Diversity of mycorrhizal Tulasnella associated with epiphytic and rupicolous orchids from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, including four new species

Freitas, Emiliane Fernanda Silva; Silva, Meiriele da; S., Cruz, Everaldo Da; Mangaravite, Érica; Bocayuva, Melissa Faust; Veloso, Tomás Gomes Reis; Selosse, Marc‐André; Kasuya, Maria Catarina Megumi

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-63885-w

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…Among them, the dominant genera were Epulorhiza, Fusarium , and Tulasnella. Tulasnella and Epulorhiza were considered universal orchid symbionts, 26 i.e., they can form mycorrhizal fungi with most orchids. 27–37 Studies have reported that Fusarium is the dominant species of P. armeniacum, P. micranthum , and Bletilla striata .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and identification of beneficial orchid mycorrhizal fungi in Paphiopedilum barbigerum (Orchidaceae)

Fan

Liao

Wang

et al. 2021

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Seed germination and seedling development in nearly all orchid species rely on a symbiotic relationship with mycorrhizal fungi; however, this is not the case with all mycorrhizal fungi. This study aims to provide an understanding about the important role of mycorrhiza in seed germination and growth of Paphiopedilum barbigerum . Therefore, we isolated and identified endophytic fungi from the roots of wild P. barbigerum . The beneficial mycorrhizal fungi Epulorhiza sp. FQXY019 and Tulasnella calospora FQXY017 were screened by seed symbiotic germination tests and found to promote seed germination. However, only the seeds inoculated with FQXY019 progressed from the seed germination to rooting stage. This shows that mycorrhizal fungi and P. barbigerum have a specific relation at different growth phases. In addition, we selected FQXY019 and inoculated it into MS medium, B5 medium, OMA medium, and PDA medium. The results showed that FQXY019 co-cultured on PDA significantly promoted the increase in seedling fresh weight, leaf length, and root length ( p < .01). Furthermore, it significantly promoted the root number and leaf number of seedlings compared with those co-cultured on MS, B5, and OMA media and control ( p < .05). Thus, this study demonstrated the promoting effect of Epulorhiza sp. FQXY019 on seed germination and seedling development, making it an alternative method for the artificial propagation of P. barbigerum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and identification of beneficial orchid mycorrhizal fungi in Paphiopedilum barbigerum (Orchidaceae)

Fan

Liao

Wang

et al. 2021

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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“…The OTU TU11 (Tulasnellaceae) was the most frequently detected OTU in Dendrobium okinawense roots and was subjected to phylogenetic analysis using ITS sequences. To confirm the taxonomic placement of TU11 and its relationship to other known Tulasnella species, reference sequences of Tulasnella species from Freitas et al (2020), as well as all representative sequences from GenBank with >97% homology with TU11, were also included in the analysis. Sequences of Tulasnellaceae taxa obtained from Dendrobium species in previous studies (see Table S2) were included in the analysis as well.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The endangered epiphytic orchid Dendrobium okinawense has a highly specific mycorrhizal association with a single Tulasnellaceae fungus

Rammitsu

Abe

et al. 2021

Journal of Forest Research

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Epiphytic orchids, which account for 68% of vascular epiphytes, contribute substantially to plant species diversity in forest canopies. Many orchid species are naturally rare and have limited geographical distributions. All orchids rely on mycorrhizal fungi for nutrient acquisition during seed germination and seedling establishment, and many species retain these associations throughout their lifecycle. Due to their reliance on mycorrhizal fungi, epiphytic orchid species with highly specific mycorrhizal associations may be geographically restricted and are often rare. Dendrobium okinawense is a rare epiphytic orchid endemic to the Yambaru Forest in Japan and to southern Taiwan. We hypothesized that this species exhibits high mycorrhizal specificity and tested this hypothesis via identification of the species' mycorrhizal associates. We collected root samples of this orchid from four tree species and assessed mycorrhizal fungi in 25 root fragments harvested from 10 plants. Fungi were identified using molecular methods based on fungal isolates and DNA extracted from mycorrhizal roots. Detected fungi were assigned to 21 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) based on 97% sequence similarity of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region sequences. TU11, an OTU belonging to Tulasnellaceae (Basidiomycota), was the most frequently detected OTU, occurring in 20 root fragments from all 10 sampled individuals. Our results indicate that Dendrobium okinawense has a highly specific association with TU11. Further, this specificity may be high relative to the Dendrobium species assessed in other studies. These findings support the hypothesis that Dendrobium okinawense exhibits high mycorrhizal specificity.

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“…Orchidaceae, one of the biggest flowering plant families, is widely distributed in almost all parts of the world. However, many orchid species are listed as endangered owing to habitat degradation and dependence on other organisms, i.e., pollinators (Suetsugu et al 2015;Freitas et al 2020). Moreover, establishing orchids in the natural habitat is always complicated, even in suitable conditions (Pujasatria et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orchid mycorrhizal fungi and ascomycetous fungi in epiphytic Vanda falcata roots occupy different niches during growth and development

Pujasatria

Nishiguchi²,

Miura

et al. 2022

Mycorrhiza

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Epiphytic orchids are commonly found in exposed environments, which plausibly lead to different root fungal community structures from terrestrial orchids. Until recently, no studies have been conducted to show the fungal community structure during the growth of a photosynthetic and epiphytic orchid in its natural growing state. In this study, the Vanda falcata (commonly known as Neofinetia falcata), one of Japan's ornamental orchids, was used to characterize the fungal community structure at different developmental stages. Amplicon sequencing analysis showed that all development stages contain a similar fungal community: Ascomycota dominates half of the community while one-third of the community is Basidiomycota. Rhizoctonia-like fungi, a term to group the most common basidiomycetous fungi that form orchid mycorrhiza, exist even in a smaller portion (around a quarter) compared to other Basidiomycota members. While ascomycetous fungi exhibit pathogenicity, two Ceratobasidium strains isolated from young and adult plants could initiate seed germination in vitro. It was also found that the colonization of mycorrhizal fungi was concentrated in the lower part of the root where it directly attaches to the phorophyte bark, while ascomycetous fungi were distributed in the velamen but never colonized cortical cells.Additionally, lower root parts attached to the bark have denser exodermal passage cells, and these cells were colonized only by mycorrhizal fungi that further infiltrated the cortical area.Therefore, we propose that physical regulation of fungal entry to partition the ascomycetes and mycorrhizal fungi results in the balanced mycorrhizal symbiosis in this orchid.

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Diversity of mycorrhizal Tulasnella associated with epiphytic and rupicolous orchids from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, including four new species

Cited by 24 publications

References 52 publications

Isolation and identification of beneficial orchid mycorrhizal fungi in Paphiopedilum barbigerum (Orchidaceae)

Isolation and identification of beneficial orchid mycorrhizal fungi in Paphiopedilum barbigerum (Orchidaceae)

The endangered epiphytic orchid Dendrobium okinawense has a highly specific mycorrhizal association with a single Tulasnellaceae fungus

Orchid mycorrhizal fungi and ascomycetous fungi in epiphytic Vanda falcata roots occupy different niches during growth and development

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