Diversity of Nuclear Dna Contents of Hydrangea

Demilly, Didier; Lambert, Claudie; Bertrand, Helmut

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2000.508.45

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Root tip cells of 'Dooley', 'Bailmer', and 'Veitchii' contained 36 chromosomes, whereas 'Domotoi', 'Nachtigall', and 'Taube' had 54 chromosomes. Like in previous studies with H. macrophylla (Cerbah et al, 2001;Demilly et al, 2000;Zonneveld, 2004), flow cytometric determinations of ploidy level corresponded to chromosome counts (Table 1; Fig. 1).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Two German breeders, H. Schadendorff and F. Matthes, were responsible for six triploid cultivars, whereas another six were released by the Federal Research Institute for Horticulture in Switzerland (Mallet, 1994;van Gelderen and van Gelderen, 2004). It is not known whether these and other European breeders had access to tetraploid forms of H. macrophylla that were not included in previous ploidy analyses (Cerbah et al, 2001;Demilly et al, 2000;Zonneveld, 2004) or if they were using parental stocks that produced unreduced gametes. An additional possibility, considering the fertility of the triploids, is that a triploid parent may have been used in the breeding of additional triploids.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DNA content of H. macrophylla has been investigated using flow cytometry. Working with 4#,6-diamidino-2-phenylidole (DAPI)stained nuclei, Demilly et al (2000) found 100 diploid and 21 triploid H. macrophylla ssp. macrophylla cultivars.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Ploidy Level and Its Effects on Guard Cell Length, Pollen Diameter, and Fertility in Hydrangea macrophylla

Jones¹,

Reed²,

Rinehart³

2007

horts

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Ploidy level was estimated in Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb) Ser. using flow cytometry. For H. macrophylla ssp. macrophylla, 42 diploid and 19 triploid cultivars were identified. All 14 H. macrophylla ssp. serrata (Thunb.) Makino cultivars tested were diploids. Somatic chromosome counts confirmed the ploidy of three diploid (2n = 2x = 36) and three triploid (2n = 3x = 54) cultivars. Stomatal guard cell length and pollen diameter of H. macrophylla ssp. macrophylla diploid cultivars were smaller than those of triploid cultivars. However, because the range of measurements for the diploids overlapped that of the triploids, neither guard cell nor pollen measurements are recommended for determining ploidy of H. macrophylla cultivars. Fertility was estimated using pollen staining and controlled pollinations. Stainable pollen for triploid cultivars averaged 63% and ranged from 25% in ‘Masja’ to 85% in ‘Marechal Foch’. Viable seed was obtained when four triploid cultivars were used as pistillate or staminate parents in controlled pollinations to diploid H. macrophylla ssp. macrophylla cultivars. A bimodal distribution of pollen sizes, which is suggestive of unreduced gamete production, was observed in one cultivar; however, more detailed genetic and cytologic studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism behind triploid formation in H. macrophylla taxa.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Ploidy Level and Its Effects on Guard Cell Length, Pollen Diameter, and Fertility in Hydrangea macrophylla

Jones¹,

Reed²,

Rinehart³

2007

horts

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“…Two German breeders, H. Schadendorff and F. Matthes, were responsible for six triploid cultivars, whereas another six were released by the Federal Research Institute for Horticulture in Switzerland (Mallet, 1994; Van Gelderen and Van Gelderen, 2004). It is not known whether these and other European breeders had access to tetraploid forms of H. macrophylla that were not included in previous ploidy analyses (Demilly et al, 2000;Cerbah et al, 2001;Zonneveld, 2004) or if they were using parental stocks that produced unreduced gametes. An additional possibility, considering the fertility of the triploids, is that a triploid parent may have been used in the breeding of additional triploids.…”

Section: Possible Origin Of Triploid Cultivarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Funamoto and Tanaka, 1988). All H. macrophylla cultivars tested to date are diploid (2n=2x=36) or triploid (2n=3x=54; Demilly et al, 2000;Cerbah et al, 2001;Zonneveld, 2004;Jones et al, 2007). Alexander (2017) showed that triploid hydrangeas had thicker stems, larger flowers, and larger stoma compared to full-sibling diploids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ploidy Level Influences Pollen Tube Growth and Seed Viability in Interploidy Crosses of Hydrangea macrophylla

Alexander

2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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All Hydrangea macrophylla cultivars tested to date are diploid or triploid and triploid H. macrophylla have thicker stems, larger flowers, and larger stoma compared to related diploids. It is unknown whether interploidy crosses between diploid and triploid hydrangeas can be used to develop triploid varieties. The objective of this study was to compare pollen tube development, fruit formation, and seed viability among intra-and interploidy pollinations of H. macrophylla and evaluate the genome size and pollen viability of resultant progeny. By 24 h post-pollination, pollen tubes had reached the ovaries of diploid flowers in 48.7% of samples while pollen tubes reached the ovaries in only 8.7% of triploid flowers (c 2 = 30.6, p < 0.001). By 48 h post-pollination pollen tubes reached the ovaries of diploid and triploid flowers in 72.5% and 53.8% of samples, respectively (c 2 = 26.5, p = 0.001). There was no difference in percentage of flowers with pollen tubes reaching the ovaries in diploid and triploid flowers at 72 h after pollination (c 2 = 7.5, p = 0.60). Analysis of covariance showed that pollen tube length at 24 and 48 h postpollination was significantly influenced by ploidy and flower length of the female parent. Progeny of interploidy crosses was diploid and aneuploid; no triploid progeny were recovered from crosses using triploid parents. Mean genome sizes of offspring from each cross type ranged from 4.56 pg for 2x × 2x offspring to 5.17 pg for 3x × 3x offspring. Estimated ploidy of offspring ranged from 2x for 2x × 2x crosses to 2.4x for 3x × 3x crosses. Pollen stainability rates of flowering offspring using a modified Alexander's stain ranged from 69.6% to 76.4%.

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Targeted generation of polyploids in Hydrangea macrophylla through cross-based breeding

et al. 2020

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Background Up to now, diploid and triploid cultivars were reported for the ornamental crop Hydrangea macrophylla. Especially, the origin of triploids and their crossing behaviors are unknown, but the underlying mechanisms are highly relevant for breeding polyploids. Results By screening a cultivar collection, we identified diploid, triploid, tetraploid and even aneuploid H. macrophylla varieties. The pollen viability of triploids and tetraploids was comparable to that of diploids. Systematic crosses with these cultivars resulted in viable diploid, triploid, tetraploid and aneuploid offspring. Interestingly, crosses between diploids produced diploid and 0 or 1–94% triploid offspring, depending on the cultivars used as pollen parent. This finding suggests that specific diploids form unreduced pollen, either at low or high frequencies. In contrast, crosses of triploids with diploids or tetraploids produced many viable aneuploids, whose 2C DNA contents ranged between the parental 2C values. As expected, crosses between diploid and tetraploid individuals generated triploid offspring. Putative tetraploid plants were obtained at low frequencies in crosses between diploids and in interploid crosses of triploids with either diploid or tetraploid plants. The analysis of offspring populations indicated the production of 1n = 2x gametes for tetraploid plants, whereas triploids produced obviously reduced, aneuploid gametes with chromosome numbers ranging between haploid and diploid level. While euploid offspring grew normally, aneuploid plants showed mostly an abnormal development and a huge phenotypic variation within offspring populations, most likely due to the variation in chromosome numbers. Subsequent crosses with putative diploid, triploid and aneuploid offspring plants from interploid crosses resulted in viable offspring and germination rates ranging from 21 to 100%. Conclusions The existence of diploids that form unreduced pollen and of tetraploids allows the targeted breeding of polyploid H. macrophylla. Different ploidy levels can be addressed by combining the appropriate crossing partners. In contrast to artificial polyploidization, cross-based polyploidization is easy, cheap and results in genetically variable offspring that allows the direct selection of more robust and stress tolerant polyploid varieties. Furthermore, the generation of polyploid H. macrophylla plants will favor interspecific breeding programs within the genus Hydrangea.

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Diversity of Nuclear Dna Contents of Hydrangea

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Analysis of Ploidy Level and Its Effects on Guard Cell Length, Pollen Diameter, and Fertility in Hydrangea macrophylla

Analysis of Ploidy Level and Its Effects on Guard Cell Length, Pollen Diameter, and Fertility in Hydrangea macrophylla

Ploidy Level Influences Pollen Tube Growth and Seed Viability in Interploidy Crosses of Hydrangea macrophylla

Targeted generation of polyploids in Hydrangea macrophylla through cross-based breeding

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