Diversity of the dispersed Gnetalean pollen record from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation, Brazil: Entomophily, harmomegathy and habitat heterogeneity

Hofmann, Christa-Ch.; Roberts, Emily A.; Seyfullah, Leyla J.

doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105020

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Wodehouse (1935) has given the size range 35.3–54.7 μm long and 18.2–28.5 μm broad for the genus Ephedra , provided with 5–15 longitudinal ridges. Hofmann, Roberts, and Seyfullah (2022) have given the size range 52 × 35 μm for E. antisyphililica . Khan et al (2017) described the equatorial diameter 44 (36–52) μm and polar diameter 22 (18–26) μm for E. gerardiana .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho‐palynological investigation of gymnospermal flora from subalpine and alpine zones of northern Pakistan using LM and SEM

Kayani

Hussain

Ahmad

et al. 2021

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The pollen morphology, with special reference to exine sculpture, of some species of the gymnosperms was assessed for the first time from the subalpine and alpine zones of western Himalayas northern Pakistan. The pollen of all these species is airborne and allergenic, so pollen morphology helps for identification of this allergenic pollen at specific level. Different morpho-palynological characteristics were analyzed including size range of pollen, polar and equatorial diameter ratio, exine ornamentation, sculpturing, exine thickness, pollen type, and shape. For accurate and quick identification of species, taxonomic key was made based on different morpho-palynological characteristics. The quantitative data were processed using SPSS software.Gymnospermal pollen includes inaperturate, rarely 1-colpate observed in (Cupressaceae), hexazonocolpate in (Ephedraceae), vesiculate, bissacate in (Pinaceae), and inaperturate in (Taxaceae). Different pollen shapes observed were prolate (4 spp), sub-spheroidal (7 spp), and oblate (1 spp). Variation was observed in exine sculpturing granular (4 spp), reticulate (1 spp), areolate-punctate (3 spp), and psilate (2 spp). This is based on the analysis of 10 plants belonging to four families of gymnosperms. Distinct pollen shape has emerged as the most diagnostic feature to separate some genera such as spheroidal in (Cupressaceae, Taxaceae), prolate and radiosymmetrical in (Ephedraceae), and bilateral in (Pinaceae). Exine thickness and sculpturing proved to be helpful at generic and specific levels. The results reinforced the significance of gymnospermal pollen morphological features which were used as aid for valuable taxonomic tool in plant systematics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho‐palynological investigation of gymnospermal flora from subalpine and alpine zones of northern Pakistan using LM and SEM

Kayani

Hussain

Ahmad

et al. 2021

Microscopy Res & Technique

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“…have been retrieved from the Upper Jurassic Tendaguru Formation of Tanzania (Schrank, 2010). Pollen morphology within ephedraceaous pollen (i.e., polyplicate, inaperturate) (Figure 5B) during the Early Cretaceous seems also to suggest that different pollination modes (i.e., wind, insect and potentially mixed) were present during this time (Bolinder et al, 2016;Hofmann et al, 2022). Even though the abundance of gnetalean pollen declined in the Late Cretaceous, Ephedra-type pollen has a notable Cenozoic record across the globe, including records from the Eocene to the Pliocene of Brazil (Garcia et al, 2016), central Asia (Tang et al, 2011;Yuan et al, 2020), New Zealand (Lee et al, 2012), Patagonia (Palazzesi and Barreda, 2012), India (Ghosh et al, 1963), Turkey (Akkiraz et al, 2008), Taiwan (Shaw, 1998), North America (Wodehouse, 1933;Gray, 1960), Australia (Cookson, 1956), Europe (Potonié, 1958;Krutzsch, 1961;Grímsson et al, 2011).…”

Section: Breaking the Morphological Branch: The Fossil Recordmentioning

confidence: 95%

Cutting the long branches: Consilience as a path to unearth the evolutionary history of Gnetales

Coiro

Roberts²,

Hofmann³

et al. 2022

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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The Gnetales are one of the most fascinating groups within seed plants. Although the advent of molecular phylogenetics has generated some confidence in their phylogenetic placement of Gnetales within seed plants, their macroevolutionary history still presents many unknowns. Here, we review the reasons for such unknowns, and we focus the discussion on the presence of “long branches” both in their molecular and morphological history. The increased rate of molecular evolution and genome instability as well as the numerous unique traits (both reproductive and vegetative) in the Gnetales have been obstacles to a better understanding of their evolution. Moreover, the fossil record of the Gnetales, though relatively rich, has not yet been properly reviewed and investigated using a phylogenetic framework. Despite these apparent blocks to progress we identify new avenues to enable us to move forward. We suggest that a consilience approach, involving different disciplines such as developmental genetics, paleobotany, molecular phylogenetics, and traditional anatomy and morphology might help to “break” these long branches, leading to a deeper understanding of this mysterious group of plants.

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A new palynological assemblage of the Nantun Formation in the Huhehu Sag, Hailar Basin, NE China: Implications for paleoenvironments

Zhang,

Xue,

Wan

et al. 2025

Cretaceous Research

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Diversity of the dispersed Gnetalean pollen record from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation, Brazil: Entomophily, harmomegathy and habitat heterogeneity

Cited by 6 publications

References 83 publications

Morpho‐palynological investigation of gymnospermal flora from subalpine and alpine zones of northern Pakistan using LM and SEM

Morpho‐palynological investigation of gymnospermal flora from subalpine and alpine zones of northern Pakistan using LM and SEM

Cutting the long branches: Consilience as a path to unearth the evolutionary history of Gnetales

A new palynological assemblage of the Nantun Formation in the Huhehu Sag, Hailar Basin, NE China: Implications for paleoenvironments

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