, its eradication has not been fully accomplished due to a lack of sensitivity of diagnostic tools and to the persistence of infection in extensive farming and wild populations (2). The disease remains a significant problem in many countries with less developed laboratory capacity (1). Accordingly, human TB caused by M. bovis or M. caprae is supposed to be infrequent in developed regions but is relatively common and possibly underestimated in ...

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Detection of Mycobacteria, Mycobacterium avium Subspecies, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex by a Novel Tetraplex Real-Time PCR Assay

et al. 2015

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“…The clinical course, resolution of symptoms and disappearance of colonic ulcers without anti-mycobacterial therapy suggest that this organism may cause a transient infection. Although a causative role could not be stated conclusively, and the disappearance of lesions in the absence of therapy may suggest that the isolated organism was merely a colonizer, the evidence for MAH as causative agent of lymphadenitis and sometimes disseminated granulomatous inflammation in animals is supportive of virulence of the organism [11][12][13]. Moreover, MAH is capable of causing serious systemic infection in immunocompromised patients, including individuals infected with HIV [14].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, MAH is capable of causing serious systemic infection in immunocompromised patients, including individuals infected with HIV [14]. Additionally, this pathogen can cause cervical lymphadenitis in immunocompetent host and lung infections in patients with underlying lung disease [11,15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diarrhea and Colonic Ulcers of Unusual Etiology

Keynan¹,

Cantor²,

Grynspan³

et al. 2013

Mycobact Diseases

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The present report describes a case of chronic diarrhea with several ulcers in the ascending colon in a 47-yearold woman who immigrated to Canada from the Phillipines. A biopsy from affected colon revealed caseating granulomas and culture grew mycobacterium avium subspecies. Polymerase chain reaction from the colonic biopsy specimen confirmed the presence of mycobacterium avium subspecies that was subsequently identified by hsp65 sequence to be mycobacterium avium hominissuis (MAH). Anti-mycobacterial therapy was started but discontinued by the patient. After 6 months a repeat colonoscopy was macroscopically normal and no granulomas could be seen on biopsies taken from normal appearing colonic tissue. The epidemiological features, host-range and laboratory identification of this unusual organism are discussed.

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“…hominissuis, has been isolated from patients with HIV, respiratory disease, and lymphadentitis (3,(18)(19)(20) as well as from asymptomatic swine with granulomatous lesions of the head and mesenteric lymph nodes (21). These findings indicate that both hosts are largely susceptible to this particular organism.…”

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Subspecies Identification and Significance of 257 Clinical Strains of Mycobacterium avium

Tran

Han

2014

J Clin Microbiol

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Mycobacterium avium is abundant in the environment. It has four subspecies of three types: the human or porcine type, M. avium subsp. hominissuis; the bird type, including M. avium subsp. avium serotype 1 and serotype 2, 3 (also M. avium subsp. silvaticum); and the ruminant type, M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. We determined the subspecies of 257 M. avium strains isolated from patients at the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center from 2001 to 2010 and assessed their clinical significance. An assay of multiplex PCR was used for the typing. Results showed M. avium subsp. hominissuis to be most common (n ‫؍‬ 238, 92.6%), followed by M. avium subsp. avium serotype 1 (n ‫؍‬ 12, 4.7%) and serotype 2, 3 (n ‫؍‬ 7, 2.7%). No strains of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis were found. Of the 238 patients with M. avium subsp. hominissuis, 65 (27.3%) showed evidence of definite or probable infections, mostly in the respiratory tract, whereas the rest had weak evidence of infection. The bird-type subspecies, despite being infrequently isolated, caused relatively more definite and probable infections (10 of 19 strains, 52.6%). Overall, women of 50 years of age or older were more prone to M. avium infection than younger women or men of all ages were. We therefore conclude that M. avium subsp. hominissuis is the dominant M. avium subspecies clinically, that the two bird-type subspecies do cause human infections, and that M. avium infects mainly postmenopausal women. The lack of human clinical isolation of the ruminant type subspecies may need further investigation. N ontuberculous mycobacteria are ubiquitous in the environment and can cause significant disease in animals and humans (1-5). Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare were the two original main species belonging to the M. avium-M. intracellulare complex (MAIC). M. avium is an important opportunistic pathogen that causes respiratory tract, lymph node, and, occasionally, soft tissue infections in healthy immunocompetent individuals (6, 7). Moreover, secondary infections with M. avium have gained increased attention over the decades due to the longevity of the immunocompromised population, i.e., individuals living with HIV and AIDS, and the administration of immunosuppressive chemotherapeutics in cancer patients (8).With the development of new molecular identification methods, M. avium has been further subdivided into four major subspecies: M. avium subsp. avium, M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis, M. avium subsp. silvaticum, and M. avium subsp. hominissuis (9, 10), each with distinct pathogenic characteristics and host preference and all considered possible zoonoses. These M. avium subspecies are considered to be a broad group, particularly M. avium subsp. avium and M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis as independently evolved pathogenic clones (9, 10).

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Diversity of Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis mycobacteria causing lymphadenitis, France

Cited by 26 publications

References 47 publications

Detection of Mycobacteria, Mycobacterium avium Subspecies, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex by a Novel Tetraplex Real-Time PCR Assay

Detection of Mycobacteria, Mycobacterium avium Subspecies, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex by a Novel Tetraplex Real-Time PCR Assay

Diarrhea and Colonic Ulcers of Unusual Etiology

Subspecies Identification and Significance of 257 Clinical Strains of Mycobacterium avium

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